RESUMO
Trichobacteriosis (trichomycosis) is an asymptomatic infection at the axillary hair level caused by a bacterium of Corynebacterium spp. The aim of this study is to identify the clinical, epidemiological, and microbiological characteristics of previously reported cases. A review was conducted including the cases of trichomycosis (trichobacteriosis) reported in the PubMed database up to June 2023. Twenty-nine articles were included, involving 365 patients in total. A higher incidence was observed in men, representing 94% of the cases, most of which were in the age range of 20-50 years. The most frequently affected clinical topography was the axillar (90% of the cases). Most of the patients presented change in hair texture and bromhidrosis, some other frequent clinical manifestations were hyperhidrosis, hair color change, and cromhidrosis; 6% of the patients were asymptomatic. The etiological agent most frequently identified was Corynebacterium spp., the flavescens variety being the most prevalent. The most common form of treatment was shaving and topical clindamycin. In conclusion, trichobacteriosis is an infection that most frequently affects men at the axillary level; it manifests clinically with few symptoms and usually has a good response to treatment.
RESUMO
Venezuela, debido a su localización geográfica, clima y situación social, tiene el perfil para que las enfermedades oculares de origen fúngico se presenten. Aunque, en el país, la incidencia y prevalencia de las oculomicosis no ha sido suficientemente documentada, la mayoría de los oftalmólogos han tenido que atenderla en su consulta tanto pública como privada. La queratitis micótica es la forma más frecuente de presentación oftalmológica de las infecciones de origen fúngico que puede tener complicaciones irreversibles, incluso ceguera monocular, especialmente para aquellas personas que viven en comunidades agrícolas de países en vías de desarrollo. La enfermedad es fácilmente desapercibida, y los diagnósticos tardíos son comunes. Este hecho, hace que aumente las probabilidades de secuelas severas y la necesidad de intervenciones quirúrgicas. Los hongos filamentosos son los microorganismos causantes más frecuentemente asociados con traumatismos oculares o al uso de lentes de contacto. El propósito de este estudio, es presentar una revisión clínico-epidemiológica actualizada que incluye estrategias de tratamiento y diagnóstico de un problema subestimado en Venezuela e incentivar futuros estudios epidemiológicos con el objetivo de conocer los factores de riesgo asociados y medidas preventivas necesarias a ser implementadas en la región.
Due to its climate, geographical and social situation, Venezuela has the profile for fungal ocular diseases. Even though the incidence and prevalence of this ocular morbidity is undetermined in our country, most of the ophthalmologist have encountered the disease yearly in public or private practice. Fungal keratitis is the most frequent form of presentation of ocular mycosis, it can lead to irreversible complications and even monocular blindness, especially for people living in the agricultural communities of the developing world. The disease is easily overlooked or missed, and delayed diagnosis is common. This fact increases the likelihood of severe sequelae and surgical interventions. Filamentous fungi are most frequently the causative organism for fungal keratitis associated with ocular trauma or contact lens wear. The purpose of this study is to present a clinical-epidemiological review-update, which includes diagnosis and treatment strategies of this underestimated disease in Venezuela, as well as to encourage future epidemiological studies to recognize risk factors and preventive treatment in our region.
RESUMO
Superficial mycoses are fungal infections limited to the stratum corneum and its adnexal structures. The most frequent types are dermatophytoses or tineas. Tinea versicolor involves the skin in the form of hypochromic or hyperchromic plaques, and tinea nigra affects the skin of the palms with dark plaques. White piedra and black piedra are parasitic infections of scalp hairs in the form of concretions caused by fungal growth. Diagnosis of these mycoses is made from mycologic studies, direct examination, stains, and isolation, and identification of the fungi. Treatment includes systemic antifungals, topical antifungals, and keratolytics.
