Ancoragem com mini-implante para distalização de molares inferiores / Mini-implant anchorage for distal movement of mandibular molars

Intodução: A distalização de molares inferiores é um dos procedimentos mais difíceis de alcançar com ortodontia convencional. Objetivo: Apresentar um caso clínico de distalização de dentes posteriores na mandíbula, com ancoragem em mini-implante ortodôntico, visando recuperar espaço e posicionar o canino que estava fora do arco dentário em posição vestibularizada. Conclusão: O mini-implante ortodôntico demonstrou efetividade na ancoragem absoluta para distalização de molares, alcançando um resultado estável e com menos efeitos colaterais que o uso de ortodontia convencional.

Introduction: Mandibular molar distalization is a very difficult procedure on conventional orthodontics. Objective: Report a case of lower molars distalization to correct a canine buccal position with orthodontic mini-implant. Conclusion: The orthodontic mini-implant was effectiveness in absolute anchorage for mandibular molars distal movement, and an esthetic result was possible with less collateral effects than conventional orthodontics.

Genetic affinities between trans-oceanic populations of non-buoyant macroalgae in the high latitudes of the Southern Hemisphere.

Marine biologists and biogeographers have long been puzzled by apparently non-dispersive coastal taxa that nonetheless have extensive transoceanic distributions. We here carried out a broad-scale phylogeographic study to test whether two widespread Southern Hemisphere species of non-buoyant littoral macroalgae are capable of long-distance dispersal. Samples were collected from along the coasts of southern Chile, New Zealand and several subAntarctic islands, with the focus on high latitude populations in the path of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current or West Wind Drift. We targeted two widespread littoral macroalgal species: the brown alga Adenocystisutricularis (Ectocarpales, Heterokontophyta) and the red alga Bostrychiaintricata (Ceramiales, Rhodophyta). Phylogenetic analyses were performed using partial mitochondrial (COI), chloroplast (rbcL) and ribosomal nuclear (LSU / 28S) DNA sequence data. Numerous deeply-divergent clades were resolved across all markers in each of the target species, but close phylogenetic relationships - even shared haplotypes - were observed among some populations separated by large oceanic distances. Despite not being particularly buoyant, both Adenocystisutricularis and Bostrychiaintricata thus show genetic signatures of recent dispersal across vast oceanic distances, presumably by attachment to floating substrata such as wood or buoyant macroalgae.