RESUMO
The aim of the study is to better understand MRSA environmental contamination in pig holdings in relation to the productive phase and the application of environmental cleaning and disinfection practices (C&D). This study was carried out on six herds. Dust samples from farrowing crates, weaning boxes, growing and finishing pens were collected from each herd environment prior to and after C&D and cultured for MRSA. Ten samples were collected at the end of each productive phase with the animals present and 10 additional samples were collected after C&D, prior to introduction of a new stock. The proportion of positive samples prior to C&D was lower in fattening than in other phases. The proportion of positive samples prior to and after C&D was 121/240 (50%) and 46/240 (19%) respectively. In the mixed effects logistic regression analysis it was shown not only that both productive phase and C&D were associated with the probability of having a positive sample but also that the C&D effect was different in the different productive phases. In particular the effect of C&D was stronger in farrowing crates than in the other productive phases. The results of this study show that, although current practices of cleaning and disinfection reduce MRSA environmental contamination, they are likely to be inadequate to the elimination of the microorganism. However, a strict application of hygienic protocols can lead to a marked reduction of MRSA environmental contamination.
Assuntos
Criação de Animais Domésticos , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/metabolismo , Suínos/microbiologia , Criação de Animais Domésticos/métodos , Criação de Animais Domésticos/normas , Animais , Desinfecção/métodos , Meio Ambiente , FemininoAssuntos
Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/virologia , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/genética , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 2/genética , Variação Genética , Polimorfismo Conformacional de Fita Simples , Regiões 5' não Traduzidas/genética , Animais , Doença das Mucosas por Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina/genética , Bovinos , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 1/fisiologia , Vírus da Diarreia Viral Bovina Tipo 2/fisiologia , Genes Dominantes , MutaçãoAssuntos
Peixes/virologia , Nodaviridae/genética , Animais , Nodaviridae/classificação , Oceanos e MaresAssuntos
Bass , Proteínas do Capsídeo/genética , Oftalmopatias/veterinária , Doenças dos Peixes/virologia , Nodaviridae/genética , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/veterinária , Animais , Proteínas do Capsídeo/química , Oftalmopatias/virologia , Genótipo , Mar Mediterrâneo , Nodaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Filogenia , Infecções por Vírus de RNA/virologia , RNA Viral/química , RNA Viral/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/veterinária , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
A representative prototype of a high-energy, long-pulse, and narrow-bandwidth pulsed CO(2) laser suitable for a spaceborne Doppler wind lidar application has been developed. We obtained 10 J of output energy at greater than 8% efficiency in long, narrow-bandwidth, single-longitudinal, and transverse-mode pulses. We used a positive branch unstable resonator with a fourth-order super-Gaussian mirror as the output coupler. Experiments were carried out to assess the effect of intracavity hard apertures of different diameters that induce diffractive perturbation of the theoretical field and reduce the transverse-mode selectivity of the cavity. An upper limit to the choice of the mirror soft radius has been found, which allows optimization of the trade-off between laser efficiency and beam quality. We determined experimentally that a value of 0.75-0.8 for the ratio between the exp(-1) diameter of the beam intensity and the laser clear aperture gave a single-transverse-mode operation without significant loss of efficiency.
RESUMO
The tocopherol and malonyldialdeyde levels in the erythrocytes of 15 children affected by chronic renal failure, free of therapy, have been studied. Decreased levels of the former and increased of the latter were found. These data indicate red blood cell lipids peroxidation, responsible, at least in part, of the reduced red blood cell survival and of chronic anemia.
Assuntos
Eritrócitos/metabolismo , Falência Renal Crônica/metabolismo , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Malonatos/metabolismo , Malondialdeído/metabolismo , Vitamina E/metabolismo , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoAssuntos
Otosclerose/cirurgia , Complicações na Gravidez/cirurgia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Gravidez , Cirurgia do EstriboRESUMO
PIP: 55 patients aged 20-68 with various forms of genital tract infection or diseases, such as vaginitis or cervicitis, were treated for 12 days with Agena, an antiseptic and antiinflammatory preparation containing benzalkonium chloride and nonoxynol-9. Disappearance or regression of symptoms was noted in all cases, and no side effects were reported. Gynecological examination and bacteriological tests showed evidence of the efficacy and tolerability of the product.^ieng