RESUMO
The aim of this study is to evaluate risk factors contributing to the development of ototoxicity in children who received platinum-based chemotherapy for malignancies located in the head and neck region. Eighty-four children who received platinum-based chemotherapy were included. Audiologic evaluations were performed before and after each chemotherapy session through pure tone audiometry, distortion product otoacoustic emissions, and auditory brainstem response tests. Ototoxicity was evaluated using Brock, Muenster, and Chang classifications. Factors such as cranial irradiation, cumulative doses of cisplatin, age, sex, cotreatment with aminoglycosides, schedule of platinum, and type of chemotherapeutic agent were analyzed. Using χ2 tests, all risk factors were matched with the 3 ototoxicity classifications, and multivariate analyses were conducted using statistically significant risk factors. In univariate analyses, being between 5 and 12 years of age, cranial irradiation and being treated with both cisplatin and carboplatin were found to be related to ototoxicity in all 3 classifications. Logistic regression modeling analyses with these 3 risk factors showed that being between 5 and 12 years of age and being treated with both cisplatin and carboplatin significantly increased the risk of ototoxicity.
