Parainfluenza-3 and bovine respiratory syncytial virus: intraherd correlation adjusted for sensitivity and specificity / Parainfluenza-3 y virus respiratorio bovino sincitial: correlación intrahato ajustado por la sensibilidad y especificidad

Objective. The purpose of this study was to compare the intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC) and design effects (D) estimates adjusted or unadjusted for sensibility (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the diagnostic tests using a Bayesian procedure. Materials and methods. Sera from 232 animals from 44 randomly selected herds, to detect antibodies against parainfluenza-3 virus (PIV3) from non-vaccinated dual-purpose cattle from Colima Mexico, were used. Only 176 animals from 33 herds were used to evaluate the presence of the bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV). Results. The ICC and D values adjusted and unadjusted for PIV3 were 0.33, 2.73, 0.32, and 2.71, respectively. For BRSV the values were 0.31, 2.64, 0.28 and 2.49. Conclusions. The adjusted or unadjusted ICC and D estimates were similar because of the high Se and Sp of the diagnostic tests and the relatively high prevalence of the diseases here studied.

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[Magnetic resonance imaging in long-term assessment after surgery for aortic coarctation]. / Valoración a largo plazo con resonancia magnética en pacientes corregidos de coartación de aorta.

OBJECTIVES: Spin echo or gradient echo magnetic resonance imaging provides enough information to plan patient management and can be completed with the use of three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography to evaluate the need for reintervention, assess follow-up, or discharge the patient. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1990-2003, we evaluated 101 patients after initial corrective surgery for aortic coarctation at the age of 3.1 +/- 3 years, with subsequent postoperative assessment at 1 year and again 12.4 +/- 4.2 years later. No mortality was registered during the follow-up. Corrective surgery was performed in 32 patients (31.6 %) before the first month of life. All the patients were evaluated with spin-echo and echo gradient and 34 were evaluated with magnetic resonance angiography. The patients were classified into two groups: group A consisted of 68 patients (11 < 1 month old) with no complications. End-to-end anastomosis was performed in 55, the Alvarez technique in five, the Waldhausen technique in six, and conduit in two. Group B consisted of 33 patients complicated with early aortic recoarctation (21 corrected before the age of 1 month). End-to-end anastomosis was performed in 29, the Alvarez technique in two, and grafting in two. During the follow-up, 43 reinterventions were performed. Isthmus diameter/descending aorta diameter at the diaphragmatic level and repaired site diameter/descending aorta diameter at the diaphragmatic level were measured. RESULTS: Group A: the isthmus diameter/descending aorta diameter at the diaphragmatic level index was 0.92 +/- 0.08 and the repaired site diameter/ descending aorta diameter at diaphragmatic level index was 0.90 +/- 0.05. Twenty-three patients were assessed by means of three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography, which revealed two late stenosis (one in a 10-year-old patient with an end-to-end anastomosis performed previously, and another in an 18-year-old patient with a proximal and distal obstructed conduit). Group B: the isthmus diameter/descending aorta diameter index was 0.84 +/- 0.1 and the repaired site diameter/ descending aorta diameter index was 0.82 +/- 0.11. Eleven patients were assessed by means of three-dimensional magnetic resonance angiography, which revealed five stenosis indexes (0.53-0.73) surgically corrected before the age of 2 months, four with an initial technique based on end-to-end anastomosis and one with a graft. CONCLUSIONS: Our results support the influence of young age, the use of end-to-end anastomosis and grafts in recoarctation and their late influence on recurrent recoarctation. The patients in group A were discharged in childhood or adulthood after periodic follow-up every 5 years with magnetic resonance angiography for 18 years with results within the normal range, while patients in group B required longer follow-up.

[Criss-cross heart with atrioventricular discordance, straddling A-V valve, double outlet right ventricle and preexcitation]. / Criss-cross con discordancia auriculoventricular, acabalgamiento de la válvula auriculoventricular derecha, doble salida del ventrículo derecho y preexcitación.

We report the case of a newborn with cyanosis, dyspnea, and supraventricular tachycardia due to reentry with good response to medical therapy. The diagnosis was made by echocardiography. The patient died suddenly at 6 days of follow-up. Necropsy confirmed the following anomaly: criss-cross heart with straddling right atrioventricular valve, and left atrioventricular valve stenosis connected to the anterior trabeculated ventricle giving rise to the pulmonary artery and aorta.Precocious rotation when septal closure is not concluded favors atrioventricular valve anomalies and rhythm disorders.

Prevalencia de los parásitos y las alteraciones histológicas que producen a las tilapias de la laguna de Amela, Tecomán, Colima / Prevalence of parasites and their histological lesions in tilapia from the lake of Amela, Tecoman, Colima, Mexico

Se colectaron 105 tilapias de la laguna de Amela, Tecomán, Colima, pertenecientes a las especies Oreochromis aureus y Oreochromis mossambicus en cinco muestreos. El objetivo fue la identificación de parásitos y la descripción de las alteraciones histológicas que producen a las tilapias. Los peces se recolectaron con las artes de pesca tradicional utilizadas por los cooperativistas. A cada organismo se le efectuó una revisión bajo el microscopio estereoscópico para la búsqueda de parásitos; cuando éstos se encontraron, se fijaron y montaron para su determinación taxonómica, siguiendo las técnicas convencionales para cada grupo. Asimismo, se incluyeron todos los órganos para estudio histológico, utilizando la técnica de inclusión en parafina y teñidos con Hematoxilina-eosina. En 3(3 por ciento) tilapias se localizaron 53 metacercarias de Clinostomum complanatum enquistadas en la epidermis y en la aleta dorsal, ocasionando una dermatitis eosinofílica moderada. En una graza gris (Nictycorax nictycorax) se encontró el trematodo adulto de Clinostomum complanatum. En los globos oculares, en humor vítreo y acuoso, de 58 (55 por ciento) tilapias se colectaron 227 metacercarias de Diplostomum A. compactum, que causaron lesiones en córnea y conjuntiva, así como neuritis óptica e iridociclitis eosinofílica, uveitis anterior y posterior, y cataratas. También se colectaron 110 metacercarias de Diplostomum A. compactum del encéfalo de 38 (36 por ciento) tilapias, lo que causó lesiones histológicas como gliosis multifocal, meningitis eosinofílica, espongiosis y un quiste parasitario en el telencéfalo. Se colectaron 6 trematodos adultos del género Saccocoelioides sp del intestino anterior de 4 (4 por ciento) tilapias, lo que produjo alteraciones histológicas de hiperplasia de células calciformes, necrosis e infiltrado inflamatorio eosinofílico