[The structure of pathogenic germline variants in colorectal cancer in Moscow patients]. / Struktura patogennykh germinal'nykh variantov pri kolorektal'nom rake v vyborke patsientov Moskvy.

OBJECTIVE: Describe the structure of pathogenic germline variants and clinical and anatomical features in colorectal cancer patients in Moscow. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The whole genome sequencing results of patients with suspected hereditary cancer syndrome were evaluated. All identified genetic variants were validated using Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The study included 238 patients with colorectal cancer, 41/238 (17.2%) patients have pathogenic germline variants associated with hereditary cancer syndromes or increased cancer risk. Lynch syndrome accounts for 8% of all colorectal cancer cases (19/238), and familial adenomatous polyposis - 1.7% (4/238). 5 new genetic variants were described for the first time in a Russian colorectal cancer patients: MLH1 c.1921dup (p.Leu641fs), APC c.2929C>T (p.Gln977Ter), PMS2 c.327del (p.Ala110LeufsTer2), MSH2 c.1857dup (p. Val620CysfsTer24), ATM c.895G>T (p.Glu299Ter). In 197 of 238 patients, no significant variants were identified or variants with an uncertain clinical underlying cause were identified. CONCLUSION: According to the results of the study, an earlier manifestation of a malignant neoplasm and a more frequent occurrence of high-grade carcinomas in the presence of pathogenic germline mutations were noted compared to the group of patients without clinically significant varianrs, while in the group with identified mutations, the frequency of regional and distant metastasis was not increased.

[Primary delayed growth of the right and left atrial myxoma]. / Pervichno otsrochennyi vo vremeni rost miksom pravogo i levogo predserdii.

There is more than 58-year experience of surgical treatment of patients with intracardiac myxomas at the Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery. Primary delayed growth of the right and left atrial myxoma after 21 years and 5 months was observed only in 1 (0.36%) patient. Transthoracic echocardiography was used for diagnosis of tumors. Tumors were totally resected including adjacent parts of myocardium or subendocardial tissue with subsequent cautery. In-hospital mortality was absent. There were no recurrent myxomas throughout subsequent 10-year follow-up.

[NON-RESECTOSCOPIC ABLATION OF ENDOMETRY IN BENIGN UTERINE DISEASES (REVIEW)].

Objective - to conduct a systematic analysis of the data available in the modern literature on non-rectoscopic endometrial ablation (NRAE). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The review includes data from world studies for the last 7 years. RESULTS: second generation systems based on different surgical energies and parameters of their performance. Presents the results of evaluating the effectiveness of devices and patient satisfaction; studies of possible complications, frequency of repeated operations, contraception. CONCLUSION: Analysis of the literature data showed that the devices have high efficiency indicators, in particular, up to 97.1%, undesirable consequences are rare. NRAE in case it is an alternative to hysterectomy. It is necessary to introduce NRAE into practical health care as a method capable of providing organ-preserving treatment to a woman.

[Immunohistochemical study of adhesive molecules Her-2/neu in nonendometrial carcinoma of corpus uteri].

46 cases of nonendometrial carcinoma of the corpus uteri have been studied. The expressions of E-cadherin, alpha and beta-catenins were detected by immunohistochemical method. The high level of studied markers expression was founded out in clear cell carcinoma, whereas the less expression was detected in the corpus uteri of patients with serous, papillary, undifferentiated and mixed cancer. The absence of E-cadherin, alpha and beta-catenins complex expression correlated with unfavorable clinic-morphological features of carcinoma.

[Diagnostic effectiveness of nutrient media for the bacteriological detection of enterobacteria].

The effectiveness of new nutrient media intended for the differential isolation of pathogenic and opportunistic enterobacteria (SS agar), as well as for the preliminary identification of enterobacteria, was determined on a wide range the strains of the family Enterobacteriaceae. The comparative evaluation of SS agar and Ploskirev's bactoagar was carried out. The newly developed medium was shown to have advantage in its differentiating and inhibiting properties. The clinical trials of the media, carried out in this study, revealed high detection rate and exceedingly exact differentiation of lactose-negative lactose-positive enterobacteria, as well as 100% coincidence of the results obtained on the nutrient medium for the preliminary identification of enterobacteria and on laboratory-made control media.

[Development and diagnostic value evaluation of a nutrient medium for the yield and isolation of hemoculture].

The effectiveness of the bacteriological study of the blood depends in many aspects on the quality of nutrient media. The currently approved nutrient media for the isolation and yield of hemocultures have low isolation rates and require prolonged time for the isolation of causative agents. A two-phase nutrient medium for the yield and isolation of hemoculture has been developed. This medium has been found to have advantages over the control "double medium" in sensitivity, yield effect, growth rate and isolation rate with respect to the causative agents of bacteriemia and sepsis. The medium is standard and ready for use. The above-mentioned advantages of the medium increase the quality of the bacteriological diagnosis of bacteriemia and sepsis.

[The epidemiological characteristics of cholera in the Republic of Dagestan. An assessment of the epidemic-control measures]. / Epidemiologicheskie osobennosti kholery v Respublike Dagestan. Otsenka nekotorykh protivoépidemicheskikh meropriiatii.

Retrospective analysis of epidemic cholera manifestations was made in Daghestan using the data of operative epidemic analysis of the break in 1994. Unexpected prolongation of epidemic process of cholera for Daghestan, which was imported by pilgrims from Southern-Western Asia, has been shown using climate-geographical social-demographical and sanitary-hygienic peculiarities. Common laws of development of epidemic complications were demonstrated, as well as the main ways of infection transmission of great number of Daghestan settlements in epidemic process. The importance of antiepidemic means and significant role of created specialized antiepidemic groups have been emphasized in rapid carrying out of means in infection focus, including massive investigation of people in settlements.