RESUMO
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are chronic neurological disorders associated with cognitive or motor dysfunction. As a common spice, Zingiber officinale Roscoe has been used as a medicine to treat a variety of NDDs. However, at the molecular level, the mechanisms of Z. officinale in treating of NDDs have not been deeply investigated. In this study, network pharmacology method, molecular docking, Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis were used to predict the mechanisms of Z. officinale in the treatment of NDDs. After a series of biological information analyses, five core targets were obtained, including heme oxygenase 1 (HMOX1), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), nitric oxide synthase (NOS), catechol-O-methyl-transferase (COMT), and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5). Compounds 75, 68, 46, 67, 69, 49, 66, 50, 34, and 64 were identified as the main components of Z. officinale in the treatment of NDDs. The crucial pathways mainly include neuroactive ligand-receptor signaling pathways, cyclic adenosine monophosphate signaling pathways, dopamine synaptic signaling pathways, and so on. Besides, in vitro experiments by AChE inhibitory activities assay and neuroprotective activities against H2 O2 -induced injury in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells validated the reliability of the results of network analysis. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Zingiber officinale Roscoe is widely used as a traditional spice and herbal medicine. It contains a number of active ingredients, which have shown activities on anti-neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs). In this paper, the potential mechanism of Z. officinale in the treatment of NDDs is explored through network pharmacology, and it was verified by in vitro experiments. The mechanism was not only clarified at the system level but also proved to be effective at the biological level. The results can be used as a reference for Z. officinale in the treating of NDDs.
Assuntos
Doenças Neurodegenerativas , Zingiber officinale , Acetilcolinesterase , Humanos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Farmacologia em Rede , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/tratamento farmacológico , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Neogenkwanine I (1), a new daphnane-type diterpene with 4,7-ether group, along with four known ones (2-5), were isolated from Daphne genkwa. The structure including absolute configurations of 1 was established on the basis of NMR, 13C-NMR and ECD calculations and CD exciton chirality analysis. 13C-NMR and ECD calculations of daphnane-type diterpenes were reported here for the first time. All of the diterpenes were screened for their cytotoxic activities against MCF-7 and Hep3B cell lines. The cytotoxicity structure- activity relationship of compounds was illustrated with the absence of ortho-ester group of daphnane-type diterpenes.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/isolamento & purificação , Daphne/química , Diterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Flores/química , Antineoplásicos/química , Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Citotoxinas/isolamento & purificação , Citotoxinas/farmacologia , Diterpenos/química , Diterpenos/farmacologia , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Teoria Quântica , Estereoisomerismo , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are characterized by progressive and irreversible, is a kind of complex illnesses, and the long-term therapy which is frequently associated with adverse side effects. Medicago sativa L., widely consumed as a vegetable, has the effects of improving memory and relieving central nervous system diseases. However, there are less studies on its specific mechanism for NDDs. In this investigation, we applied a method of network pharmacology, which combined molecular docking and network analysis to decipher the mechanisms of M. sativa in NDDs. The pharmacological system generated 55 triterpene saponins from M. sativa, and predicted 27 potential targets with 100 pathways in the treatment of NDDs. As a result, 13 compounds, 10 target proteins, and 6 signaling pathways were found to play important roles in the treatment of NDDs. In addition, in vitro experiments of isolates confirmed activities for NDDs, which were consistent with the results of network pharmacology prediction. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Medicago sativa L. has been widely consumed as a vegetable, which possesses many nutritional components. As a functional food stuff, M. sativa can improve human health, such as memory improving activities, relieving central nervous system diseases, immunomodulatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory. In this article, the mechanism of triterpene saponins from M. sativa against NDDs was successfully predicted by network pharmacology method. The results will serve as a reference of M. sativa against NDDs.
Assuntos
Medicago sativa/química , Doenças Neurodegenerativas/tratamento farmacológico , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Saponinas/farmacologia , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Humanos , Simulação de Acoplamento Molecular , Extratos Vegetais/química , Saponinas/química , Triterpenos/químicaRESUMO
Three new withanolides (1-3), named as daturanolide A-C, along with six known withanolides (4-9) were isolated from the flowers of Datura metel L. Their structures with absolute configurations were elucidated by a series of spectroscopic methods, electronic circular dichroism (ECD) analyses, and X-ray crystallography. All the isolates were evaluated for cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines (HCT116, U87-MG, NCI-H460, BGC823, and HepG2), and 6 exhibited marked cytotoxicity.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Datura metel/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cristalografia por Raios X , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Flores/química , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional Chinesa , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Relação Estrutura-AtividadeRESUMO
Five novel and rare cadinane-type sesquiterpene glycosides, cornucadinoside A-E (1-5) were isolated from water extract of the fruit of Cornus officinalis Sieb. et Zuuc.. The new chemical structures, together with their absolute configurations, were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including a comparison of their experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. Their structures, which possess a naphthalene skeleton, are the first report on the occurrence of cadinane sesquiterpene glycosides in Cornus. Additionally, all the compounds exhibited marked α-glucosidase inhibitory activity except for 3in vitro.
Assuntos
Cornus/química , Frutas/química , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases/química , Glicosídeos/química , Sesquiterpenos/química , Dicroísmo Circular , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases/isolamento & purificação , Glicosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Naftalenos/química , Naftalenos/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Medicago sativa L. is a forage legume plant widely distributed in all continents. Six new triterpenoid saponins, Medicagosides A-F (1-6) and five known ones (7-11) were isolated from M. sativa. Their structures were determined via HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR analysis. Biologically, all the isolates displayed neuroprotective activities against H2O2-induced damage in SH-SY5Y cells. Among them, compounds 1, 3-5 and 10 exhibited striking neuroprotective activities at 100⯵M, restoring cell viability range from 79.66% to 89.03%, relative to 79.46% (100⯵M) of Trolox used as the positive control.
Assuntos
Medicago sativa/química , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/farmacologia , Saponinas/farmacologia , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Sobrevivência Celular/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromanos/farmacologia , Humanos , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/farmacologia , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/química , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/isolamento & purificação , Estresse Oxidativo/efeitos dos fármacos , Saponinas/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/química , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common type of liver cancer, has high morbidity and mortality rates, and its prognosis is poor. The treatment options of HCC are limited by the lack of effective chemotherapy. Therefore, looking for effective drugs with little toxicity is very urgent. The aim of this study was to search for small molecule targeting on liver cancer from Juglans mandshurica, which has been used to treat cancers for a long time in China. Under the guide of anti-hepatoma activity, a new coumarin (1), together with eight reported analogs (2â9), was isolated from the 75% EtOH extract. The structures of these compounds were determined by 1D and 2D NMR experiments. The absolute configuration of 1 was established by comparison of experimental and calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra. The in vitro cytotoxicity experiments on two liver cancer cell lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) showed that compounds 2 and 5 had moderate antitumor activities on both cell lines. And further studies of antitumor mechanisms by the observation of morphological changes and Western blot analyses exhibited that induction of apoptosis might be a possible way that inhibited cell growth.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Cumarínicos/isolamento & purificação , Cumarínicos/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Juglans/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/metabolismo , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Cumarínicos/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/metabolismo , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Casca de Planta/químicaRESUMO
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver cancer, and treatment options for HCC are limited. In addition, the discovery of new natural compounds with anti-hepatocarcinoma activity is attracting increasing attention. For this reason, phytochemical investigation of Croton crassifolius led to the isolation of 17 diterpenoids, including three new clerodane diterpenoids, named crassifolius A-C (1-3), along with 14 known ones (4-17). Their structures were established by 1D, 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS, detailed calculated electronic circular dichroism (ECD) spectra and the assistance of quantum chemical predictions (QCP) of 13C NMR chemical shifts. The cytotoxicities of all these compounds against human liver cancer lines (HepG2 and Hep3B) were determined. Among them, compound 1 exhibited good cytotoxicity with IC50 value of 17.91µM against human liver tumor cells Hep3B. Following further studies of the anti-tumor mechanism of compound 1-induced cell growth inhibition, we found that compound 1 caused apoptotic cell death in Hep3B cells by detecting morphologic changes and Western blotting analysis.
Assuntos
Apoptose/efeitos dos fármacos , Croton/química , Diterpenos Clerodânicos/química , Diterpenos Clerodânicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamento farmacológico , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Diterpenos Clerodânicos/isolamento & purificação , Diterpenos Clerodânicos/uso terapêutico , Células Hep G2 , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamento farmacológico , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Estrutura Molecular , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Raízes de Plantas/químicaRESUMO
Based on the fact that timosaponin A-III (TA-III) exhibits potent cytotoxic effects and has been considered as a potential anti-tumor agent, a range of novel sarsasapogenin derivatives 1, 2a-2g, 3, 4, 5, 6a-6g have been synthesized by a simple and facile synthetic route. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of these synthetic compounds has been evaluated against ten human cancer cell lines. The pharmacological results showed that most of the sarsasapogenin derivatives displayed excellent selective cytotoxicity toward the cancer cell lines. An amino group at C-3 or C-26 position of the sapogenin had a profound influence on the cytotoxic activity. In particular, compound 6c exhibited significantly inhibitory activity against A375-S2 (IC50=0.56µM) and HT1080 (IC50=0.72µM) cells. However, introducing a bromo or morpholinyl substituent at the C-3 and C-26 position of the sapogenin generally rendered it inactive against the human cancer cell lines. This research provides a theoretical reference for the exploration of new anti-tumor drugs.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos/farmacologia , Sapogeninas/farmacologia , Espirostanos/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos/síntese química , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Humanos , Concentração Inibidora 50 , Sapogeninas/síntese química , Espirostanos/síntese químicaRESUMO
Two new glycosides suspensaside C (1) and 2,3,5,6-tetrahydro-jacaranone-4-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (2), together with four known compounds suspensaside A (3), rengynic acid-1'-O-ß-D-glucopyranoside (4), forsythoside A (5), and rengynic acid (6), were isolated from the fruits of Forsythia suspense (Thunb.) Vahl. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of chemical and spectral analysis, including 1D, 2D NMR analyses and HR-ESI-MS. All isolates were tested for their cytotoxicities against five human cancer cell lines (A549, Colo-205, Hep-3B, HL60, and KB). Compound 3 exhibited cytotoxicity against HL-60, Hep-3B, and A549 cancer cell lines.
Assuntos
Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Forsythia/química , Glicosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Ácidos Cafeicos , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Frutas/química , Glucosídeos , Glicosídeos/química , Glicosídeos/farmacologia , Células HL-60 , Humanos , Células KB , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear BiomolecularRESUMO
Two new alkaloids named (3R)-3,5-bis(3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-dihydro-2(1H)-pyridinone (1) and 1,5-dimethyl-6-phenyl-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazin-3(2H)-one (2), together with two known compounds (7'R)-N-feruloyl normetanephrine (3) and N-trans-feruloyl tyramine (4) were isolated from the air-dried aerial parts of Portulaca oleracea L. Their structures and configurations were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1D NMR, 2D NMR, and HR-MS techniques. In addition, compounds 1-4 were tested for in vitro cytotoxic activities against human lung (K562 and A549) and breast (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-435) cancer cell lines.
Assuntos
Alcaloides/isolamento & purificação , Alcaloides/farmacologia , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/isolamento & purificação , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Portulaca/química , Piridonas/isolamento & purificação , Piridonas/farmacologia , Triazinas/isolamento & purificação , Triazinas/farmacologia , Alcaloides/química , Antineoplásicos Fitogênicos/química , Ensaios de Seleção de Medicamentos Antitumorais , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Feminino , Humanos , Células K562 , Células MCF-7 , Estrutura Molecular , Piridonas/química , Triazinas/químicaRESUMO
One new sesquiterpene, (1α,4aß,8aα)-1-isopropanol-4a-methyl-8-methylenedecahydronaphthalene (1), with one new phenylpropanoid, threo-2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-ethoxypropan-1-ol (2), along with four known phenylpropanoids were isolated from Crataegus pinnatifida. The structures of compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated on the basis of 1D, 2D NMR analyses, and HR-ESI-MS. The antithrombotic activity in vitro of all isolates was assayed, and only compound 1 exhibited potent antithrombotic activity by inhibiting platelet aggregation in rat plasma by 81.4% at 1 mg/ml.
Assuntos
Crataegus/química , Fibrinolíticos/isolamento & purificação , Fibrinolíticos/farmacologia , Fenilpropionatos/isolamento & purificação , Fenilpropionatos/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Animais , Fibrinolíticos/sangue , Fibrinolíticos/química , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Fenilpropionatos/química , Ratos , Sementes/química , Sesquiterpenos/sangue , Sesquiterpenos/químicaRESUMO
AIM: To study the chemical constituents and bioactivity of the seeds of Crataegus pinnatifida. METHODS: The chemical constituents were isolated and purified by macroporous adsorptive resin D101, silica gel, and ODS column chromatography, and preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods. In addition, the cytotoxic activities of compounds 1-4 were investigated on OPM2 and RPMI-8226 cells. RESULTS: Four compounds were obtained and their structures were identified as (7S, 8S)-4-[2-hydroxy-2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-1-(hydroxymethyl)ethoxy]-3, 5-dimethoxybenzaldehyde (1), (+)-balanophonin (2), erythro-guaiacylglycerol-ß-coniferyl aldehyde ether (3), buddlenol A (4). CONCLUSION: Compound 1 is a novel norlignan, while compounds 1-4 exhibited marginal inhibition on the proliferation of OPM2 and RPMI-8226 cells.
Assuntos
Crataegus/química , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/isolamento & purificação , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/toxicidade , Sementes/química , Linhagem Celular , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Metalotioneína 3 , Estrutura Molecular , Proteínas do Tecido Nervoso/química , Extratos Vegetais/químicaRESUMO
Two new steroidal saponins, named anemarnoside A and anemarnoside B, along with three known compounds, timosaponin J, timosaponin B II, and timosaponin B, have been isolated from Anemarrhena asphodeloides. Their structures were established by spectroscopic techniques (IR, MS, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR) and by comparison with published data.
Assuntos
Anemarrhena/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Rizoma/química , Saponinas/química , EsteroidesRESUMO
Four novel phenolic compounds (1-4) were isolated from the leaves of Crataegus pinnatifida, along with three known ones (5-7). Their structures were elucidated as: methyl 4-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-3-[(2E,6E)-8-O-ß-D-glucopyranosyl-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl] benzoate (1), biphenyl-5-ol-3-O-ß-D-glucoside (2), 3,4'-dimethoxy-biphenyl-5-ol-4-O-ß-D-glucoside (3), (E)-6-(benzoyloxy)-1-hydroxyhex-3-en-2-O-ß-D-glucoside (4), shanyenoside A (5), eriodectyol (6), and 2â³-O-rhamnosyl vitexin (7), using a combination of mass spectroscopy, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and chemical analysis. The antithrombotic activity of the isolated compounds was investigated on the transgenic zebra fish system. Among them, eriodectyol (6) potently inhibited the production of thrombus.
Assuntos
Crataegus/química , Fibrinolíticos/isolamento & purificação , Fibrinolíticos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/isolamento & purificação , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Folhas de Planta/química , Trombose/prevenção & controle , Animais , Animais Geneticamente Modificados , Fibrinolíticos/química , Estrutura Molecular , Fenóis/isolamento & purificação , Fenóis/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/química , Peixe-ZebraRESUMO
Antidepressant activity-guided fractionation of the MeOH extract of Valeriana fauriei Briq. roots resulted in the isolation of two new germacrane-type sesquiterpenes (1-2) in addition to seven known ones (3-9). Their structures were elucidated as 1ß,10α-dihydroxyl-8α-acetoxyl-10ß,11,11-trimethyl-4-formyl-bicyclogermacren-E-4(5)-ene (1), 1ß-hydroxyl-8α-acetoxyl-11,11-dimethyl-4-formyl-bicyclogermacren-E-4(5),10(14)-diene (2), bicyclo[8,1,0]5ß-hydroxyl-7ß-1acetoxyl-5α,11,11'-trimethyl -E-1(10)-ene-4α,15-olide (3), 8α-acetoxyl-3α,4α,10-trihydroxyl-guaia-1(2)-ene-12,6α-olide (4), 2-Ethylhexyl-4-hydroxybenzoate (5), 11αH-gemacra-1(10)E,4Z-diene-3-one-12,6α-olide (6), ß-Sitoterol (7), isovaleric acid (8), isoborneol acetate (9), using a combination of UV, IR, mass spectroscopy, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy. The antidepressant activity of compounds 1-4 was investigated by the FST on mice. Among them, compounds 3 and 4 showed the significant antidepressant activity (*, P<0.01).
Assuntos
Antidepressivos/uso terapêutico , Depressão/tratamento farmacológico , Fitoterapia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Sesquiterpenos/uso terapêutico , Valeriana/química , Animais , Antidepressivos/isolamento & purificação , Antidepressivos/farmacologia , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Raízes de Plantas/química , Sesquiterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos de Germacrano/isolamento & purificação , Sesquiterpenos de Germacrano/farmacologia , Sesquiterpenos de Germacrano/uso terapêutico , NataçãoRESUMO
The structures of two new sesquiterpene lactones, 11,13beta-dihydroixerin Z (1) and Ixerin Z2 (2) isolated from Ixeris sonchifolia were determined to be 3-hydroxy-1(10),3-guaiadiene-12,6-olide-2-one-3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside and 1(10),3,11 (13)-guaiatriene-12,6-olide-2-one-3-O-[6'-(4"-hydroxybenzyl lactyl)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside, respectively on the basis of detailed spectral analysis.
Assuntos
Asteraceae/química , Glucosídeos/química , Lactonas/química , Sesquiterpenos/química , Estrutura MolecularRESUMO
Bioassay-guided fractionation of an EtOAc extract of the leaves of Rosa laevigata afforded two new 19-oxo-18,19-seco-ursane-type triterpenes (1 and 3), a new ursane-type nortriterpene (2), a new ursane-type triterpene lactone saponin (4), and two new oleanane-type triterpenoids (5 and 6), together with eight known triterpenoids (7-14). Compound 1, a 19-oxo-18,19-seco-28-norursane, possesses a conjugated diene between C-12 and C-17. Several of the isolated compounds (1, 5, 7, 11, and 13) exhibited moderate activities in anti-inflammatory assays in vitro.
Assuntos
Anti-Inflamatórios/isolamento & purificação , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/isolamento & purificação , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/farmacologia , Rosa/química , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Anti-Inflamatórios/química , Medicamentos de Ervas Chinesas/química , Luciferases/metabolismo , Estrutura Molecular , Ressonância Magnética Nuclear Biomolecular , Folhas de Planta/química , Saponinas/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Saponinas/farmacologia , Triterpenos/químicaRESUMO
Crataegus pinnatifida have long been used in traditional Chinese medicine and European herbal medicine, and are widely consumed as food, in the form of juice, drink, jam and canned fruit. Four new compounds, a sesquiterpene and its glycoside (1-2), two monoterpene glycosides (3-4), together with eight known compounds (5-12), were isolated from the leaves of C. pinnatifida. Their structures were elucidated as (5Z)-6-[5-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)-2-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-3-methylhexa-1,5-dien-3-ol (1), (5Z)-6-[5-(2-O-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-propan-2-yl)-2-methyl tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]-3-methylhexa-1,5-dien-3-ol (2), 5-ethenyl-2-[2-O-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1â³â6')-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-propan-2-yl]-5-methyltetrahydrofuran-2-ol (3), 4-[4ß-O-ß-d-xylopyranosyl-(1â³â6')-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl]-butan-2-one (4), (Z)-3-hexenyl O-ß-d-glucopyranosyl-(1â³â6')-ß-d-glucopyranoside (5), (Z)-3-hexenyl O-ß-d-xylopyranosyl-(1â³â6')-ß-d-glucopyranoside (6), (Z)-3-hexenyl O-ß-d-rhamnopyranosyl-(1â³â6')-ß-d-glucopyranoside (7), (3R,5S,6S,7E,9S)-megastiman-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetrol (8), (3R,5S,6S,7E,9S)-megastigman-7-ene-3,5,6,9-tetrol9-O-ß-d-glucopyranoside (9), (6S,7E,9R)-6,9-dihydroxy-4,7-megastigmadien-3-one 9-O-[ß-d-xylopyranosyl-(1â³â6')-ß-d-glucopyranoside] (10), Linarionoside C (11), and (3S,9R)-3,9-dihydroxy-megastigman-5-ene 3-O-primeveroside (12), using a combination of mass spectroscopy, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and chemical analysis. Cytotoxicity of the new compounds was assayed against selected human glioma (U87) cell lines.