RESUMO
Mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is vital for host immunological surveillance against pathogens. MALT lymphoma, also known as extranodal marginal zone B cell lymphoma, is a non-Hodgkin's lymphoma subtype that predominantly arises in the gastrointestinal tract. Chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a common cause of gastric MALT lymphoma, although other infections are reported in association with extragastric MALT lymphomas. To our knowledge, here we report the first case of synchronous MALT lymphomas of the colon and stomach in the presence of Strongyloides stercoralis and H. pylori infections that resolved after eradication of both organisms.
Assuntos
Neoplasias do Colo/patologia , Infecções por Helicobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Helicobacter pylori , Linfoma de Zona Marginal Tipo Células B/patologia , Neoplasias Primárias Múltiplas/patologia , Neoplasias Gástricas/patologia , Estrongiloidíase/tratamento farmacológico , Animais , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Antiparasitários/uso terapêutico , Biomarcadores Tumorais , Neoplasias do Colo/diagnóstico por imagem , Colonoscopia , Mucosa Gástrica/diagnóstico por imagem , Mucosa Gástrica/patologia , Helicobacter pylori/efeitos dos fármacos , Helicobacter pylori/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Ivermectina/uso terapêutico , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico por imagem , Strongyloides stercoralis/efeitos dos fármacos , Strongyloides stercoralis/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Aim: Low circulating vitamin D levels are associated with gastric adenocarcinoma, but whether vitamin D levels are associated with premalignant gastric mucosal changes is unknown. Here, we determined associations between vitamin D levels and gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia, a known gastric adenocarcinoma risk factor. Methods: This was a retrospective, unmatched, case-control study comparing serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels among subjects with gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia (cases; n = 103) and those without gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia (controls; n = 216). The 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were categorized as normal (30100 ng/dL), vitamin D insufficiency (VDi; 2029 ng/dL), and vitamin D deficiency (VDd; <20 ng/dL). Using multivariable logistic regression, odds ratios (ORs) were calculated and adjusted to age, gender, ethnicity, body mass index, history of hypertension or diabetes mellitus, and timing of vitamin D collection to assess associations between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia. Results: A majority of case subjects were male, Hispanic, and did not have hypertension or diabetes mellitus. The average serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was significantly lower in the intestinal metaplasia group than the control group (19.7 ng/dL vs. 34.7 ng/dL; p < 0.001). Hypovitaminosis D was more common in subjects with incomplete intestinal metaplasia in a multivariable regression model (OR 54.1, 95% CI 21.8134.3; p < 0.001). VDd (OR 129.0, 95% CI 43.7381.2; p < 0.001) and VDi (OR 31.0, 95% CI 11.980.3; p < 0.001) were more common in patients with incomplete intestinal metaplasia than healthy subjects, with VDd slightly more prevalent than VDi (OR 4.0, 95% CI 1.79.6; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency are more common in patients with gastric incomplete intestinal metaplasia than healthy subjects and may play a role in the development of premalignant phenotypes related to gastric adenocarcinoma.