RESUMO
Symptoms of postpartum depression and anxiety in new mothers are prevalent and negatively impact maternal emotional wellbeing and infant development. Barriers to accessing treatment prevent women from receiving mental health care, a situation that has worsened due to the COVID-19 pandemic. mHealth interventions hold the potential to support women during the transition to parenthood despite these barriers and to promote the use of preventive interventions. This study uses a mixed methods design to assess the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of a psychoeducational, guided mHealth intervention to prevent postpartum mental health difficulties in women who receive care in primary health centers in Chile. The study will contribute to evidence-based research on the effectiveness of mHealth interventions for new mothers from an understudied cultural background. The findings will also enable the development of a larger randomized controlled trial to assess the effectiveness of the intervention, which, if effective, could significantly contribute to the emotional wellbeing of women and their families.
Assuntos
COVID-19 , Depressão Pós-Parto , Intervenção Baseada em Internet , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Ansiedade/prevenção & controle , Chile , COVID-19/prevenção & controle , Depressão Pós-Parto/prevenção & controle , Estudos de Viabilidade , Mães/psicologia , PandemiasRESUMO
The development of thermosensitive bioadhesive hydrogels as multifunctional platforms for the controlled delivery of microbicides is a valuable contribution for the in situ treatment of vagina infections. In this work, novel semi-interpenetrating network (s-IPN) hydrogels were prepared by the entrapment of linear poly(methyl vinyl ether-alt-maleic anhydride) (PVME-MA) chains within crosslinked 3D structures of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm). The multifunctional platforms were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, thermal techniques, rheological analysis, swelling kinetic measurements, and bioadhesion tests on porcine skin. The hydrogels exhibited an interconnected porous structure with defined boundaries. An elastic, solid-like behavior was predominant in all formulations. The swelling kinetics were strongly dependent on temperature (25 °C and 37 °C) and pH (7.4 and 4.5) conditions. The s-IPN with the highest content of PVME-MA displayed a significantly higher detachment force (0.413 ± 0.014 N) than the rest of the systems. The metronidazole loading in the s-IPN improved its bioadhesiveness. In vitro experiments showed a sustained release of the antibiotic molecules from the s-IPN up to 48 h (94%) in a medium simulating vaginal fluid, at 37 °C. The thermosensitive and bioadhesive PNIPAAm/PVME-MA systems showed a promising performance for the controlled release of metronidazole in the vaginal environment.
RESUMO
Los peces larvívoros han sido estudiados como posibles agentes de control biológico de larvas y pupas de mosquitos a través de sus interacciones tróficas. El uso de peces nativos para el control de mosquitos puede tener beneficios tanto para la biodiversidad acuática como para la salud humana. La evaluación del efecto de la vegetación sobre la eficacia depredadora es fundamental para determinar si esta especie puede usarse como un agente de control biológico. Con el objetivo de evaluar a Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842) como agente de biocontrol de Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758, probamos su capacidad depredadora en presencia o ausencia de vegetación acuática en condiciones de laboratorio. Se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos independientes. El consumo de larvas a una densidad de 60 larvas (6 larvas / l) se redujo significativamente con el aumento de la vegetación. Por otro lado, cuando la densidad larval fue de 120 (12 larvas / l), la capacidad depredadora de J. multidentata no varía en la presencia o ausencia de vegetación. Este resultado indicó que el efecto de la vegetación en el consumo podría estar relacionado con la densidad de presas, ya que a mayor densidad de presas se podría incrementar la probabilidad de encuentro entre depredador y presa. Jenynsia multidentata es un buen consumidor en presencia de vegetación y podría ser usado como un potencial agente de control biológico de larvas de mosquitos en ambientes naturales con características similares a las probadas en estos experimentos.(AU)
Larvivorous fish have been studied as potential biocontrol agents of mosquito larvae and pupae through their trophic interactions. The use of native sh for mosquito control may have benets for both aquatic biodiversity and human health. Evaluating the effect of vegetation on the predatory efficacy is fundamental to determine if this species can be used as a biocontrol agent. With the aim of evaluating Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842) as a biocontrol agent of Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758, we tested its predatory capacity in the presence or absence of aquatic vegetation under laboratory conditions. Two independent experiments were conducted. Larval consumption at a density of 60 larvae (6 larvae/l) was significantly reduced with the vegetation increased. On the other hand, when the larval density was 120 (12 larvae/l), the predatory capacity of J. multidentata did not vary in the presence or absence of vegetation. This result indicated that vegetation effect on consumption could be related to prey density, since at the higher density of prey the probability of predator-prey encounter might be increased. Jenynsia multidentata is a good consumer in presence of vegetation and could be used as a potential biocontrol agent of mosquito larvae in natural environments with similar characteristics to the ones tested in these experiments.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Peixes/anatomia & histologia , Peixes/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Larva , Comportamento Predatório , Controle Biológico de VetoresRESUMO
Los peces larvívoros han sido estudiados como posibles agentes de control biológico de larvas y pupas de mosquitos a través de sus interacciones tróficas. El uso de peces nativos para el control de mosquitos puede tener beneficios tanto para la biodiversidad acuática como para la salud humana. La evaluación del efecto de la vegetación sobre la eficacia depredadora es fundamental para determinar si esta especie puede usarse como un agente de control biológico. Con el objetivo de evaluar a Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842) como agente de biocontrol de Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758, probamos su capacidad depredadora en presencia o ausencia de vegetación acuática en condiciones de laboratorio. Se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos independientes. El consumo de larvas a una densidad de 60 larvas (6 larvas / l) se redujo significativamente con el aumento de la vegetación. Por otro lado, cuando la densidad larval fue de 120 (12 larvas / l), la capacidad depredadora de J. multidentata no varía en la presencia o ausencia de vegetación. Este resultado indicó que el efecto de la vegetación en el consumo podría estar relacionado con la densidad de presas, ya que a mayor densidad de presas se podría incrementar la probabilidad de encuentro entre depredador y presa. Jenynsia multidentata es un buen consumidor en presencia de vegetación y podría ser usado como un potencial agente de control biológico de larvas de mosquitos en ambientes naturales con características similares a las probadas en estos experimentos.
Larvivorous fish have been studied as potential biocontrol agents of mosquito larvae and pupae through their trophic interactions. The use of native sh for mosquito control may have benets for both aquatic biodiversity and human health. Evaluating the effect of vegetation on the predatory efficacy is fundamental to determine if this species can be used as a biocontrol agent. With the aim of evaluating Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842) as a biocontrol agent of Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758, we tested its predatory capacity in the presence or absence of aquatic vegetation under laboratory conditions. Two independent experiments were conducted. Larval consumption at a density of 60 larvae (6 larvae/l) was significantly reduced with the vegetation increased. On the other hand, when the larval density was 120 (12 larvae/l), the predatory capacity of J. multidentata did not vary in the presence or absence of vegetation. This result indicated that vegetation effect on consumption could be related to prey density, since at the higher density of prey the probability of predator-prey encounter might be increased. Jenynsia multidentata is a good consumer in presence of vegetation and could be used as a potential biocontrol agent of mosquito larvae in natural environments with similar characteristics to the ones tested in these experiments.
Assuntos
Animais , Comportamento Predatório , Controle Biológico de Vetores , Larva , Peixes/anatomia & histologia , Peixes/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
RESUMEN Los peces larvívoros han sido estudiados como posibles agentes de control biológico de larvas y pupas de mosquitos a través de sus interacciones tróficas. El uso de peces nativos para el control de mosquitos puede tener beneficios tanto para la biodiversidad acuática como para la salud humana. La evaluación del efecto de la vegetación sobre la eficacia depredadora es fundamental para determinar si esta especie puede usarse como un agente de control biológico. Con el objetivo de evaluar a Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842) como agente de biocontrol de Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758, probamos su capacidad depredadora en presencia o ausencia de vegetación acuática en condiciones de laboratorio. Se llevaron a cabo dos experimentos independientes. El consumo de larvas a una densidad de 60 larvas (6 larvas / l) se redujo significativamente con el aumento de la vegetación. Por otro lado, cuando la densidad larval fue de 120 (12 larvas / l), la capacidad depredadora de J. multidentata no varía en la presencia o ausencia de vegetación. Este resultado indicó que el efecto de la vegetación en el consumo podría estar relacionado con la densidad de presas, ya que a mayor densidad de presas se podría incrementar la probabilidad de encuentro entre depredador y presa. Jenynsia multidentata es un buen consumidor en presencia de vegetación y podría ser usado como un potencial agente de control biológico de larvas de mosquitos en ambientes naturales con características similares a las probadas en estos experimentos.
ABSTRACT Larvivorous fish have been studied as potential biocontrol agents of mosquito larvae and pupae through their trophic interactions. The use of native sh for mosquito control may have benets for both aquatic biodiversity and human health. Evaluating the effect of vegetation on the predatory efficacy is fundamental to determine if this species can be used as a biocontrol agent. With the aim of evaluating Jenynsia multidentata (Jenyns, 1842) as a biocontrol agent of Culex pipiens Linnaeus, 1758, we tested its predatory capacity in the presence or absence of aquatic vegetation under laboratory conditions. Two independent experiments were conducted. Larval consumption at a density of 60 larvae (6 larvae/l) was significantly reduced with the vegetation increased. On the other hand, when the larval density was 120 (12 larvae/l), the predatory capacity of J. multidentata did not vary in the presence or absence of vegetation. This result indicated that vegetation effect on consumption could be related to prey density, since at the higher density of prey the probability of predator-prey encounter might be increased. Jenynsia multidentata is a good consumer in presence of vegetation and could be used as a potential biocontrol agent of mosquito larvae in natural environments with similar characteristics to the ones tested in these experiments.
RESUMO
Abstract Bread is one of the most consumed foods in the world, and alternatives have been sought to extend its shell life, and freezing is one of the most popular methods. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of freezing rate and trehalose concentration on the fermentative and viscoelastic properties of dough and bread quality. Dough was prepared and trehalose was added at three concentrations (0, 400, 800 ppm); dough was pre fermented and frozen at two freezing rates then stored for 42 days. Frozen dough samples were thawed every two weeks. CO2 production and elastic and viscous modulus were determined. In addition, bread was elaborated and specific volume and firmness were evaluated. High trehalose concentrations (400 and 800 ppm) produced dough with the best viscoelastic and fermentative properties. Greater bread volume and less firmness were observed when a slow freezing rate (-.14 °C/min) was employed.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Adulto , Arteriopatias Oclusivas , Calciofilaxia , Diálise Renal , Distúrbios do Metabolismo do CálcioRESUMO
Gp90 and gp45 synthetic peptides, which mimic conserved sequences of native viral proteins, are recognized by antibodies to equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) in asymptomatic carrier horses and generate humoral and cellular responses in immunized mice. Cytokine mRNA levels were evaluated in equine peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) after in vitro stimulation with gp90 and gp45 with the aim of determining the cytokine profile associated with the proliferative response. Stimulation index (SI) values indicate that 100 and 60% of EIAV-infected horses recognized gp90 and gp45, respectively. A strong positive correlation was found between IL-12p40 and SI, IFN-gamma and SI, and IL-12p40 and IFN-gamma (p < 0.001). These results suggest the presence of specific memory cells that would contribute to maintain reinfection resistance and that conserved viral regions represented by gp90 and gp45 synthetic peptides may be good candidates for inclusion in vaccine strategies against EIAV.
Assuntos
Citocinas/biossíntese , Glicoproteínas/imunologia , Vírus da Anemia Infecciosa Equina/imunologia , Peptídeos/imunologia , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/imunologia , Animais , Células Cultivadas , Perfilação da Expressão Gênica , Cavalos , Memória Imunológica , Leucócitos Mononucleares/imunologia , Camundongos , Peptídeos/síntese química , RNA Mensageiro/biossínteseRESUMO
Se realiza un estudio clínico abierto en 50 pacientes con infecciones primarias y secundarias de la piel a fin de comparar la eficacia clínica y bacteriológica entre Mupirocin tópico al 2% y Cefalexina oral, en ambos grupos la duración del tratamiento fue de 7 días, con evaluaciones clínicas y bacteriológicas antes y después del mismo; se evaluaron efectos colaterales. Los resultados demostraron que la relación cura-mejoría-falla clínica para el Mupirocin al 2% fue: 75% / 25% / 0 y para la Cefalexina fue: 53,8% / 42,3 / 3,8%. La relación cura-falla bacteriológica para el Mupirocin fue: 100% / 0, mientras que para la Cefalexina fue: 65,4% / 34,6% ; evidenciando una eficacia tanto clínica como bacteriológica superior del Mupirocin tópico al 2% sobre la Cefalexina oral en el tratamiento de las infecciones cutáneas
Assuntos
Humanos , Cefalexina/uso terapêutico , Impetigo/tendências , Infecções/secundário , Pele/lesõesRESUMO
Campylobacter pylori posee una fuerte capacidad ureasa. Esta se puede dmostrar en un medio de cultivo que contenga urea, la que será desdoblada por la enzima produciéndose alcalinización del medio y cambio de color del indicador incorporado al mismo. Con el objeto de evaluar la utilidad del medio de urea (usado rutinariamente en el laboratorio) para el diagnóstico de infección por campylobacter pylori, se estudiaron 50 pacientes con patología gastrointraduodenal a quienes se tomaron dos muestras de biopsia de antro, una colocada en base de Agar Urea (Difco) y otra en solución fisiológica para coloración de Gram y cultivo en medios enriquecidos y selectivos. En 39 pacientes se demostró Campylobacter pylori por coloración de Gram y/o cultivo. De éstos, 38 tuvieron prueba de la ureasa positiva; 24 (61,5%) en la 1ª hora, 8 (20,5%) entre la 1ª y 4ª horas y 6 (15,3%) entre la 4ª y las 24 horas. La sensibilidad de la prueba subió de 61,5% en la primera hora a 82,0% y 97,3% en la 4ª y 24 horas respectivametne. La especificidad fue de 100% en todas las lecturas. Consideramos que la prueba de la ureasa con medio de base de Agar Urea es útil para el diagnóstico de infección por Campylobacter pylori. Sin embargo, recomendamos el uso de dos o tres métodos combinados para mayor seguridad