Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica. Selección bibliográfica / Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Bibliographical selection

En este artículo se expone una selección de los artículos más relevantes que se han publicado recientemente en el área dela enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Cada uno de ellos va acompañado de un breve resumen o comentario sobre su contenido.(AU)

This article presents a selection of the most relevant articles that have been recently published in the area of chronic ob-structive pulmonary disease (COPD). Each of them is accompanied by a brief summary or commentary on its content.(AU)

Nocardiosis pulmonar en paciente con EPOC grave de fenotipo agudizador con enfisema / Pulmonary nocardiosis in a patient with severe COPD of an exacerbating phenotype with emphysema

La nocardiosis pulmonar es una entidad poco frecuente que afecta a pacientes inmunodeprimidos y a aquellos con patologías pulmonares previas, entre las que se incluyen la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC). Tanto sus manifestaciones clínicas como las radiológicas son inespecíficas, pudiendo llegar a confundirse con otros procesos como la tuberculosis o determinados tumores. Debido a ello y a la lentitud con la que crece en los cultivos, puede producirse un retraso en su diagnóstico, llegando a alcanzar la mortalidad hasta el 40% de los casos. Presentamos un caso de nocardiosis pulmonar en una paciente con EPOC grave de fenotipo agudizador con enfisema, que presentó una buena evolución tras el tratamiento antibiótico que se le instauró

Pulmonary nocardiosis is a rare disease that affects inmmunocompromised patients and those with previous pulmonary pathology, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Both, clinical and radiological manifestations are nonspecific, and it can be confused with other processes such as tuberculosis or tumors. Because of this and its slow growth in cultures, there may be a delay in its diagnosis, reaching mortality up to 40% of cases. We present a case of Pulmonary nocardiosis in a patient with severe COPD of an exacerbating phenotype with emphysema, who presented a good evolution with antibiotic treatment

Actualización en técnicas broncoscópicas / No disponible

No disponible

Reparación de hiperfibrosis abdominal secundaria a liposucción / Repair of hyperfibrosis secondary to abdominal liposuction

El desarrollo de hiperfibrosis secundaria a cualquier procedimiento quirúrgico es un problema que afecta al paciente que lo padece y al médico que le trata; puede tener resultados devastadores no solo sobre la estética, sino en casos extremos, también sobre la función. En el ámbito de la Cirugía Plástica, cuando la hiperfibrosis se desarrolla tras algún procedimiento estético y por ende 100% electivo, al paciente le es difícil entender y aceptar la génesis de dicho problema y exige al cirujano una reparación rápida y satisfactoria, lo cual no siempre es fácil o incluso factible. En este artículo presentamos el caso de una paciente sometida a liposucción abdominal que, tras la aparición en el postoperatorio y posterior resolución de una seroma, sufrió una hiperfibrosis que deformó la zona; presentamos también nuestra propuesta de tratamiento y los resultados finales conseguidos. Hay que recalcar que cuando estos casos, afortunadamente no muy comunes, aparecen, la evolución suele sertórpida y en ocasiones resistente a los protocolos de tratamiento habituales, lo que puede llevarnos a desarrollar estrategias poco convencionales y, que en un caso como el que presentamos, resultan bastante efectivas (AU)

The development of hyperfibrosis after any surgical procedure is a problem that affects the patient and the doctor who treated, and can have devastating results that affect not only the aesthetic but, in extreme cases, the function. In the field of Plastic Surgery, when hyperfibrosis develops in a cosmetic procedure and therefore 100% elective, the patient does not understand and accept the genesis of the problem and the surgeon is required to fast repair, but this is not always satisfactory, easy or even feasible. We present the case of a patient undergoing an abdominal liposuction complicated with postoperative seroma; after seromas resolution she developed hyperfibrosis that deformed the area. We also present our proposal for treatment and our final results. It´s important to remark that these cases are usually resistible to standard treatment protocols, and sometimes leads us to develop unconventional strategies (AU)

Amiloidosis traqueobronquial y nodular múltiple / Tracheobronchial and mulitple nodular amyloidosis

Resumen. La amiloidosis pulmonar primaria o localizada es una patología poco frecuente que aparece en adultos a partir de la quinta década de vida. Se describen 5 formas de presentación. Describimos el caso de una mujer de 35 años que cursa de forma excepcional con una doble presentación de amiloidosis pulmonar traqueobronquial y nodular múltiple (AU)

Abstract: Primary or localized pulmonary amyloidosis is an uncommon condition that appears in adults after 50 years of age. Five presentation forms have been described. We describe the case of a 35-year old woman who had a rare form with double presentation of tracheobronchial pulmonary amyloidosis and multiple nodular amyloidosis (AU)

Enzymatic systems of inorganic pyrophosphate bioenergetics in photosynthetic and heterotrophic protists: remnants or metabolic cornerstones?

An increasing body of biochemical and genetic evidence suggests that inorganic pyrophosphate (PPi) plays an important role in protist bioenergetics. In these organisms, two types of inorganic pyrophosphatases [EC 3.6.1.1, namely soluble PPases (sPPases) and proton-translocating PPases (H+-PPases)] that hydrolyse the PPi generated by cell anabolism, thereby replenishing the orthophosphate pool needed for phosphorylation reactions, are present in different cellular compartments. Photosynthetic and heterotrophic protists possess sPPases located in cellular organelles (plastids and mitochondria), where many anabolic and biosynthetic reactions take place, in addition to H+-PPases, which are integral membrane proteins of the vacuolysosomal membranes and use the chemical energy of PPi to generate an electrochemical proton gradient useful in cell bioenergetics. This last category of proton pumps was considered to be restricted to higher plants and some primitive photosynthetic bacteria, but it has been found recently in many protists (microalgae and protozoa) and bacteria, thus indicating that H+-PPases are much more widespread than previously thought. No cytosolic sPPase (in bacteria, fungi and animal cells) has been shown to occur in these lower eukaryotes. The widespread occurrence of these key enzymes of PPi metabolism among evolutionarily divergent protists strongly supports the ancestral character of the bioenergetics based on this simple energy-rich compound, which may play an important role in survival under different biotic and abiotic stress conditions.

[Smoking in health personnel: study in a hospital unit]. / Tabaquismo en el personal de salud: estudio en una unidad hospitalaria.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the characteristics of smoking among health personnel, considered to be of particular importance for their strategic influence on the population. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A short survey was designed and applied in April 1997 to health personnel in one Mexico City hospital. Information and personal view on tobacco addiction was taken from smokers and non-smokers and analyzed by sex, age, region, function, shift, etc. RESULTS: Prevalence among administrative and medical personnel was high. CONCLUSIONS: The high smoking prevalence among health personnel should be carefully considered since it is opposed to medical principles on formation, activity and environment.