[Analysis of cases of laryngeal airway diseases in infants].

Objective:To analyze the clinical data of laryngeal airway diseases in infants and provide reference for the standardized diagnosis and treatment of the disease. Methods:From June 2022 to August 2023, analyze the clinical data of 4 cases of children with laryngeal airway diseases recently admitted to Department of Otolaryngology, Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Province, and summarize the experience and lessons of diagnosis and treatment by consulting relevant literature. Results:Three cases had symptoms such as laryngeal wheezing, dyspnea, backward growth and development, etc. After electronic laryngoscopy, the first case was diagnosed with laryngeal softening （severe, type Ⅱ）, and the angular incision was performed. While cases 2, 3 diagnosed with case 2 and 3 were diagnosed with laryngeal cyst and underwent laryngeal cyst resection. All three cases underwent low-temperature plasma surgery under visual laryngoscope, and the symptoms were relieved after operation. Case 4 was laryngeal wheezing and dyspnea after extubation under general anesthesia. The electronic laryngoscopy showeded early stage of globetic stenosis, and endoscopic pseudomembrane clamping was performed, and the postoperative symptoms were relieved. Conclusion:Infants and young children with laryngeal airway diseases should pay attention to the early symptoms and be diagnosed by electronic laryngoscopy as soon as possible. With good curative effect and few complications, low-temperature plasma surgery under visual laryngoscope is recommended. The formation of pseudomembrane under the gluteal caused by tracheal intubation causes rapid onset and rapid development. The pseudomembrane extraction by clamping is convenient and fast, with good curative effect.

[Effect analysis of individualized operation for congenital preauricular fistula].

Objective:To investigate the effect and influencing factors of individualized operation for congenital preauricular fistula in children. Methods:The clinical data of 98 cases （109 ears） of congenital preauricular fistula treated in Department of Otolaryngology，Fuzhou Children's Hospital of Fujian Medical University from July 2016 to December 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the characteristics and infection of preauricular fistula，they were divided into common type and variant type，static period of inflammation and period of infection.Individual surgical methods such as classical fistula resection, double fusiform incision and fistula location resection were used respectively.The efficacy，complication and influencing factors of different surgical methods were analyzed. Results:The operation time of classical fistula resection was shorter, and the difference was statistically significant（t = －2.905 and－3.005 respectively, all P<0.05）. According to the stages and types of fistulas, the selection of individualized surgical methods had achieved good results. There was no significant difference in incision complications and fistula recurrence among different surgical methods （all P>0.05）. Conclusion:Once infection occurs in congenital preauricular fistula, surgical resection should be performed as soon as possible after infection control, or as early as possible after infection maximum control if infection cannot completely subside. Surgical incision design should be individualized, complete resection of fistulas and lesions, minimally invasive and aesthetic.