Molecular characterization of Fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae by ISSR and RAPD markers on eggplant.

Fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae is a major soil-borne pathogen of eggplant (Solanum melongena). ISSR and RAPD markers were used to characterize Fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae isolates collected from eggplant fields in southern Turkey. Those isolates were not pathogenic to tomato. Pathogens were identified by their morphology, and their identity was confirmed by PCR amplification using the specific primer PF02-3. The isolates were classified into groups on the basis of ISSR and RAPD fingerprints, which showed a level of genetic specificity and diversity not previously identified in Fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae, suggesting that genetic differences are related to the pathogen in the Mediterranean region. The primers selected to characterize Fusarium oxysporum f. melongenae may be used to determine genetic differences and pathogen virulence. This study is the first to characterize eggplant F. oxysporum species using ISSR and RAPD.

[Isolation and identification of atypic mycobacteria and diagnosis by biochemical tests]. / Atipik mikobakterilerin izolasyon, idantifikasyon be biyosimik testlerle tanisi.

In this study, 3350 samples sent to Microbiology Institute Tuberculosis Laboratory from various clinics between 1976--1979 were examined for mycobacteria. From these samples, 124 M. tuberculosis var. hominis, and 9 strains of atypic mycobacteria were isolated. In this rather limited study, percentage of atypic mycobacteria isolated from persons come from different parts of this country was (% 0,25). The ratio of atypic mycobacteria to mycobacteria isolated was 7%.

[Serological relationship between candida and salmonella]. / Candida'larla Salmonella'lar arasindaki serolojik iliskiler.

To investigate the reported relationship among certain candida and Salmonella C1 group O antigen, an antigen and antiserum from C. albicans strain, isolated in our institute from patient, and another antigen and antiserum prepared from S. cholera suis strain were used. On the other hand C. melinii, which does not share any antigen with Salmonella, and S. newport antigen and antiserum, sharing no antigen with C. albicans were used as negative controls. C. albicans antigen and antiserum available in our institute, gave positive results with Salmonella C1 group O antigen and antiserum. The same titers were obtained as in the literature reports.

[The results in our tuberculosis laboratory with penicillin blood agar medium]. / Tüberküloz laboratuvarimizda penisilinli kanli agar ile elde ettigimiz sonuçlar

A comparison of Löwenstein - Jensen and penicillin blood agar media, which can be prepared in small laboratories, is made in routine diagnostic cultivations of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis. Tubercle bacilli grown in Löwenstein - Jensen medium were inoculated in Löwenstein - Jensen and penicillin blood agar media in numbers of 100.000, 10.000, 1000 and 100 bacilli and their growth was detected in each medium. It was found that the growth in both media was the same Inoculations were made from 153 sputum specimens to each medium and 5 positive growth were obtained. 3 out of positive cultures were grown on both media, the other 2 positives were grown only on penicillin blood agar. None of the media showed contaminations. These findings suggest that the penicillin blood agar medium has at least the same, or even better qualities than the Löwenstein - Jensen medium.

[Identification of mycobacteria strains isolated in our laboratory 1972-1975]. / 1972 - 1975 yillarinda laboratuvarimizda izole ettigimiz Mikobakteri suslarinin idantifikasyonu

111 (3,34%) acid-fast bacteria were found by direct, and 128 (3.86%) acid-fast bacteria by homogenisation methods, in 3315 specimens sent to the tuberculosis laboratory of our institute from various clinics of Gülhane Military Medical Academy, between October 11, 1972 and December 31, 1975. It was found that there was no great difference between the direct and the homogenisation methods, provided that these tests are carried out with great care. After the isolation of 128 mycobacteria from 3315 specimens by culturing in Löwenstein-Jensen medium they were typed by niacin, nitrate reduction, catalase, and peroxydase reactions. It was found that 124 out of 128 strains were M. tuberculosis var. bovis, atypical and saprophytic mycobacteria (3.125%).

[The production and standardization of streptolysin-O]. / Streptolizin-o elde edilmesi ve standardizasyonu

The production of streptolysin-O by using the S84 strain of beta hemolytic streptococcus is explained. The Rantz-Randall and Hartley media with the Gooder method have been used because better results could be obtained in a shorter time and it was more economical. In obtaining a potent streptolysin-O not only the method but the strains and media must be taken into consideration. The hemolytic potency of the obtained streptolysin-O is within the necessary limits and there is no need to concentrate it. The pH of the media was adjusted 5-6 hours after the culture began because the formed acid during the growth of streptococci decreased the growth of the organism and its toxin yield. The toxin was stored in the deepfreeze for daily use. In ASO tests it was subjected to a reduction process with sistein-L for 10-30 minutes.