Anomalous Magnetic Anisotropy Behaviour in Co-Rich and Fe-Rich Glass-Coated Microwires under Applied Stress.

In this article, we study the effect of annealing temperature and applied stress on the magnetic properties of Fe71.80B13.27Si11.02Nb2.99Ni0.92 and Co65.34Si12.00B10.20Cr8.48Fe3.90Mo0.08 microwires. An anomalous behavior of the coercive field is observed while applying stress, indicating nontrivial changes in the microwire magnetic anisotropy. The effect of applied stimuli on the magnetic anisotropy and magnetostriction constant in both microwires is also discussed.

Optimization of Magnetoimpedance Effect and Magnetic Properties of Fe-Rich Glass-Coated Microwires by Annealing.

As-prepared Fe-rich microwires with perfectly rectangular hysteresis loops present magnetization reversal through fast domain wall propagation, while the giant magnetoimpedance (GMI) effect in Fe-rich microwires is rather low. However, the lower cost of Fe-rich microwires makes them attractive for magnetic sensors applications. We studied the effect of conventional (furnace) annealing and Joule heating on magnetic-propertied domain wall (DW) dynamics and the GMI effect in two Fe microwires with different geometries. We observed that magnetic softness, GMI effect and domain wall (DW) dynamics can be substantially improved by appropriate annealing. Observed experimental results are discussed considering the counterbalance between the internal stresses relaxation and induced magnetic anisotropy associated with the presence of an Oersted magnetic field during Joule heating.

Exploring the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention in university students: MindKinder adult version program (MK-A).

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the mindfulness-based intervention MindKinder Adult version (MK-A) program on dispositional mindfulness, trait emotional intelligence, mental health, and emotional regulation difficulties in university students. A quasi-experimental design of repeated measures pretest-posttest with a control group was used. The sample consisted of 137 university students (67.9% women, with a mean age of 19.94 years). Participants were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 69) and the control group (n = 68). Results showed that the program stimulated a significant improvement in dispositional mindfulness, describing, non-reactivity, trait emotional intelligence, mental health and emotional confusion in the experimental group. Given the obtained results, we consider the importance and incorporation of these mindfulness-based programs in university students. Due to the general characteristics of this population, having resources that lead to improvements, such as those obtained in this study, can be of great help since, in general, we find ourselves in a context, the university, in which students are subject to high levels of stress and anxiety. Finally, the implications of these findings are discussed.

Differential contribution of renal cytochrome P450 enzymes to kidney endothelial dysfunction and vascular oxidative stress in obesity.

Arachidonic acid (AA)-derived cytochrome P450 (CYP) derivatives, epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and 20-hidroxyeicosatetranoic acid (20-HETE), play a key role in kidney tubular and vascular functions and blood pressure. Altered metabolism of CYP epoxygenases and CYP hydroxylases has differentially been involved in the pathogenesis of metabolic disease-associated vascular complications, although the mechanisms responsible for the vascular injury are unclear. The present study aimed to assess whether obesity-induced changes in CYP enzymes may contribute to oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction in kidney preglomerular arteries. Endothelial function and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were assessed in interlobar arteries of obese Zucker rats (OZR) and their lean counterparts lean Zucker rats (LZR) and the effects of CYP2C and CYP4A inhibitors sulfaphenazole and HET0016, respectively, were examined on the endothelium-dependent relaxations and O2- and H2O2 levels of preglomerular arteries. Non-nitric oxide (NO) non-prostanoid endothelium-derived hyperpolarization (EDH)-type responses were preserved but resistant to the CYP epoxygenase blocker sulfaphenazole in OZR in contrast to those in LZR. Sulfaphenazole did not further inhibit reduced arterial H2O2 levels, and CYP2C11/CYP2C23 enzymes were downregulated in intrarenal arteries from OZR. Renal EDH-mediated relaxations were preserved in obese rats by the enhanced activity and expression of endothelial calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa). CYP4A blockade restored impaired NO-mediated dilatation and inhibited augmented O2- production in kidney arteries from OZR. The current data demonstrate that both decreased endothelial CYP2C11/ CYP2C23-derived vasodilator H2O2 and augmented CYP4A-derived 20-HETE contribute to endothelial dysfunction and vascular oxidative stress in obesity. CYP4A inhibitors ameliorate arterial oxidative stress and restore endothelial function which suggests its therapeutic potential for the vascular complications of obesity-associated kidney injury.

¿Hay suficiente número de plazas hospitalarias para las prácticas de nuestros alumnos de Formación Profesional / Do we have sufficient hospital placements for our pathology technician trainees?

No disponible

Using a Mindfulness-Based Intervention to Promote Subjective Well-Being, Trait Emotional Intelligence, Mental Health, and Resilience in Women With Fibromyalgia.

The objective of the present study was to experimentally assess the effects of a mindfulness-based intervention (MBI) for the improvement of subjective well-being, trait emotional intelligence (TEI), mental health, and resilience in a sample of women with fibromyalgia (FM). The sample consisted of 104 women, between 29 and 77 years old (M = 47.59; SD = 5.93). The measures used were as follows: Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), Positive and Negative Affection Scale (PANAS), Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire Short Form (TEIQue-SF), Mental Health Questionnaire (MH-5), and Resilience Scale (ER-14). A quasi-experimental design of repeated measures with a control group (CG) was used: before and after the application of the treatment and a follow-up assessment 6 months after the completion of the intervention. In order to assess the effect of the program, the participants were randomly assigned to the experimental and control conditions. In the pretest evaluation, a multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were carried out. In the post-test evaluation, a multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) of the study variables as a whole was performed. Then, descriptive analyses and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) of the post-test scores (covariate pretest score) were performed. In the follow-up evaluation, a MANCOVA of the study variables as a whole was performed. Then, descriptive and ANCOVA analyses of the follow-up scores (covariate pretest score) were performed. In addition, the effect size was calculated using partial eta-squared (µ2). The post-test results confirmed statistically significant differences in satisfaction with life (SWL), positive affect (PA), mental health, and resilience. The follow-up results showed statistically significant differences in SWL, PA, TEI, mental health, and resilience. The study provides an effective intervention tool that has been validated experimentally. The general results allow the emphasis of the importance of the implementation of MBIs framed in non-pharmacological treatments in FM.

Humanismo: impacto en el saber / Humanism: impact on knowledge

Discurso del Padre Rector, Dr. Alfonso José Gómez, sj, con motivo del inicio del año académico 2018 de la Universidad Católica de Córdoba.

Control of redox potential in hybridoma cultures: effects on MAb production, metabolism, and apoptosis.

Culture redox potential (CRP) has proven to be a valuable monitoring tool in several areas of biotechnology; however, it has been scarcely used in animal cell culture. In this work, a proportional feedback control was employed, for the first time, to maintain the CRP at different constant values in hybridoma batch cultures for production of a monoclonal antibody (MAb). Reducing and oxidant conditions, in the range of -130 and +70 mV, were maintained in 1-l bioreactors through automatic control of the inlet gas composition. Cultures at constant DOT, in the range of 3 and 300 %, were used for comparison. The effect of constant CRP on cell concentration, MAb production, metabolism of glucose, glutamine, thiols, oxygen consumption, and programmed cell death, was evaluated. Reducing conditions resulted in the highest viable cell and MAb concentrations and thiols production, whereas specific glucose and glutamine consumption rates remained at the lowest values. In such conditions, programmed cell death, particularly apoptosis, occurred only after nutrient exhaustion. The optimum specific MAb production rate occurred at intermediate CRP levels. Oxidant conditions resulted in a detrimental effect in all culture parameters, increasing the specific glucose, glutamine, and oxygen consumption rates and inducing the apoptotic process, which was detected as early as 24 h even when glutamine and glucose were present at non-limiting concentrations. In most cases, such results were similar to those obtained in control cultures at constant DOT.

Effect of urbanisation on asthma, allergy and airways inflammation in a developing country setting.

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a growing public health problem in developing countries. However, few studies have studied the role of urbanisation in this phenomenon. It was hypothesised that children living in a peri-urban setting in Peru have higher rates of asthma and allergy than rural counterparts. METHODS: 1441 adolescents aged 13-15 years were enrolled from two settings: a peri-urban shanty town in Lima (n = 725) and 23 rural villages in Tumbes (n = 716). Participants filled in questionnaires on asthma and allergy symptoms, environmental exposures and sociodemographics, and underwent spirometry, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and allergy skin testing. Indoor particulate matter (PM) concentrations were measured in 170 households. RESULTS: Lima adolescents had higher rates of lifetime wheezing (22% vs 10%), current asthma symptoms (12% vs 3%) and physician-diagnosed asthma (13% vs 2%; all p <0.001). Current rhinitis (23% vs 12%), eczema (12% vs 0.4%), atopy (56% vs 38%), personal history of cigarette smoking (7.4% vs 1.3%) and mean indoor PM (31 vs 13 µg/m(3)) were also higher in Lima (all p < 0.001). The peri-urban environment of Lima was associated with a 2.6-fold greater odds (95% CI 1.3 to 5.3) of asthma in multivariable regression. Forced expiratory volumes were higher and FEV(1)/FVC (forced expiratory volume in 1 s/forced vital capacity) ratios were lower in Lima (all p < 0.001). Higher eNO values in Lima (p < 0.001) were attributable to higher rates of asthma and atopy. CONCLUSIONS: Peri-urban adolescents had more asthma, atopy and airways inflammation and were exposed to more indoor pollution. The findings provide evidence of the risks posed to lung health by peri-urban environments in developing countries.

Effects of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma and atopy in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru.

BACKGROUND: Proximity to roadways increases the risk of asthma in developed countries; however, relatively little is known about this relationship in developing countries, where rapid and uncontrolled growth of cities has resulted in urban sprawl and heavy traffic volumes. OBJECTIVE: We sought to determine the effect of distance from a heavily transited avenue on asthma symptoms and quantitative respiratory outcome measures in a periurban shantytown in Lima, Peru. METHODS: We enrolled 725 adolescents aged 13 to 15 years who were administered a survey on asthma symptoms and measured spirometry, response to allergy skin testing, and exhaled nitric oxide (eNO). We calculated distances from the main avenue for all households and measured indoor particulate matter in 100 households. We used multivariable regression to model the risk of asthma symptoms, risk of atopy, eNO levels, and FEV(1)/forced vital capacity ratio as a function of distance. RESULTS: Compared against 384 meters, the odds of current asthma symptoms in households living within 100 meters increased by a factor of 2 (P < .05). The odds of atopy increased by a factor of 1.07 for every 100-meter difference in the distance from the avenue (P = .03). We found an inverse relationship in prebronchodilator FEV(1)/forced vital capacity and distance to the avenue in female subjects (P = .01) but not in male subjects. We did not find an association between eNO or household particulate matter levels and distance. CONCLUSION: Living in close proximity to a high-traffic-density avenue in a periurban community in Peru was associated with a greater risk of asthma symptoms and atopy. Regulation of mobile-source pollutants in periurban areas of developing countries might help reduce the burden of asthma symptoms and atopy.

Factores de riesgo, asociados a intento de suicidio, comparando factores de alta y baja letalidad / Comparing high- and low-lethality factors regarding attempted suicide-associated risk factors

Objetivo El propósito del estudio fue Identificar los factores de riesgo más frecuentes asociados a intento de suicidio para determinar si existen diferencias entre los factores de riesgo presentes en pacientes con tentativa de baja letalidad y los de alta letalidad. Método Se entrevistaron 106 pacientes de ambos sexos, con diagnóstico de intento de suicidio, hospitalizados en una unidad psiquiátrica, divididos en dos grupos: uno pacientes con tentativa suicida de baja letalidad y otro con tentativa de alta letalidad. Resultados Del total de 106 pacientes, 58,5 por ciento pertenecían al grupo de baja letalidad y 41,5 por ciento al grupo de alta letalidad. Los porcentajes más elevados se presentaron, en la mayoría de los casos en el grupo de tentativa de alta letalidad pero sólo en dos factores se encontró diferencia estadística significativa: "œvivir solo" e "œintoxicación etílica previa". Del total de ambos grupos, el 77,4 por ciento eran menores de 39 años, 69 por ciento eran femeninos y 31 por ciento masculinos, los factores de riesgo asociados a intento de suicidio que presentaron los porcentajes más elevados en ambos grupos fueron: antecedente familiar de alcoholismo, tentativa suicida personal previa, ansiedad generalizada y distimia. Discusión La mayoría de los factores de riesgo encontrados con mayor porcentaje, concuerdan con los reportados en la literatura médica. Conclusiones: En este estudio, el hecho de vivir sólo, e intoxicación alcohólica previa, mostraron diferencia estadística significativa, en el resto de los factores estudiados no hubo diferencia significativa.

Objective This study was aimed at identifying the most common risk factors associated with suicide attempts to determine differences between risk factors present in patients regarding their low-lethality and high-fatality suicide attempts. Method 106 patients from both sexes who had been hospitalised in a psychiatric unit following their attempts at suicide were interviewed; they were divided into two groups: low-lethality and high-lethality suicide attempt patients. Results 58.5 percent of the 106 patients were placed in the low-lethality group and 41.5 percent in the high-lethality group. The highest rates occurred in the high-lethality group but only two factors had significant statistical difference: "œliving alone" and "œprior alcohol poisoning". 77.4 percent of the sample were aged under 39, 7 percent were female and 31 percent male. Having a family background of alcoholism, previously attempted suicide, generalised anxiety and dysthymia had the highest percentages as risk factors associated with attempted suicide in both groups. The risk factors having the highest percentages were consistent with those reported in the literature. Conclusions The fact of living alone and having previously suffered alcohol poisoning had statistically significant differences in this study. No significant differences were found in the rest of the factors studied here.

[Comparing high- and low-lethality factors regarding attempted suicide-associated risk factors]. / Factores de riesgo, asociados a intento de suicidio, comparando factores de alta y baja letalidad.

OBJECTIVE: This study was aimed at identifying the most common risk factors associated with suicide attempts to determine differences between risk factors present in patients regarding their low-lethality and high-fatality suicide attempts. METHOD: 106 patients from both sexes who had been hospitalised in a psychiatric unit following their attempts at suicide were interviewed; they were divided into two groups: low-lethality and high-lethality suicide attempt patients. RESULTS: 58.5 % of the 106 patients were placed in the low-lethality group and 41.5 % in the high-lethality group. The highest rates occurred in the high-lethality group but only two factors had significant statistical difference: "living alone" and "prior alcohol poisoning". 77.4 % of the sample were aged under 39, 7 % were female and 31 % male. Having a family background of alcoholism, previously attempted suicide, generalised anxiety and dysthymia had the highest percentages as risk factors associated with attempted suicide in both groups. The risk factors having the highest percentages were consistent with those reported in the literature. CONCLUSIONS: The fact of living alone and having previously suffered alcohol poisoning had statistically significant differences in this study. No significant differences were found in the rest of the factors studied here.

Enfermedades dermatológicas en un servicio académico asistencial universitario de Lima-Perú, 2004-2007 / Skin diseases in a dermatology academic teaching division of Lima-Peru, 2004-2007

OBJETIVOS: Evaluar la frecuencia de enfermedades dermatológicas en un Servicio de Dermatología Universitario de la ciudad de Lima. PACIENTES Y METODOS: Estudio descriptivo, observacional y retrospectivo, realizado en el Servicio Académico Asistencial de Dermatología de la UNMSM, durante enero del 2004 a diciembre 2007. Los diagnósticos fueron clasificados de acuerdo al CIE-10. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron un total de 3294 pacientes nuevos, el promedio de edad fue de 35.4 ± 20.7 años, el 53.35% de pacientes fueron mujeres. Por grupo de enfermedad, las dermatosis infecciosas fueron las más comunes (29.3%), seguidas por las dermatitis (17.7%), neoplasias benignas (9.9%) y enfermedades de los anexos de la piel (9.8%). Las principales dermatosis encontradas fueron las verrugas víricas (14.3%), vitíligo (6%), otros tumores benignos de la piel (5.3%) y acné (4.8%). CONCLUSIONES: Las enfermedades infecciosas y las dermatitis fueron los diagnósticos más comunes. Las universidades como centro de formación integral del médico deberían ofrecer servicios académicos asistenciales que le permitan realizar docencia y proyeccióna la comunidad.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the frequency ofdermatological diseases at University Department of Dermatology of Lima. PATIENTSAND METHODS: Descriptive, observational and retrospective, performed at the Dermatology Academic Teaching Division of Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, during January 2004 to December 2007. Diagnoses were classified according to ICD-10. RESULTS: A total of 3294 new patients, the mean age was 35.4 ± 20.7 years, 53.35% of patients were female. For group of disease, infectious dermatoses were more common (29.3%), following by dermatitis(17.7%), benign neoplasms (9.9%) and diseasesof skin appendages (9.8%). The main dermatoses found were viral warts (14.3%), vitiligo (6%), other benign skin tumors (5.3%) and acne(4.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Infectious diseases and dermatitis were the most common diagnoses. The universities as centre of integral formation of physicians must provide academic assistance services that can deliver teaching and outreach to the community.

Angiosarcoma epitelioide primario de tiroides. Ejemplo poco frecuente de neoplasia maligna tiroidea / Primary epithelioid angiosarcoma of the thyroid: an infrequent malignant thyroid tumor

Presentamos en nuestro trabajo un angiosarcoma epitelioide tiroideo, tumor raro y agresivo, observado en una paciente de 74 años, portadora de un bocio crónico eutiroideo. El tumor, que afectaba a la mayor parte de la superficie glandular del tiroides, mostró un patrón histológico infiltrante, con células epitelioides que tenían tendencia a formar luces vasculares. La inmunohistoquímica (CD31 y factor VIII) confirmaron el carácter angiomatoso de la neoplasia y permitieron establecer un diagnóstico diferencial con otros procesos malignos que pueden, igualmente, afectar a esta región anatómica (AU)

We present a case of epithelioid angiosarcoma of the thyroid, a rare and aggressive tumor, in a 74-year-old woman with a chronic euthyroid goiter. The tumor, which involved most of the glandular surface of the thyroid, showed an infiltrating histological pattern, with epithelioid cells displaying a tendency to form vascular lights. Immunohistochemical analysis (CD31 and factor VIII) confirmed the angiomatous nature of the neoplasm and enabled us to establish the differential diagnosis with other malignant processes that can also affect this anatomical area (AU)

Primary epithelioid angiosarcoma of the thyroid: an infrequent malignant thyroid tumor.

We present a case of epithelioid angiosarcoma of the thyroid, a rare and aggressive tumor, in a 74-year-old woman with a chronic euthyroid goiter. The tumor, which involved most of the glandular surface of the thyroid, showed an infiltrating histological pattern, with epithelioid cells displaying a tendency to form vascular lights. Immunohistochemical analysis (CD31 and factor VIII) confirmed the angiomatous nature of the neoplasm and enabled us to establish the differential diagnosis with other malignant processes that can also affect this anatomical area.