Blood group incompatibility as risk of corneal rejection / Incompatibilidad de grupo sanguíneo como riesgo de episodio de rechazo corneal

Background: There is a high risk of rejection of a corneal transplant known as a "rejection episode" in our Hospital conditioned by multiple variables. The aim of this article is to analyze the different risk factors of "corneal rejection episode" in post-transplant patients at one year of follow-up and in particular to consider the presence of donor blood incompatibility during the first year of post-surgical follow-up. Methods: A nested case-control study was designed in a cohort: observational, longitudinal, analytical and retrospective from year 2012 to 2013. We performed OR and logistic regression of the variables that influenced rejection. Results: We included 101 consecutive transplants from multiorgan donation. The variables that influenced the rejection episode were: preoperative high risk group, graft size, blood incompatibility, female gender and age over 60 years old. Other variables such as the presence of comorbidities, combined surgery, surgical time greater than one hour and postoperative complications did not show significant differences. Conclusions: It is advisable to perform routine blood compatibility to reduce the risk of rejection.

Introducción: Existe un elevado riesgo de rechazo de trasplante corneal conocido como "episodio de rechazo" en nuestro Hospital condicionado por múltiples variables. El objetivo de este trabajo fue analizar las diferentes causas de riesgo de episodio de rechazo corneal en pacientes postrasplantados a un año de seguimiento y en particular considerar la presencia con incompatibilidad sanguínea del donador durante el primer año de seguimiento posquirúrgico. Métodos: Se diseñó un estudio de casos y controles anidados en una cohorte: observacional, longitudinal, analítico y retrospectivo del año 2012 al 2013. Se realizó OR y regresión logística de las variables que influyeron en rechazo. Resultados: Se incluyeron 101 trasplantes consecutivos procedentes de donación multiorgánica. Las variables que influyeron en el episodio de rechazo fueron: grupo prequirúrgico de riesgo alto, tamaño del injerto, incompatibilidad sanguínea, género femenino y mayores de 60 años. Otras variables como la presencia de comorbilidades, cirugía combinada, tiempo quirúrgico mayor a una hora y complicaciones postquirúrgicas no mostraron diferencias significativas. Conclusiones: Es recomendable realizar de rutina la compatibilidad sanguínea para disminuir el riesgo de episodio de rechazo.

[Comparison of olopatadin and ketotifen in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis]. / Olopatadina y ketotifeno para tratar conjuntivitis alérgica.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of olopatadine 0.1 % and ketotifen 0.025 % ophthalmic solutions in the treatment of allergic conjunctivitis. METHODS: Forty patients with allergic conjunctivitis were included in the study, they were randomized in two groups: G-I (n = 20) olopatadine 0.1 % and G-II (n = 20) ketotifen 0.025 %, both receiving one drop every 12 hours. We evaluated itching, burning, tearing, redness and chemosis previously and 30 minutes, one, two and four week after. RESULTS: Age G-I was 19.7 +/- 6.7 years; G-II, 21.05 +/- 8.3 years. When evaluating itching, olopatadine had a significant improvement at 30 minutes and after one week (p < 0.05). In the following weeks, the results were similar in both groups. Olopatadine showed significant improvement in burning at 30 minutes, one and two week (p < 0.05). Tearing significantly decreased at 30 minutes with olopatadine (p < 0.05). There was no difference in redness or chemosis improvement in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, olopatadine 0.1 % was more effective than topical ketotifen 0.025 % in improving itching, tearing and burning in allergic conjunctivitis patients.