[Release of superoxide anions by lymphocytes in patients with chronic renal failure]. / Uwalnianie anionorodników ponadtlenkowych przez limfocyty u chorych z przewlekla niewydolnoscia nerek.

The aim of the present study was to find the answer was sought to following question: 1. is the superoxide anions release by lymphocytes after zymosan or phorbol myristate acetate stimulation elevated in patients with chronic renal failure?; 2. are there differences in superoxide anions release between groups of patients with chronic renal failure treated conventionally and those treated by haemodialysis? and 3. does dialysis with cuprophan membrane influence superoxide anions release in patients with chronic renal failure? 36 patients with chronic renal failure and 23 healthy subjects (control) were observed. All patients were divided in 2 groups: 1.12 patients conventionally treated (group 1) and 2.24 patients treated by haemodialysis (group 2). The subjects were studied in the early morning, after eight hour rest and in supine position. In patients of the group 2 blood samples were drawn immediately before and after haemodialysis. In all patients of the group 2 non-reutilized cuprophan dialysers and acetate buffer were used. In patients of the group 1 and in the controls blood samples were withdrawn only once. From the blood samples lymphocytes were isolated and stimulated by zymosan or phorbol myristate acetate. Superoxide anions release was measured using Babior method. Statistical analysis was performed using ANOVA test. A 95% confidence limit (p < 0.05) was used. O2.- release by lymphocytes in patients with chronic renal failure after zymosan (29,.1 +/- 1.0 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes) as well as phorbol myristate acetate (29.9 +/- 0.9 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes) was significantly higher than in healthy subjects (19.8 +/- 0.4 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes and 20.0 +/- 0.4 nmol/min/10(7) lymphocytes respectively).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

[Concentrations of lead in blood of patients with chronic renal failure]. / Stezenie olowiu we krwi u chorych z przewlekla niewydolnoscia nerek.

UNLABELLED: Several groups have reported increased blood lead (Pb) concentrations in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) and haemodialysed but normal concentrations were observed by the others. The present study aimed to assess: 1. Pb concentrations in patients with CRF and influence of the haemodialysis on these concentrations. 2. The influence of the erythropoietin (EPO) therapy on the Pb concentrations. 3. The influence of long-term haemodialysis therapy on the Pb concentrations. 101 patients with CRF and 23 healthy subjects were examined. Patients with CRF were divided into two groups: nonhaemodialysed (group I) and haemodialysed (group II). Group two consisted of some subgroups: treated with EPO;--without EPO therapy;--haemodialysed 1-50 months;--51-100 months and > 100 months. Creatinine, Pb, haemoglobin and haematocrit concentrations were measured in all examined patients. Significantly higher Pb concentrations in CRF patients comparing to healthy subjects were found. Among CRF patients significantly lower Pb concentrations were observed in group I and did not differ from those in the control group. After haemodialysis Pb blood concentrations significantly decreased in all examined subgroups. In EPO subgroup in comparison with CRF patients without EPO therapy lower but not significantly Pb concentrations were observed. No significant changes between short and long-term haemodialysed patients were found. CONCLUSIONS: 1. Blood lead concentrations are significantly higher in CRF patients in comparison with healthy subjects. 2. In CRF patients a slight Pb concentration decrease after haemodialysis is observed. 3. EPO treatment has no influence on Pb blood concentrations in examined patients. 4. Long-term haemodialysis treatment has only a slight influence on Pb concentrations in CRF patients.

[Effect of prolonged hemodialysis therapy on activity of superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocytes and leukocytes of patients with chronic renal failure]. / Wplyw wieloletniej hemodializoterapii na aktywnosc dysmutazy ponadtlenkowej i peroksydazy glutationu w erytrocytach i leukocytach u chorych z przewlekla niewydolnoscia nerek.

The questions to be answered were: 1) what was the enzymatic activity of free radicals removal in patients with chronic renal failure treated with haemodialysis (CRF) and 2) what was the long-term effect of haemodialysis therapy activity of those enzymes. 51 patients with chronic renal failure treated with hemodialysis (CRF) and healthy subjects (control) were observed: in 29 patients treated with haemodialysis (HD) less than 4 years (group A); 11 patients treated with HD 4-8 years (group B); 11 patients treated with HD over 8 years (group C). Immediately before and after HD (cuprophan dialyser) blood samples were drawn and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes and leukocytes was measured. In healthy subjects only one estimation was made. SOD activity was measured with the Misra-Fridovich method and GPX activity in erythrocytes and leukocytes was significantly lower in uremic subjects. A significant increase of SOD activity in erythrocytes was seen in long-term HD patients. A significant positive correlation between erythrocytes SOD activity and time of HD therapy was present. During HD with cuprophan dialyser a significant decrease activity above mentioned hormones was observed. In uremic subjects treated with HD enzymatic activity of autooxidans was significantly lower than in normals. Long-term HD therapy did not influence the activity of those enzymes. Only erythrocyte SOD activity significantly rose in long-term HD patients. After haemodialysis with cuprophan dialyser a significant decrease SOD and GPX activity was observed.

[Level of zinc, copper, selenium and nickel in serum of patients treated for chronic renal failure with hemodialysis--influence of erythropoietin therapy]. / Stezenie cynku, miedzi, selenu i niklu w surowicy krwi u chorych leczonych z przewlekla niewydolnoscia nerek leczonych hemiodializami--wplyw leczenia erytropoetyna.

52 patients with chronic renal failure treated with haemodialysis and 21 healthy subjects were observed. All patients were divided in 2 groups: 1. erythropoietin treated patients (+EPO), 2. patients not treated with erythropoietin (-EPO). In all patients immediately before dialysis and after dialysis the blood samples were withdrawn for estimation of creatinine, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit value and zinc, copper, selenium, and nickel concentration. In healthy subjects such measurements we made only once. In all patients serum zinc, selenium and nickel concentrations were significantly lower than in normals. Copper concentration was insignificantly higher in normals than in patients with CRF. No significant differences were found in serum concentration of zinc, copper, selenium and nickel between +EPO and -EPO. During haemodialysis a decrease of serum zinc, copper and selenium levels in all examined group was seen. No significant changes between serum, zinc, selenium, copper and nickel concentration between patients treated with erythropoietin and without erythropoietin. Conclusions 1. Serum zinc, selenium and nickel concentration were significantly lower in patients treated with haemodialysis than in normals. 2. Serum concentration of zinc, copper and selenium decreased during haemodialysis. 3. Probably erythropoietin therapy does not influence serum zinc, selenium, copper and nickel levels in patients with chronic renal failure.

[Effect of working in a coke plant on levels of carbon monoxide hemoglobin in employed workers]. / Wplyw pracy w zakladach koksochemicznych na zachowanie sie hemoglobiny tlenkoweglowej u zatrudnionych pracowników.

Concentrations of carbon monoxide hemoglobin in blood of 48 furnace-room, and of 31 carbon derivatives department workers for many years exposed to carbon monoxide (divided into smokers and non-smokers) were assessed by spectrophotometry. CO levels were within the values provided in the corresponding standards for the occupational exposure, there was, however, the risk of periodically exceeding the MAC values. It has been found that HbCO levels in the workers of the furnace room and of the carbon derivatives department were much significantly higher than in the controls, both in the smoker and in the non-smoker group.

[Evaluation of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity using C-l4-labeled aminopyrine breath test in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 treated with tolbutamide]. / Ocena aktywnosci enzymów mikrosomalnych watroby za pomoca testu oddechowego z zastosowaniem 14C-aminopiryny u chorych na cukrzyce typu II leczonych tolbutamidem.

Among 116 diabetic patients of the District Diabetic Polyclinic in Zabrze (51 type II treated with tolbutamide++, 36 type I treated with insulin, 29 type II treated with diet only) and 30 health persons functional microsomal hepatic fraction with ABT was assessed. Classical hepatic function test were done too. Among 49% patients under examination with type II diabetes treated with tolbutamide++ statistically significant decrease of value of ABT was observed as compared with other groups. Values of classical hepatic function tests in investigated patients were within normal values. Decrease in demethylation of aminopyrine shown as the abnormality in values of ABT can be considered as early symptom of hepatocyte damage caused by tolbutamide++. ABT is valuable method of appraising the liver's detoxication function in type II diabetes. Patients treated with tolbutamide++ should not receive any other drug known as inhibitor of microsomal enzymes of the liver.

[Some parameters of hemostasis in diabetic patients]. / Niektóre parametry ukladu hemostazy u chorych na cukrzyce.

Parameters of blood coagulation and fibrinolysis in diabetic patients chronically treated with oral hypoglycaemic agents and insulin have been analysed. All examined patients were divided into four subgroups: I-treated with biguanides, II-treated with sulfonylurea derivatives, III-sulfonylurea and biguanide derivatives simultaneously, IV-treated with insulin. Observed decrease in haemostasis parameters and activation of fibrinolysis in patients treated with only biguanides seemed associated with favourable effect of these agents on the decrease in the risk of the thrombotic complications in diabetes mellitus.