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1.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 145(12): 1507-1513, dic. 2017. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-902475

RESUMO

Background Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women in the world. In 2005, it was incorporated to the Explicit Guaranties Health System (GES) in Chile. Aim To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients and to determine the effect of incorporating these women to GES. Material and Methods Medical records of 5,119 women with breast cancer aged 59 ± 14 years, attended at six public hospitals between 2000 and 2010 were reviewed. Median follow up was 87 months (range 1-182). Mortality was assessed using death certificates obtained at the National Identification Registry. Results Sixty six percent of women were in stage I-II, 29% in stage III and 5% in stage IV. Surgery was performed in 4023/5119 cases (79%), adyuvant radiotherapy in 3627/4517 cases (80%), chemotherapy in 3,204/3,424 cases (94%) and hormone therapy in 1,695/2,375 cases (71%). Between 2000 and 2010, there was a significant increase in the proportion of cases in stage I, from 8% to 25%, (p < 0.01). Overall survival (OS) increased 1% per year, since the beginning of GES system (p = 0.024). Five year OS was 75.1%. The figures for Stage I, II, III and IV were 93, 84, 62 and 27% respectively (p < 0.01). Patients without lymph node involvement and who were not triple negative, had a significantly better OS. Conclusions There was a significant increase in stage I cases, and a 1% per year OS improvement after GES system started, compared with the previous period.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Adulto Jovem , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Carcinoma/mortalidade , Carcinoma/terapia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Tempo , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Chile/epidemiologia , Prontuários Médicos , Resultado do Tratamento , Distribuição por Idade , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Estadiamento de Neoplasias
2.
Rev Med Chil ; 145(12): 1507-1513, 2017 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29652946

RESUMO

Background Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women in the world. In 2005, it was incorporated to the Explicit Guaranties Health System (GES) in Chile. Aim To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of breast cancer patients and to determine the effect of incorporating these women to GES. Material and Methods Medical records of 5,119 women with breast cancer aged 59 ± 14 years, attended at six public hospitals between 2000 and 2010 were reviewed. Median follow up was 87 months (range 1-182). Mortality was assessed using death certificates obtained at the National Identification Registry. Results Sixty six percent of women were in stage I-II, 29% in stage III and 5% in stage IV. Surgery was performed in 4023/5119 cases (79%), adyuvant radiotherapy in 3627/4517 cases (80%), chemotherapy in 3,204/3,424 cases (94%) and hormone therapy in 1,695/2,375 cases (71%). Between 2000 and 2010, there was a significant increase in the proportion of cases in stage I, from 8% to 25%, (p < 0.01). Overall survival (OS) increased 1% per year, since the beginning of GES system (p = 0.024). Five year OS was 75.1%. The figures for Stage I, II, III and IV were 93, 84, 62 and 27% respectively (p < 0.01). Patients without lymph node involvement and who were not triple negative, had a significantly better OS. Conclusions There was a significant increase in stage I cases, and a 1% per year OS improvement after GES system started, compared with the previous period.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/mortalidade , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Carcinoma/mortalidade , Carcinoma/terapia , Programas Nacionais de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Garantia da Qualidade dos Cuidados de Saúde/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Neoplasias da Mama/diagnóstico , Carcinoma/diagnóstico , Chile/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Prontuários Médicos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
3.
Rev. chil. cir ; 67(1): 57-60, feb. 2015. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-734739

RESUMO

Background: Live Donor Laparoscopic Nephrectomy (LDLN) has substantial benefits when compared with open nephrectomy such as shorter hospital stay, prompt return to work, less post-operative pain, better cosmetic results, less blood loss and less surgical wound infections. It is the mode of choice for safely harvesting a kidney for organ transplantation. Aim: To describe the surgical results of LDLN in a pioneer renal transplant center in Chile. Material and Methods: Review of clinical records of 75 subjects aged 27 to 60 years (37 males) subjected to a LDLN in a public hospital between 1998 and 2013. Information about clinical and surgical data and perioperative complications was retrieved. Results: No subject died. All kidneys were satisfactorily implanted in their receptors. The mean operative time was 116 minutes. Mean hospital stay was 1.6 days, warm ischemia time was 6.8 minutes, and cold ischemia time was 31.5 minutes. Operative adverse events occurred in 8 percent. The conversion and reoperation rates were 4 and 1.3 percent, respectively. Among receptors, 1.5 percent evolved with Acute Tubular Necrosis and 2.2 percent required graft excision. Conclusions: LDLN is a safe and pioneering surgical technique in Chile. Its results are satisfactory and comparable to those obtained with classic lumbotomy.


Introducción: El trasplante renal es en la actualidad el tratamiento de elección de la Insuficiencia Renal Crónica Terminal. La Nefrectomía Laparoscópica del Donante Vivo (NLDV) tiene ventajas sustanciales en relación a la Nefrectomía Clásica. Entre estas se destacan una menor estancia hospitalaria, pronto regreso a la actividad laboral, disminución del dolor post-operatorio, mejores resultados cosméticos, menor pérdida de volumen sanguíneo y una disminución de infecciones de heridas operatorias, consolidándose como la primera prioridad como forma de obtener un órgano para trasplante renal. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo mostrar la casuística y complicaciones en el Hospital Barros Luco-Trudeau (HBLT), como centro pionero en NLDV en nuestro país. Material y Método: Estudio retrospectivo de corte transversal. Se realiza una revisión de registros clínicos de 75 NLDV realizadas entre 1998-2013, seleccionando datos demográficos, clínicos y quirúrgicos de donantes y receptores, con un especial énfasis en relación a complicaciones peri-operatorias. Resultados: Sin mortalidad. Todos los riñones fueron implantados satisfactoriamente en sus respectivos receptores. Cirugía con duración promedio de 116 min, estadía hospitalaria promedio de 1,6 días, isquemia caliente promedio de 6,8 min e isquemia fría promedio de 31,5 min. Incidentes operatorios 8 por ciento y 4 por ciento conducentes a conversión. Tasa de reoperación de 1,3 por ciento. En cuanto a receptores, un 1,5 por ciento desarrolla Necrosis Tubular Aguda. 2,2 por ciento requiere transplantectomía. Discusión: La NLDV representa una técnica segura, que ha llegado a constituir el 100 por ciento de las nefrectomías de donantes vivos realizadas durante los últimos tres años. Los resultados son satisfactorios y plenamente comparables a los resultados obtenidos por lumbotomía clásica y de otros centros de alto volumen laparoscópico a nivel internacional.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transplante de Rim , Laparoscopia , Doadores Vivos , Nefrectomia/estatística & dados numéricos , Nefrectomia/métodos , Estudos Transversais , Tempo de Internação , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Estudos Retrospectivos
4.
Rev. chil. nutr ; 39(2): 144-150, June 2012. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-646983

RESUMO

Introducción: Las vitaminas son nutrientes que tienen múltiples beneficios para nuestro organismo, lo que hace que se utilicen para enriquecer alimentos con el fin de aumentar su aporte nutricional. Objetivo: Determinar si la ingesta de alimentos fortificados sobrepasa las recomendaciones dietarías (RDA) y el Nivel Máximo de Ingesta Tolerable (UL). Métodos: Se identificaron los 213 alimentos fortificados del mercado. Se aplicó una encuesta alimentaria utilizando un set fotográfico a 298 estudiantes secundarios de ambos sexos de la Región Metropolitana. Se calculó la ingesta de nutrientes y sobre el resultado se agregó las vitaminas fortificadas en los alimentos. Resultados: Los hombres superan la ingesta para todas las vitaminas, en cambio las mujeres presentan un déficit en la B12. Las vitaminas cuya ingesta supera la UL son, folato 27,5%, B3 16,4%, Vitamina A 7,8% y B6 1,6%. Conclusión: Todas las vitaminas analizadas superan las recomendaciones a excepción de la B12 en mujeres y vitaminas como folato, B3, B6 y vitamina A, superan la UL.


Introduction: Vitamins are nutrients that have multiple benefits for our body which are used to enrich foods to increase nutritional intake. Objective: To determine whether the intake of fortified foods exceeded dietary recommendations (RDA) and tolerable upper intake level (UL). Methods: 213 fortified foods on the market were identified. An alimentary survey was performed using a photographic set of298foods in high school males and females students from Metropolitan Region. The intake of nutrients was calculated and the fortified vitamins on foods were added. Results: Men exceeded recommended intake for all vitamins, whereas women have a deficit in B12 Vitamin. Vitamins whose intake exceeds the UL are, folate, 27.5%, B3 vitamin 16.4%, A vitamin 7.8% and B6 vitamin 1.6%. Conclusion: All tested vitamins exceeded recommendations except for B1vitamins in women; folate; B3, B6 and A vitamin exceed the UL.


Assuntos
Adolescente , Estudantes , Alimentos Fortificados , Ingestão de Alimentos , Inquéritos Nutricionais , Ensino Fundamental e Médio , Dieta Saudável , Chile
5.
Rev. chil. cir ; 63(2): 200-203, abr. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-582973

RESUMO

Cutaneous necrosis is a rare but serious complication, among patients treated with warfarin or acenocumarol derivatives. We report a 71 years old female with a history of deep venous thrombosis, receiving acenocumarol for three months. The treatment was discontinued, but had to be restarted, due to a new episode of thrombosis. Three days after restarting acenocumarol, the patient consulted for ecchymosis and pain of the right foot. At physical examination, there was distal cyanosis and absence of distal pulses. The patient was subjected to an embolectomy with the suspicion of an acute arterial occlusion, but no emboli were found. Due to the possibility of a cutaneous necrosis caused by Acenocumarol, the medication is discontinued. The cutaneous lesions progressed and eight days after the failed embolectomy, a gangrene of the right foot was diagnosed. The patient did not accept amputation dying fourteen days after the first intervention.


A propósito un caso registrado, se resume la historia clínica y se revisa la literatura, dada la escasa frecuencia de esta complicación derivada del tratamiento por anticoagulantes orales. La necrosis cutánea es un evento adverso raro, pero serio, de la anticoagulación con derivados de acenocumarol o warfarina. Se comunicó por primera vez en 1943. La incidencia de la necrosis cutánea inducida por anticoagulantes orales es de 0,01 al 0,1 por ciento de los pacientes tratados. El número de casos publicados en el mundo es de aproximadamente 300, y menos de 100 en lengua inglesa en las últimas tres décadas. Este trabajo reporta el caso de una paciente que presenta necrosis cutánea en hombro izquierdo y pierna derecha.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Idoso , Acenocumarol/efeitos adversos , Anticoagulantes/efeitos adversos , Necrose/induzido quimicamente , Pele/patologia , Administração Oral , Acenocumarol/administração & dosagem , Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Evolução Fatal , Gangrena/induzido quimicamente , Ombro/patologia , Pé/patologia , Varfarina/efeitos adversos
6.
Rev. chil. cir ; 63(2): 207-210, abr. 2011. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-582975

RESUMO

We report a 71 years old male with high blood pressure. During the postoperative follow up after a prostatectomy for a benign prostate hyperplasia, a pulsatile mass was palpated in the left inguinal region. A chest, abdomen and lower limb AngioTC, disclosed a unique sacular aneurysm in the left common femoral artery. The patient was subjected to a surgical excision of the aneurysm, with a favorable postoperative evolution.


Se comunica el caso de un paciente de 71 años, de sexo masculino, hipertenso, a quien en el postoperatorio de prostatectomia por hiperplasia benigna de la próstata, le fue palpada una masa pulsátil inguinal izquierda. La AngioTAC mostró una dilatación sacular única de la arteria femoral común, la que fue resecada con éxito.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Aneurisma/cirurgia , Artéria Femoral/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Vasculares , Aneurisma/diagnóstico , Aterosclerose/complicações , Fluxo Pulsátil
8.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 77(5): 456-465, oct. 2006. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-464259

RESUMO

La menarquia se ha adelantado progresivamente desde mediados del siglo XIX, hecho conocido como tendencia secular de la menarquia, fenómeno que parece ser una característica evolutiva del ser humano en relación al mejoramiento de las condiciones de vida. Sin embargo, durante los últimos treinta años la edad de la menarquia se ha mantenido estable. A diferencia de la menarquia, la telarquia está ocurriendo a una edad más precoz que hace algunas décadas y es frecuente encontrar casos de telarquia aislada en niñas menores de 8 años. En el varón, en cambio, no hay evidencias de que su desarrollo esté ocurriendo más tempranamente. En el presente artículo, se discute la etiología del adelanto puberal y los factores que se deben tomar en cuenta en las pacientes para decidir un eventual estudio y tratamiento.


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Humanos , Puberdade Precoce/epidemiologia , Puberdade Precoce/etiologia , Puberdade Precoce/fisiopatologia , Fatores Etários , Chile , Menarca
9.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 77(4): 375-381, ago. 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-436751

RESUMO

Introducción: En los últimos años, se ha visto un aumento en la incidencia de DM1 en niños. Objetivo: Determinar frecuencia y características clínicas y de laboratorio al debut de DM1 en niños chilenos menores de 5 años, comparado con los de mayor edad. Pacientes y Métodos: Se estudiaron los datos clínicos y de laboratorio de pacientes que debutaron entre 1998-2003 en cuatro centros de Santiago. Se clasificaron en 3 grupos etarios (G): 0-4 (GI), 5-9 (GII) y 10-14 años (GIII) y se compararon según los parámetros descritos. Resultados: Un 19,7 por ciento de los pacientes eran menores de 5 años; GI (n = 27), seguido de aquéllos pertenecientes a GII (43,8 por ciento; n = 60) y GIII (36,5 por ciento; n = 50). El periodo de síntomas previo al diagnóstico fue más corto en GI; 18,4 ± 23,7 vs 26,4 ± 27,4 y 40,1 ± 60 días (p < 0,0001) y su nivel de HbA1c fue más baja; 10,1 ± 1,7 vs 11,8 ± 3,4 por ciento en GII (p < 0,0001) y 12,4 ± 2,6 por ciento en GIII (p = 0,028), respectivamente. No hubo diferencias en la glicemia inicial entre los grupos. La acidosis metabólica fue mayor en GI; pH 7,14 ± 0,1 vs 7,19 ± 0,2 (GII) y 7,26 ± 0,1 (GIII) (p < 0,0001) y presentaron más infecciones concomitantes (33 por ciento, 20 y 28 por ciento respectivamente; p > 0,05). Conclusiones: Un porcentaje importante de las DM1 se inicia en niños < 5 años. Este grupo presenta un cuadro más grave, con mayor acidosis, menores niveles de HbA1c y periodo previo de síntomas, por lo que debe existir alerta para el diagnóstico en este grupo etario.


Background: During the last years, an increase in the incidence of DM1 in infants has been observed. Objective: to study the number of children younger than 5 years-old diagnosed with DM1 and compare clinical and laboratory features with older children at DM1 onset. Method: Study of the clinical and laboratory characteristics in subjects diagnosed with DM1 from 1998 to 2003 in Santiago. Patients were classified according to age in 3 groups: 0-4 (GI), 5-9 (GII) and 10-14 years-old (GIII). Results: 19,7 percent cases were younger than 5 years-old (GI n = 27), GII (43,8 percent n = 60) and GIII (36,5 percent n = 50). A shorter duration of symptoms was observed in GI (18,4 ± 23,7 vs 26,4 ± 27,4) (p < 0,0001) and HbA1c levels were lower in GII (10,1 ± 1,7 vs 11,8 ± 3,4 percent) (p < 0,0001) and in GIII (12,4 ± 2,6 percent) (p = 0,028). Glucose levels were similar among groups (p>0,05) and metabolic acidosis was more severe in GI (pH 7,14 ± 0,1 vs 7,19 ± 0,2 in GII and 7,26 ± 0,1 in GIII) (p < 0,0001). A concomitant infectious disease was observed in GI (33 percent), GII (20 percent) and GIII (28 percent) (p > 0,05). Conclusions: An important percentage of DM1 in children presents in subjects younger than 5 years-old. This group showed acute and severe clinical presentation with longer duration of symptoms, severe acidosis and lower HbA1c levels. It is necessary to evaluate carefully in order to suspect the diagnosis in this group.

11.
Rev. chil. dermatol ; 22(4): 242-246, 2006. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-460864

RESUMO

La Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide con Eosinofilia (HALE) es una proliferación vascular benigna, poco frecuente, que se caracteriza por nódulos localizados preferentemente en el cuero cabelludo, región periauricular y cuello, en adultos jóvenes. La histopatología muestra proliferación de vasos sanguíneos con endotelio prominente, acompañada de un infiltrado inflamatorio que incluye eosinófilos y linficitos. El tratamientos de elección es la resección quirúrgica; sin embargo, las recurrencias son frecuentes. Se presentan dos casos clínicos, se revisa la literatura y se discute la relación entre HALE y enfermedad de Kimura.


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide com Eosinofilia/diagnóstico , Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide com Eosinofilia/patologia , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide com Eosinofilia/etiologia , Hiperplasia Angiolinfoide com Eosinofilia/terapia
12.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 132(7): 801-808, jul. 2004. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-366579

RESUMO

Background: Recent studies in the United States have demonstrated that a significant proportion of girls show thelarche before the age of eight years. Nutritional status, geographic influences and racial factors are known to affect the timing of puberty. Aim: To evaluate the age of onset of puberty, development of secondary sexual characteristics and menarche in Chilean girls, and its relation to obesity and socioeconomic status. Material and methods: Healthy girls attending elementary school, from first to ninth grade in Santiago, Chile, were studied. A pediatric endocrinologist evaluated pubertal development using Tanner classification. Breast development was assessed by inspection and breast palpation. Average age of onset of pubertal events was determined by probit analysis. Results: A total of 758 girls, aged 5.8 to 16.1 years, were recruited. Obesity, defined as a BMI greater than 90th percentile, was found in 24.4 percent. The age of menarche was 12.7 years, the onset of Tanner stage 2 breast development and pubic hair was at 8.9 and 10.4 years, respectively. Sixteen percent of girls aged 7 to 7,9 years, had thelarche. Upper class girls showed a later onset of breast Tanner stage 4 stage than low-middle class girls. Obesity was not found in logistic regression analysis to be a significant predictive factor in the onset of puberty. Conclusions: The age of menarche has not changed in the last thirty years, but an earlier onset of thelarche has occurred. The high frequency of thelarche between 7 and 8 years suggests that the normal age of breast development should be revised.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Puberdade/fisiologia , Chile/epidemiologia , Classe Social , Maturidade Sexual/fisiologia , Menarca
13.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 68(6): 513-518, 2003. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-364387

RESUMO

Se presenta un caso clínico de gestación gemelar monocorial, monoamniótica, la resolución del parto y breve revisión bibliográfica.


Assuntos
Humanos , Líquido Amniótico , Gêmeos Monozigóticos , Gravidez Múltipla , Complicações na Gravidez , Diagnóstico Pré-Natal
14.
Rev. chil. pediatr ; 73(4): 363-368, jul.-ago. 2002. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-325988

RESUMO

Introducción: Existe evidencia en la literatura norteamericana que la edad de inicio de la pubertad en las niñas se estaría adelantando. No existen trabajos que prmitan establecer este hecho en nuestra población. Objetivo: Evaluar la edad de inicio de desarrollo puberal en niños y niñas que asisten a 3 colegios del cector céntrico de Santiago. Sujetos y métodos: Se reclutaron 332 niños , se determinó peso, talla e IMC (peso/talla) y se descartaron los 80 (24 por ciento) con IMC < p10 o > p95, ingresando 252 escolares (131 niñas). Se realizó examen físico y se consideró como inicio de desarrollo puberal la aparición del tejido mamario en las niñas y un volumen testicular de 4 cc o mayor en los varones. Resultados: En el intervalo de edad de7 a 7.49 años habían 2/20 (10 por ciento) niñas con boton mamario, en el de 7.5 a 7.99 4/16 (25 por ciento) y en el de 8 a 8.99 años 9/36 (25 por ciento). En el varón, el primer signo de activación del eje pituitario gonadal aparecio en el grupo de 9 a 9.49 años, similar a lo descrito previamente. Conclusión: La edad de inicio del desarrollo puberal en este grupo de niñas chilenas, se estaría adelantando en relación a la litaratura clásica, mientras que en el varó no se demuestran cambios. Estos resultados sugieren que el inicio del desarrollo mamario en las niñas entre los 7 y 8 años, no debería considerarse siempre como patológico y que habría que reevaluar la definició de pubertad precoz


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Puberdade , Puberdade Precoce , Índice de Massa Corporal , Mama , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Chile , Testículo/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Peso-Estatura
15.
Kinesiologia ; (64): 82-87, sept. 2001. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-313310

RESUMO

Objetivo: Determinar las alteraciones teleradiográficas craneocervicales en pacientes con desplazamiento anterior de disco con reducción. Método: Se realizó un estudio no experimental descriptivo. Se evaluaron 439 pacientes entre 5 y 73 años que consultaron al adontólogo en los consultorios de Talca-Chile, por causa dental. Se extrajo la muestra por conveniencia, quedando constituido un grupo de estudio (pacientes con desplazamiento anterior de disco con reducción (DADR) y un grupo control (sanos), con 25 pacientes cada uno. Se realizó una evaluación clínica a cada grupo y luego se les efectuó una teleradiografía de perfil, la cual fue analizada cefalométricamente a través del análisis propuesto por Mariano Rocabado para investigar las variables de rotación posterior de cráneo y espacios cráneocervicales. Para analizar la lordosis cervical se utilizó el índice de Ishihara. Los resultados se analizaron en forma descriptiva a través de porcentaje. Resultados: De acuerdo a la hipótesis planteada se observó que el 80 por ciento de los pacientes del grupo de estudio presentó un ángulo cráneo vertebral (ACV) alterado del cual el 60 por ciento correspondió a una rotación posterior de cráneo (RPC) y el 40 por ciento una rotación anterior de cráneo (RAC). En relación al índice de Ishihara (ICC), se encontró que el 16 por ciento del grupo control y el 28 por ciento del grupo en estudio presentó un ICC alterado. Conclusión: Existe una tendencia y no un patrón absoluto, entre una alteración del ACV y el DADR. No se encontró relación directa entre el ICC y el DADR


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Pré-Escolar , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Disco da Articulação Temporomandibular , Luxações Articulares , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Cefalometria , Epidemiologia Descritiva , Lordose
16.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 128(10): 1133-8, oct. 2000. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-277207

RESUMO

Jejunal diverticulosis is a very uncommon acquired disease. Clinical manifestations include acute life threatening complication such as perforation, obstruction and bleeding. Jejunal diverticulosis is an extremely rare site of origin of gastrointestinal bleeding, with fewer than seventy cases reported in the literature. We report a 77-year -old patient with a recurrent severe gastrointestinal bleeding manifested by melena and hematochaezia. During the hospitalization the tagged red blood cell scanning was positive for bleeding in the jejunum. At laparotomy, several large-mouthed diverticula at the proximal jejunum were identified. Approximately 30 centimeters of the involved segment was resected with primary end-to-end anastomosis. Postoperative 7 month evolution has been favorable, without any evidence of rebleeding. This report reviews the literature concerning this disease, discusses some diagnostic methods of studying small bowel bleeding and highlights the need to consider this diagnosis in old patients with a gastrointestinal hemorrhage of unknown origin


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiologia , Doenças do Jejuno/complicações , Divertículo/complicações , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/cirurgia , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/diagnóstico , Jejuno/patologia , Doenças do Jejuno , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Divertículo , Divertículo/patologia
18.
Pediatría (Santiago de Chile) ; 41(3/4): 93-7, jul.-dic. 1998.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-267701

RESUMO

Se presenta escolar de 9 años, sexo masculino con una hemorragia subaracnoida secundario a malformación vascular dorsolumbar: Evoluciona con hipovolemia severa, natriuveris y tendencia a la hiponatremia lo que hace plantear Síndrome Cerebral Perdedor de Sal (SCPS). Se manejó con aporte extra de sodio y fármaco con propiedades mineralocorticoides (Fluorhidrocortisona) con lo cual se observa mejoría. Alrededor de 1988 se plantea por primera vez este síndrome, presentándose entre el 9 y el 33 por ciento de los pacientes con hemorragia subaracnoídea. Dado lo difícil que resulta precisar la causa de la hiponetremia en estos pacientes se expone las características clínicas, fisiopatológicas y manejode esta afección


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Criança , Hiponatremia/complicações , Hemorragia Subaracnóidea/complicações , Hiponatremia/metabolismo , Natriurese/fisiologia , Peptídeo Natriurético Encefálico/metabolismo , ATPase Trocadora de Sódio-Potássio/metabolismo , Vasopressinas/metabolismo
19.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 126(8): 943-51, ago. 1998. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-232940

RESUMO

Background: Oligomenorrhea, defined as a menstrual cycle lasting 36 to 90 days, can be a normal condition in the first years after the menarche. When it persists or appears after a period of normal menstrual cycles, an underlying illness must be sought. Aim: To assess ovulation and causes of anovulatory cycles in women with oligomenorrhea, compared with causes of secondary amenorrhea. Patients and methods: One hundred one women of less the 35 years old, presenting with oligomenorrhea persisting 5 years after menarche or lasting more than two years after a period of normal menstrual cycles, were studied. Ovulation was studied measuring serial plasma progesterone during normal or induced (with intramuscular progesterone) menstrual cycles. Results: Eighty nine percent of women had anovulatory oligomenorrhea. The main causes were polycystic ovarian disease in 51percent and hypothalamic dysfunction in 31percent. Thirty percent of women with secondary amenorrhea had polycystic ovarian disease and 14percent had hyperprolactinemia. Women older than 20 years old or with more than 10 years of gynecological age had a higher frequency of polycystic ovarian disease and a lower prevalence of hypothalamic dysfunction. Conclusions: There is a high frequency of anovulatory oligomenorrheas. Therefore, this symptom deserves a thorough endocrinological assessment to uncover underlying diseases. Special attention must be paid to polycystic ovary syndrome, due to its importance in internal medicine as a risk factor for myocardial infarction, high blood pressure, and type 2 diabetes mellitus


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Oligomenorreia/diagnóstico , Oligomenorreia/etiologia , Amenorreia/diagnóstico , Anovulação/fisiopatologia , Doenças Hipotalâmicas/complicações , Ovulação/fisiologia , Síndrome do Ovário Policístico/complicações
20.
Rev Med Chil ; 125(10): 1165-71, 1997 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-9609034

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for 30 to 50% of genital tract infections and is present, without symptoms, in 20% of men and 60% of women. We have little information in Chile about the prevalence of this infection. AIM: To assess the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis in men, using first catch urine samples. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and fifty one first catch urine samples of asymptomatic men and 50 samples coming from men with a primary urethritis, were analyzed. Urethral discharge samples from the latter were simultaneously studied. Analysis was performed using an enzyme immuno analysis (MicroTrak Chlamydia EIA, Syva Co.) and a nested polymerase chain reaction towards the gene that codifies MOMP (PCR/OMP). RESULTS: Among asymptomatic men, two of 154 teenagers aged 18 to 19 years old (1.3%), 10 of 100 university students (10%) and eight of 97 adults over 30 years old (8.2%), were infected. The global prevalence of infection in these men was 5.7%. The prevalence of infection in men with urethritis was 12%. Urine EIA had a higher detection frequency than PCR/OMP, but according to another PCR assay, these results were false positives. EIA in first catch urine, had a sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value of 83.3, 75, 31.3 and 97% respectively, for the detection of Chlamydia trachomatis. The figures for PCR/OMP were 100% for all these parameters. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in Chilean men is similar to that reported in developed countries. Enzyme immuno assay in first catch urine had a good diagnostic accuracy and could be used in epidemiological studies in asymptomatic men.


Assuntos
Infecções por Chlamydia/diagnóstico , Infecções por Chlamydia/urina , Chlamydia trachomatis/isolamento & purificação , Uretrite/diagnóstico , Uretrite/urina , Adolescente , Adulto , Infecções por Chlamydia/epidemiologia , Infecções por Chlamydia/microbiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Prevalência , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Uretrite/epidemiologia , Uretrite/microbiologia
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