Molecular and Pathobiology of Canine Mammary Tumour: Defining a Translational Model for Human Breast Cancer.

Canine mammary tumours (CMT) have histological, clinicopathological and molecular resemblances to human breast cancer (HBC), positioning them as viable models for studying the human disease. CMT initiation and progression occur spontaneously in immune-competent animals, which challenge the suggested limitations of genetically modified mice, also enabling the evaluation of immunotherapies in canine patients. Dogs have shorter life expectancy compared to humans, and cancer advances more rapidly in this species. This makes it possible to perform studies about the clinical efficacy of new therapeutic modalities in a much shorter time than in human patients. The identification of biomarkers for tumour subtypes, progression and treatment response paves the way for the development of novel therapeutic and diagnostic approaches. This review addresses the similarities between CMT and HBC and the molecular signatures identified in CMT samples that have been explored to date. We proposed a detailed molecular exploration of the CMT stroma using state-of-the-art methods in transcriptomics and proteomics. Using CMT as an analog for HBC not only helps to understand the complexities of the disease, but also to advance comparative oncology to the next level to prove the claim of dogs as a valid translational model.

[Effects of the oxitetracycline in the increase of the packed cell volume of cows milk jugs during outbreak of bovine anaplasmosis]. / Efeitos da oxitetraciclina na recomposição do hematócrito de vacas leiteiras durante surto de anaplasmose bovina.

This research was performed to study the effects of oxytetracicline L.A., in unique dose, in the reconstitution of the packed cell volume (PCV) from animals clinically affected by anaplasmosis. Were utilized 152 Holstein Frisian Cows, of first lactation with age group varying between three and four years old. The animals were classified according to the presence of Anaplasma marginale in the circulation and percentage of PCV as: chronic infection (PCVe24%) and clinical (PCV<23%) constituting groups of 117 and 35, respectively. The animals with clinical infection were treated when detected the parasite by microscopy examination in stained thin blood smears and when the PCV were less than 24%; the animals with chronic infection were not treated and maintained like group control of the infection. All treated animals with 20mg.Kg-1 of oxitetracycline showed recuperation increasing for levels close to the physiological parameters. The animals considered with PCV normal for the category, in the day 0, were not treated and had tendency to the fall. The results reveal the activity of the oxytetraciclyne in the recuperation of clinical cases with anemia by bovine anaplasmosis.