Características del pie y equilibrio dinámico en basquetbolistas juveniles colombianos / Foot characteristics and dynamic balance in young Colombian basketball players

Introducción En el baloncesto las articulaciones de los miembros inferiores están constantemente sometidas a cambios de dirección, fuerzas de cizallamiento y presión constante, poniendo en riesgo de presentar lesiones. La deficiencia en el equilibrio dinámico se ha definido como un factor de riesgo para lesiones de rodilla y tobillo en estos deportistas; de la misma manera se han atribuido posibles riesgos lesionales a las características morfológicas del pie. Objetivo El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar la relación entre algunas características del pie y el equilibrio dinámico en deportistas de la liga vallecaucana de baloncesto categoría sub-19. Materiales y métodos Cuenta con un diseño descriptivo de tipo correlacional y corte transversal, realizado entre el último trimestre de 2019 y el primer trimestre de 2020. Quince jóvenes pertenecientes a la liga vallecaucana de baloncesto participaron en el estudio, con una masa promedio de 83,6±8,1kg, edad promedio de 19,3±0,7 años y una altura promedio de 180±0,8cm. Las variables de estudio fueron extraídas de los modelos teóricos científicos. Se analizaron las características sociodemográficas, la estabilidad dinámica medida con el Y Balance Test, el tipo de pie con el método Herzco y la presencia del mecanismo de windlass. Resultados Las características del pie se dividieron entre lateralidad y tipo de pie. El 73,3% son diestros y el 26,67% zurdos. Tipo de pie: normal, 53,3%; normal/cavo, 26,7%; cavo, 13,33%; cavo/fuerte, 6,67%. La relación entre el resultado corregido del Y test y el tipo de pie fue: p=0,728 en miembro inferior derecho y p=0,48 en miembro inferior izquierdo. Conclusiones El presente trabajo señala que en la población estudiada no se encuentra relación entre las características del tipo de pie, el equilibrio dinámico y la presencia del mecanismo de windlass (AU)

Introduction In basketball, the joints of the lower limbs are constantly subjected to changes in direction, shear forces and constant pressure, putting them at risk of injury. Dynamic balance deficiency has been defined as a risk factor for knee and ankle injuries in these athletes, and possible injury risks have been attributed to the morphological characteristics of the foot. Objective The objective of the present work was to identify the relationship between some characteristics of the foot, presence of the windlass mechanism and dynamic balance in sportsmen of the Vallecaucana Basketball League, under 19 category. Materials and methods The research study design was descriptive, correlational and cross-sectional, carried out between the last quarter of 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. Fifteen youths from the Vallecaucana Basketball League participated in the study, with an average mass of 83.6±8.1kg, average age of 19.3±.7 years and average height of 180±.8cm. The study variables were extracted from the theoretical scientific models. Sociodemographic characteristics, dynamic stability measured with the Y Balance Test, type of foot with the HERZCO method and presence of the windlass mechanism. Results The characteristics of the foot were divided between laterality and type of foot. Of the players, 73.3% were right-handed and 26.67% left-handed. Type of foot: Normal 53.3%, Normal/cavus 26.7%, cavus 13.33%, cavus/strong 6.67%. Relationship between the corrected result of the Y test and type of foot: p=.728 in lower right limbs and p=.48 lower left limb. Conclusions The present work indicates that in the population studied there is no relationship between the characteristics of type of foot, dynamic balance and presence of the windlass mechanism. However, more studies are needed that can isolate other factors that could determine the impact on balance (AU)

Comparación de velocidad lineal y fuerza en miembros superiores entre deportistas no paralímpicos y paralímpicos con lesión medular / Comparison of linear speed and upper limb strength between non-paralympic and paralympic athletes with spinal cord injury

El rendimiento deportivo considera factores relacionados con el éxito en la ejecución del gesto, como la fuerza y la velocidad, que pueden influir notablemente en la competencia. Dado que los deportistas paralímpicos realizan compensaciones en su práctica deportiva, se requiere evidencia científica que facilite la iniciación y el desempeño de la destreza y habilidad, así como el fundamento de la normativa. Objetivo Describir la velocidad lineal y la fuerza en el miembro superior de deportistas convencionales y paralímpicos con lesión medular. Materiales y método Estudio descriptivo transversal, en el que participaron 25 deportistas entre 18 y 44 años, con un mínimo de un año de entrenamiento, una vez por semana, sin lesiones asociadas, pertenecientes a Indervalle y a la Escuela Nacional del Deporte de Cali, que fueron valorados con dinamometría y cuantificación cinemática 3D usando cámaras optoelectrónicas QUALISYS. El análisis consideró medidas de tendencia central, Shapiro-Wilk, pruebas t de Student y Wilcoxon, a través de SPSS v. 21. Este es un estudio de mínimo riesgo en el cual se consideraron las normas del Comité de Ética institucional. Resultados Se evidenció que el peso e índice de masa corporal en mujeres y hombres paralímpicos supera al de no paralímpicos en 7,6kg y 5,9kg/m2, respectivamente, el tiempo de entreno en deportistas paralímpicos supera a los no paralímpicos en unas 5 h, existe diferencia significativa (p=0) en la fuerza entre hombres y mujeres no paralímpicas y también existe diferencia (p=0) en la velocidad lineal fase 1 de la mano izquierda entre no paralímpicos y paralímpicos. Conclusiones Existen diferencias entre deportistas no paralímpicos y paralímpicos en velocidad lineal de movimiento de la mano izquierda durante la preparación. Respecto a la fuerza y velocidad entre deportistas paralímpicos, no se presentaron diferencias significativas; sin embargo, sí la hubo en la fuerza entre los deportistas no paralímpicos (AU)

Sports performance covers factors related to success in the execution of a gesture, such as strength and speed that can be of significant influence in competition. Paralympic athletes are those who make compensations to their sports practice. Scientific evidence is required to facilitate the initiation and performance of skill and ability, as well as to support the regulations. Objective To describe the lineal velocity and strength in the upper limbs of non-paralympic and paralympic athletes with spinal injury. Materials and method Cross-sectional descriptive study, involving 25 athletes, between 18 and 44 years, with minimum one year of training, once a week, without associated injuries; belonging to Indervalle and the National School of Sport of Cali; assessed with dynamometry, 3D kinematic quantification using optoelectronic cameras QUALISYS. The analysis considered measures of central tendency, Shapiro-Wilk, Student's T and Wilcoxon tests, using SPSS v. 21. A minimum risk study that considered the institutional Ethics Committee standards. Results It was shown that weight and body mass index in paralympic women and men exceeds non-paralympic weight by 7.6kg and 5.9kg/m2 respectively, the training time in paralympic athletes exceeds that of non-paralympic athletes by approximately 5hours, there is a significant difference (P=.00) in strength between non-paralympic men and women, there is also a difference (P=.00) in lineal velocity phase 1, left hand, between the non-paralympic and paralympic athletes. Conclusions There are differences between non-paralympic and paralympic athletes in lineal speed of left-hand movement during preparation of the same. Regarding strength and speed between paralympic athletes, there were no significant differences, however, there were significant differences between the non-paralympic athletes (AU)

Barreras físicas percibidas por estudiantes de una institución universitaria de la ciudad de Cali-Colombia frente a la discapacidad / Physical barriers faced by disabled people perceived by university students in Cali-Colombia

Objetivo Identificar las barreras físicas percibidas por los estudiantes de Terapia Ocupacional y Nutrición de una institución universitaria de la ciudad de Cali-Colombia frente al tema de la discapacidad. Métodos Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de corte transversal. La población estuvo constituida por 494 estudiantes. Inicialmente se realizó un análisis univariado en donde se estimaron prevalencias frente a las barreras físicas percibidas por los estudiantes frente a la discapacidad y sobre la participación de los mismos en la vida universitaria. Dado que la variable dependiente participación fue dicotomizada, se estableció un análisis bivariado logístico con el ánimo de explorar la relación existente entre las barreras físicas percibidas por los estudiantes y la participación en la vida universitaria, finalmente se elaboró un modelo de regresión logística obteniendo un modelo explicativo que dio respuesta a los objetivos planteados. Resultados En este estudio se encontró que alrededor del 58% de los estudiantes perciben la cafetería y los baños de la institución como espacios poco accesibles, dado que no cuentan con adecuada señalización, ventilación e iluminación. Finalmente, después de ajustar el modelo de regresión logística para todas las variables seleccionadas se encontró que la única barrera física relacionada con la participación de los estudiantes en la vida universitaria fue el transporte para llegar a la institución universitaria. Conclusiones Las universidades tienen el deber de realizar diagnósticos periódicamente, para identificar barreras físicas dentro de las universidades, dado que la accesibilidad es un punto fundamental en la construcción de una verdadera educación inclusiva (AU)

Objective To identify physical barriers faced by disabled people perceived by university occupational therapy and nutrition students in a single institution in Cali-Colombia. Methods We carried out an analytical observational cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of 494 students. A univariate analysis was carried out that estimated the prevalence of physical barriers faced by disabled people perceived by students and participation in university life. Given that the dependent variable, participation, was dichotomized, a bivariate logistic analysis was performed to explore the relationship between physical barriers perceived by students and participation in university life. Finally, a logistic regression model was conducted, obtaining an explanatory model to meet the objectives set. Results Around 58% of students perceived that the snack bar and toilets inside the institution had low accessibility, because of inadequate signalling, ventilation and lighting. After adjustment of the logistic regression model for all the selected variables, transportation to the university was the only physical barrier related to participation in university life. Conclusions Accessibility is a key point for a truly inclusive educational institution. Therefore, universities should periodically carry out a survey to identify physical barriers (AU)

[Physical barriers faced by disabled people perceived by university students in Cali-Colombia]. / Barreras físicas percibidas por estudiantes de una institución universitaria de la ciudad de Cali-Colombia frente a la discapacidad.

OBJECTIVE: To identify physical barriers faced by disabled people perceived by university occupational therapy and nutrition students in a single institution in Cali-Colombia. METHODS: We carried out an analytical observational cross-sectional study. The sample was composed of 494 students. A univariate analysis was carried out that estimated the prevalence of physical barriers faced by disabled people perceived by students and participation in university life. Given that the dependent variable, participation, was dichotomized, a bivariate logistic analysis was performed to explore the relationship between physical barriers perceived by students and participation in university life. Finally, a logistic regression model was conducted, obtaining an explanatory model to meet the objectives set. RESULTS: Around 58% of students perceived that the snack bar and toilets inside the institution had low accessibility, because of inadequate signalling, ventilation and lighting. After adjustment of the logistic regression model for all the selected variables, transportation to the university was the only physical barrier related to participation in university life. CONCLUSIONS: Accessibility is a key point for a truly inclusive educational institution. Therefore, universities should periodically carry out a survey to identify physical barriers.

Antibacterial resistance, genes encoding toxins and genetic background among Staphylococcus aureus isolated from community-acquired skin and soft tissue infections in France: a national prospective survey.

The epidemiology of staphylococcal community-acquired skin and soft tissues infections (CA-SSTIs) has changed dramatically. We described prospectively the characteristics of the Staphylococcus aureus isolated from 71 non-teaching French hospitals and implicated in CA-SSTIs: antimicrobial susceptibility (mecA polymerase chain reaction [PCR], disk diffusion method), virulence factor gene (sea, tst, pvl) prevalence and genetic background (agr allele). During November 2006, 235 strains were collected (wound infection: 51%, abscess: 21%, whitlow: 8%, diabetic foot: 7%, furunculosis: 3%). sea, tst and pvl were identified in 22.1, 13.2 and 8.9% strains, respectively. agr allele 1 was the most frequently encountered genetic background, whatever the methicillin susceptibility. Among the 34 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA, 14.5% of all S. aureus), only one strain (2.9%) harboured pvl (belonging to the European ST80 clone), four (11.8%) tst (belonging to two endemic French clones) and 18 (52.9%) sea gene (mainly the Lyon clone). According to their in vitro activity, pristinamycin or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole could be considered as first-choice antibiotics. To date, the international pvl-positive MRSA clones have not spread in France. MRSA strains isolated from putative CA-SSTIs exhibited a genetic and phenotypic background of hospital-acquired (HA) clones. National survey should be continued, in order to monitor the emergence of virulent clones.

In vitro activity of daptomycin against Staphylococci isolated from bacteremia and community-onset skin and soft tissue infections in France: data from two nationwide studies.

Staphylococci are a leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) and bacteremia in France, a country with a high prevalence of oxacillin resistance. We evaluated the in vitro activity of daptomycin compared with reference compounds against 445 Staphylococcus aureus and 53 coagulase-negative Staphylococci (CNS) collected during two large nationwide studies performed in 2006 and 2007. The percentage of oxacillin resistance among S. aureus was 13.6% (SSTIs) and 30.7% (bacteremia). Daptomycin showed lower MIC(90) levels compared to vancomycin, teicoplanin, and linezolid (0.19 mg/L vs. 2, 1.5, and 1 mg/L, respectively), irrespective of oxacillin susceptibility. Amongst the CNS, 64.2% of the isolates originated from clinical bacteremia were resistant to oxacillin and 24.5% to teicoplanin; all but one Staphylococci were susceptible to daptomycin (MIC = 1.5 mg/l). As with linezolid, daptomycin seems to constitute an alternative option to treat some staphylococcal infections in the French context of high oxacillin resistance prevalence and high glycopeptides MIC.