RESUMO
BACKGROUND: With the increase in various resin-based composites with varying monomeric formulations and fi llers had led to a significant number of problems, and one of such is postoperative pain. Clinician is in a dilemma what to select and what not to. The latest nanocomposite is there for a short while that no individual research is available currently, hence, this study was undertaken. The aim of this present study was to assess the cuspal deflection at each stage of polymerization for the incremental restoration of standardized large (mesio occlusal distal [MOD]) cavities with three posterior restorative resins. And also to assess the cervical microleakage. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 18 extracted upper premolar teeth were selected. Teeth were divided into three groups (A, B, and C), each group consisting six teeth, large (MOD) cavity preparation was done. Groups A, B, and C were restored with P60, Filtek supreme (3M, ESPE), and ormocer material (Admira:Voco). The lingual cusps of the extracted teeth were approximated to the receptor of a compactor - deflection measuring gauge, following each stage of polymerization using light emitting diode curing light a measurement of the cuspal deflection was recorded. The restored teeth were prepared for microleakage testing and were examined under stereomicroscope at ×25 for the extent of the cervical gingival microleakage. RESULTS: The cuspal deflection was the greatest for Filtek P60 and least for filtek supreme - nanocomposite with ormocer ranked between the two. For the microleakage, none of the materials were identified as producing less gingival microleakage. CONCLUSION: The lesser cuspal deflection values with filtek supreme nanocomposite could be due to resin chemistry and also filler particle size. Hence, this nanocomposite could be the first choice of material for use in large esthetic restorations.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The microbial flora of the oral cavity is extremely diverse. Residual bacteria in the oral cavity may remain at the tooth restoration interface and increase the risk of developing recurrent caries. The aim of this study is to evaluate the immediate and long term antibacterial effect of polymerised self etching adhesive systems. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Streptococcus mutans were used as a test organism. The self etching dental adhesives that were used are Adper Easy One, G-Bond, Clearfil S3 bond and Xeno V. Agar diffusion test (ADT) was performed on agar plates, in which four holes that were 4mm in diameter were punched. Then 200 µL of freshly grown S.mutans spread evenly. The four holes were immediately filled with the four tested materials and light polymerised them using a light curing unit. The agar plates were incubated for 72h at 37°C. For the direct contact test (DCT), the bonding agents were placed on the side walls of microtiter plate wells and light polymerized according to the manufacturer's instructions. A 10µL bacterial suspension was placed on the tested material samples. Bacteria were allowed to directly contact the polymerized dental adhesives for 1h at 37(o)C. Fresh Brain heart infusion broth was then added. The bacterial growth was then spectrophotometrically measured in the wells every 30 min for 16h for 1,2, 7 and 14 days. RESULTS: In the ADT, inhibitory halos were found around all the bonding agents, with greater inhibition halo seen around Xeno V after incubating for 72 h at 37°C. The readings obtained through DCT were subjected to ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons tests, which showed no bacterial growth on fresh samples and after aging for one day in PBS with self etching adhesives. RESULTS of DCT after aging for 2 days, 7 days and 14 days showed bacterial growth in all the bonding agents used with no significant difference from the control group.(p<0.001) CONCLUSION: All the dental adhesives showed antibacterial properties immediately and one day after polymerization but none of the self-etching adhesives had long-lasting antibacterial properties.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Smear layer is a negative factor which prevents adhesion of the filling material to the dentinal walls. Recent advances in dental research have incorporated lasers as a potential adjunct in root canal treatment by removing the smear layer before filling the root canal system, enhancing the adhesion of sealers to dentin and improving the sealing ability. AIM: To evaluate the microtensile bond strength of AH-Plus resin-based sealer to dentin after treatment with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm neodymium-doped:yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty specimens prepared for three groups namely group I (control), group II (980 nm diode-lased specimens) and group III (Nd:YAG-lased specimens). One tooth from each group was observed under scanning electron microscope for evaluation of intracanal root dentin morphology. Remaining specimens were used for making microsections by hard tissue microtome. Specimens for groups II and III were lased with 980 nm diode and 1,064 nm Nd:YAG laser. AH Plus sealer was applied onto specimens and mounted onto Instron universal testing machine for microtensile bond strength testing. Results were subjected to statistical analysis using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. RESULTS: Group III Nd:YAG had maximum mean microtensile bond strength values (11.558 ± 0.869), followed by group II diode (9.073 ± 0.468) and group I control (6.05 ± 0.036). Statistically significant differences were seen among all the groups. SEM analysis shows removal of smear layer in both groups II and III. CONCLUSION: Both Nd:YAG and diode laser were more effective than control group in improving the microtensile bond strength of AH Plus sealer to dentin. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: Lasers have the potential to increase the adhesiveness of root canal sealer to dentin surface, thereby improving the quality of root canal obturation.
