[Effects of ultrasound on the germination and seedling growth of three aged forage seeds.] / è¶ å£°æ³¢å¯¹3种老化牧草种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响.

To examine the effects and physiological mechanisms of ultrasound treatment on the germination and seedling growth of naturally aged seeds, an [L9(34)] orthogonal matrix experiment was carried out, which included ultrasound time, ultrasound temperature, output power and seed soaking time with tall fescue Festuca arundinacea stored for one year and five years at room temperature, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne, stored for five years), and Russian wildrye (Psathyrostachys juncea, stored for six years) as test materials. The results showed that ultrasound temperature was the most important factor for the germination of aged seeds. The appropriate ultrasound treatment promoted germination percentage and significantly enhanced root and shoot length in aged seeds of tall fescue (stored for five years) and Russian wildrye. The positive effect of ultrasound was not significant on the germination of aged seeds of tall fescue (stored for one year) and perennial ryegrass, but was significant on the root length. Ultrasound treatment reinvigorated aged seeds by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities and reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) content. A regression model analysis was performed to determine the final optimal ultrasound condition for aged grass seeds that resulted in ultrasound time of 22 min, at 26 ℃, output power of 254.29 W and a seed soaking time of 2.89 h.

[Advances in research on mechanisms of seed pre-treatments.] / ç§å­é¢„å¤„ç†çš„ä½œç”¨æœºåˆ¶ç ”ç©¶è¿›å±•.

Seeds play a vital role in nature and agro-ecosystems. The success of seed germination and the establishment of a normal seedling determine the propagation and survival of a plant species, but seed vigor is often seriously damaged because of seed aging, dormancy and the deterioration of natural habitat. Thus, exploring methods for improving germination quality is of great significance to ecology and the economy. Based on the latest international reports, seed pre-treatments are the most practical and effective methods for improving plant performance, increasing yields and enhancing stress resistance. This review provided a summary of the current pre-sowing treatment technologies and the physiological and biochemical responses of plants to these methods by addressing gene expression, cytological effects, enzyme system activities, material and energy metabolism, antioxidation mechanisms and signal transduction pathways. We also interpreted the mechanisms of the seed pre-treatment methods from aspects of seed germination acceleration and stress resistance enhancement. The bottleneck in seed pre-treatments at the cytological and molecular levels and the problems involved in their application were also discussed. Thus far, most studies had largely focused on the partial reaction alterations of plant biochemistry and enzyme activities, and they had generally been characterized by a lack of systematic and holistic study for applications to crop production. Finally, we proposed an outlook for further study in an attempt to provide a prospective and scientific reference for plant germplasm conservation, high-efficiency organic agriculture development and ecological environment re-construction.

[Clinical observation on two-way quintuple puncture in the treatment of ganglion].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the better therapy in the treatment of ganglion. METHODS: Ninety cases of ganglion were randomized into a two-way quintuple puncture group, a common quintuple puncture group and a fire needling group, 30 cases in each one. In the two-way quintuple puncture group, the "9-in-1" multiple penetrating needling technique was used. In the common quintuple puncture group, the traditional "5-in-1" multiple penetrating needling technique was applied. In the fire needling group, the traditional multiple fire needling technique was adopted. The treatment was given once a day, 3 treatments made one session and the efficacy was analyzed statistically after 1 session treatment in the three groups. RESULTS: All of the three therapeutic methods achieved the efficacy on ganglion. The curative rate was 96. 7% (29/30) in the two-way quintuple puncture group, which was better obviously than 66.7% (20/30) in the common quintuple puncture group and 60. 0% (18/30) in the fire needling group (both P<0. 01). CONCLUSION: The two-way quintuple puncture technique achieves the remarkably superior efficacy on ganglion as compared with the common quintuple puncture technique and fire needling technique.