RESUMO
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes memory and cognitive deficits. The present study was carried out to evaluate the protective effects of fucoidan in monocrotophos induced AD in Drosophila melanogaster. In silico studies showed that fucoidan exhibited binding energy of -9.3 kcal with proteins. Consistent with this, fucoidan, in a dose and time-dependent fashion, had inhibitory activity against cholinergic and monoamine-metabolized enzymes in vitro. Fucoidan inhibited the increase in total mRNA and protein in monocrotophos fed flies and prevented changes in biochemicals, neurochemicals and latency time of locomotor, learning and memory induced by monocrotophos. Together, the findings show that fucoidan serves a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer's disease model in D. melanogaster.
Assuntos
Doença de Alzheimer/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/uso terapêutico , Polissacarídeos/farmacologia , Polissacarídeos/uso terapêutico , Animais , Encéfalo/efeitos dos fármacos , Encéfalo/metabolismo , Simulação por Computador , Modelos Animais de Doenças , Drosophila melanogaster , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Aprendizagem em Labirinto/efeitos dos fármacos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Monocrotofós , Neurotransmissores/metabolismo , Células PC12 , RatosRESUMO
A nanopesticide formulation was developed using chitosan and a botanical pesticide PONNEEM® and its antifeedant, larvicidal and growth regulating activities were screened against Helicoverpa armigera, a major lepidopteran pest. Chitosan nanoparticles (CSNs) were prepared by using two different cross-linking agents namely glutaraldehyde (GLA) and tripolyphosphate (TPP). The effects of cross linking agents on CSNs and the biological properties against the insect pest were also studied. Cross linking of chitosan with either TPP or GLA was confirmed through Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Electron micrograph revealed that the size of CSNs varied from 32 to 90nm. The stability of nanoparticles lasted for 9days in CSNs-TPP-PONNEEM. In CSNs-GLA-PONNEEM, the stability of nanoparticles was higher. CSNs-TPP-PONNEEM treatment recorded 88.5% antifeedant activity and 90.2% larvicidal activity against H. armigera. Weights of H. armigera pupae in CSNs-TPP-PONNEEM treatment were significantly low. Chitosan-based nano-pesticide formulation holds great promise in H. armigera management.