A high-performance fluorescent hybrid material for fluorometric detection and removal of toxic Pb(ii) ions from aqueous media: performance and challenges.

Lead(ii) is an extremely toxic heavy metal ion that causes various health problems that are difficult to recover from in many developing countries of the world. Fluorescence-based nanosensors have amazing characteristics such as high sensitivity/selectivity, portability, low detection limit, rapid on-site usability, low cost and capability for removal of heavy metal ions. In this paper, a new fluorescent hybrid material based on silica gel (Bodipy-Si) was developed via a click reaction between alkyne-terminal silica gel and azido-terminal Bodipy. The solid support surface was characterized by various techniques such as SEM, FT-IR, etc. The adsorption and fluorometric properties of the fluorescent nanoparticles were also examined using atomic absorption and fluorescence spectroscopies, and in the presence of metal ions, respectively. The results indicated that the prepared hybrid-fluorescent nanoparticles can be used in the removal and detection of toxic Pb(ii) ions. The limit of detection (LOD) was determined from the fluorescence data as 1.55 × 10-7 M and the maximum adsorption capacity was examined by AAS. The complexometric interactions between Pb(ii) and Bodipy-Si affect the adsorptions of the Pb(ii) metal ion at various concentrations.

A fluorescent sensor-based tripodal-Bodipy for Cu (II) ions: bio-imaging on cells.

A general synthetic method was improved to synthesize a chemosensor based on a tripodal Bodipy (t-BODIPY) structure. The product and its intermediate products were successfully prepared and fully characterized. The metal ion sensing performance of the tripodal compound was evaluated by UV/Vis and fluorescence spectroscopies. According to the obtained data, t-BODIPY is a selective and sensitive fluorescence probe for detection of Cu2+ ions in the presence and in the absence of competing ions. This chemosensor presents relatively a low detection limit of 5.4×10-7 M for Cu2+. Bio-imaging studies on living yeast cells suggest that t-BODIPY has some advantages over other chemosensors to recognize copper (II) ions.

A Novel Fluorescent Chemosensor for cu (II) Ion: Click Synthesis of Dual-Bodipy Including the Triazole Groups and Bioimaging of Yeast Cells.

A fluorescent chemosensor including dual Bodipy units (d-BODIPY) was improved for selective copper (II) sensing in half-aqueous samples. The sensor d-BODIPY has a highly selective and sensitive detection towards Cu (II) over the studied competing for metal cations. The interaction among solutions of Cu (II) and d-BODIPY caused a crucial quenching effect in fluorescence maxima at 548 nm (λex = 470 nm) owing to the electronic trap occurring between the amide and triazole units. The quenching effect without any change in wavelength can be explained by a photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process. The binding constant (Ka) of d-BODIPY with Cu (II) was calculated and also the limit of detection of d-BODIPY for Cu (II) was 1.2 × 10-8 M. In addition, the bio-imaging in the yeast cells suggested that d-BODIPY had an excellent potential to be used to investigate Cu (II).

Cu (II) Chemosensor Based on a Fluorogenic Bodipy-Salophen Combination: Sensitivity and Selectivity Studies.

A new fluorescent chemosensor (Bodipy-S) derived from Bodipy and Salophen was developed. After the characterization of all compounds, the behavior of the chemosensor Bodipy-S toward p, d and f block-metal ions was investigated by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. This chemosensor can selectively detect to Cu (II) in methanol-aqueous solution based on chelation enhanced fluorescence (CHEF) and it almost exhibit to a fluorescence quenching effect with 20-fold. The binding constant of the fluorophore was interpreted by using of the Stern-Volmer method and the complex stoichiometry was defined by using Job's plot. Moreover, the effect of pH was performed by the fluorescence intensities of Bodipy-S in presence of Cu(II) ions. The chemosensor can be successfully used to the detection of Cu(II) in most areas.

Novel magnetite nanoparticle based on BODIPY as fluorescent hybrid material for Ag(I) detection in aqueous medium.

This manuscript describes a highly selective and ultra-sensitive detection of Ag(I) in aqueous solution using amine coated magnetite nanoparticles modified boron-dipyrromethene by spectrofluorometer. Fe3O4 nanoparticles were synthesized by co-precipitation of Fe(2+)and Fe(3+)in an ammonia solution. Amine modified Fe3O4 was prepared by using (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane as silanization agent. The covalent binding of boron-dipyrromethene to amine modified Fe3O4 was confirmed by means of Fourier Transform infrared spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering, UV-vis and fluorimeter measurements and obtained nanoparticle-boron dipyrromethene structure. The binding abilities of nanoparticle-boron dipyrromethene towards different metal ions have been investigated by some spectroscopic methods as UV-vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, Job plot, etc. and the novel surface displayed high selectivity and sensitivity for Ag(I) among all tested metals.

The example of calix[4]pyrrole derivative containing Bodipy unit: fluorometric and colorimetric sensor for F- ion.

A novel chemosensor based on calix[4]pyrrole derivative modified by Bodipy unit has been synthesized, and its complexes with various anions were investigated. The results show that the receptors can selectively recognize biologically important fluoride ions. The binding affinity for fluoride ions was investigated by naked-eye color change, absorption, emission, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The addition of fluoride ions to an acetonitrile solution of chemosensor can result in an obvious color change (brownish yellow color to straw yellow). The stoichiometries between the receptor and fluoride were determined from the molar ratio plots using the UV-visible spectra, which showed evident 1:1. The proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectral data supported the fluoride anion recognition with the disappearance of the amino proton peaks.

Synthesis and spectroscopic-electrochemical properties of novel ratiometric Hg (II) chemosensor containing Bodipy and the N-phenylaza-15-crown-5 moiety.

The aryl-amine containing azacrown ether ring and alkyl-chloro boradiazaindacene (Bodipy) were synthesized by Schiff base condensation. The absorption and emission of a novel Schiff base derivative (based on azacrown-Bodipy ) were performed in presence of different cations such as Zn2+, Ga3+, Pb2+, Hg2+, NH4+ Ca2+, Cu2+, Na+, Ni2+, Cd2+ and Cr3+. The complexation property of the Schiff base was studied in dimethylformamide (DMF) by interacting azacrown-ether group and transition metal nitrates-ammonium chloride. The electrochemical behavior of the Schiff base has also been investigated by cyclic voltammetry. All experimental results indicated that the new compound act as a selective ratiometric chemosensor for Hg2+.

Complexation properties and synthesis of a novel Schiff base with triphenylene nucleus.

We presented the synthesis of a novel Schiff base and its complexation properties with some transition metal ions in this work. For this, the 2,3,4,6,7,10,11 hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP) as starting material was synthesized according to known procedure. Moreover, the 2-((2-chloroethylimino)methyl) phenol material was prepared with reaction of salicylaldehyde and 2-chloroethylamine hydrochloride. To give the 2,3,4,6,7,10,11-hexakis(salicyliminoethoxy)triphenylene (HSE-TP) as a novel Schiff base, the HHTP were treated with 2-((2-chloroethylimino)methyl)phenol in acetone media. Complexation properties of this Schiff base were investigated towards Ni(II), Cu(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Pd(II) and Cd(II) as transition metals. The structures of these new compounds (ligand and complexes) were characterized with FT-IR, magnetic susceptibility measurement, thermal methods (TGA), (1)H NMR and elemental analyses.