Aggressive sebaceous carcinoma of the head.

Cutaneous sebaceous carcinoma (SC) is a rare malignancy deriving from the adnexal epithelium of the sebaceous glands. Periorbital SC is approximately three times more common than extraorbital cutaneous SC. Extraocular SC is reported to be less aggressive than orbital sebaceous carcinoma and rarely metastasizes. We report a case of sebaceous carcinoma of the scalp, characterised by highly aggressive behaviour and huge invasion of the intracranial space. The patient was a 79-year-old woman who developed an infiltrating sebaceous carcinoma followed by lymph-node metastases shortly after excision of the primary lesion, resulting in death. In this case, aggressive biological behaviour was observed in a carcinoma arising in an extraorbital area, although it has traditionally been considered a less aggressive neoplasm.

[So-called "dense-vascularised" peritoneal adhesions: clinical and aetiopathogenetic considerations]. / Le aderenze peritoneali cosiddette carnose: considerazioni cliniche ed etiopatogenetiche.

In the daily clinical practice of surgeons operating electively or, more frequently, in the emergency setting, within the abdominal cavity and pelvis, the detection of an intestinal adhesive disorder is frequent and is capable of causing numerous complications and subsequent reintervention. We report three cases of female patients referred to our observation for bowel subocclusion due to adhesive syndrome. After laparotomy, which revealed the presence of singular tenacious fibrovascular adhesions, the patients were subjected to immunohistochemical and receptor analysis yielding a diagnosis of leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata. The simultaneous combination of high levels of exogenous female hormones (hormone replacement therapy or prolonged exposure to oral contraceptives) or endogenous hormones (as happens during pregnancy), a genetic predisposition (including genetic malformations) and previous surgery (peritoneal trauma), as evidenced in our patients, all seem to play a key role in the pathogenesis of so-called "dense-vascularised", particularly tenacious adhesions responsible for the activation of multipotent mesenchymal submesothelial peritoneal cells. This striking macroscopic picture, when related to the anatomico-pathological description, is the basis of the pathological entity known as leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata.

[Reconstruction of the inguinal ligament in recurrent inguinal hernia using the "three-sheet" technique]. / Ricostruzione del legamento inguinale nelle ernie in g nalirecidive mediante la tecnica a "tre fogli".

Destruction of the groin ligament is an unusual occurrence, often of traumatic or surgical origin. In the event of recurrent inguinal hernia with a destroyed inguinal ligament, the reconstruction of the wall with the surgical techniques currently available yields prognostically unfavourable results with frequent recurrence in only a short space of time. The aim of this report was to present a hernioplasty technique using the "three-sheet" implant involving reduction of the hernia sac and the affixing of two reinforcement nets in Prolene in an attempt to reconstruct the destroyed groin ligament. The three-sheet prosthesis simply consists of three sheets positioned in such a way (two polypropylene prosthesis are sutured one on top of the other perpendicularly and medially) as to form a new inguinal ligament; the first sheet reinforces the wall, reconstructing the posterior wall of the canal, and the second and third sheets support the peritoneum as in a hammock. From September 1995 to July 2006, 11 patients underwent such reconstruction operations in our division, 8 of them for recurrent inguinal hernia for multiple failure, 1 for an inguinal hernia with Cloquet's adenopathy and 2 secondary to femoro-femoral and iliac-femoral by-passes. To date, after a mean follow-up of 5 years, no recurrence has taken place. This method has proved safe and effective, with minimal risk of trauma and complications, and may therefore be indicated for the management of recurrent inguinal hernia with rupture of the inguinal ligament.