RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTEGRITY OF HENLE FIBERS AND VISUAL ACUITY IN MYOPIC FOVEOSCHISIS.

BACKGROUND: To analyze the relationship between Henle fiber (HF) integrity and visual acuity in highly myopic eyes with foveoschisis. METHODS: Three hundred and fifty-eight highly myopic eyes were included in this study and divided into three groups according to the Triton optical coherence tomography results. Group 1 included 19 eyes with myopic foveoschisis where the inner and outer retina were connected by a columnar structure in the HF layer at the foveolar area. Group 2 included 17 eyes with myopic foveoschisis where the columnar structure was disrupted in the HF layer at the foveolar area. Group 3 included 322 eyes without myopic foveoschisis or other ocular disease. Clinical and optical coherence tomography findings were obtained and compared. RESULTS: Eyes with vitreomacular traction, arteriolar traction, and longer axial length were more likely to have myopic foveoschisis with intact columnar structure in the HF layer (odds ratio [OR], 12.84; P = 0.001; OR, 7.63; P = 0.04; OR, 2.03; P = 0.03) and with disrupted columnar structure in the HF layer (OR, 65.21; P = 0.001; OR, 6.60; P = 0.02; OR, 2.63; P = 0.01). Moreover, eyes with disrupted columnar structure in the HF layer presented a lower best-corrected visual acuity (P = 0.001), longer axial length (P = 0.001; P = 0.009), higher central foveolar thickness (P = 0.001; P = 0.02), and a higher prevalence of vitreomacular traction (P = 0.001; P = 0.04) than control or integrity HF eyes. Furthermore, worse best-corrected visual acuity was related to myopic foveoschisis with disrupted columnar structure in the HF layer (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The integrity of HF in patients with myopic foveoschisis appears to play an important role in visual acuity.

Correlation between retinal nerve fibre layer thickness and white matter lesions in Alzheimer's disease.

OBJECTIVES: Early diagnosis in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is crucial in order to implement new therapeutic strategies. The retina is embryologically related to the brain. Thus, the possible usefulness of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in the early detection of AD is currently being studied. Our aim was to study the relationship between retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness and AD. METHODS: We undertook an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study with consecutive sampling of 32 patients with AD or mild cognitive impairment and a group of healthy controls (C). The total number of eyes studied was 64. An ophthalmological and a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation were performed in all participants. Quantification of white matter lesions and study of atrophy of the hippocampus by cerebral magnetic resonance were also performed. RESULTS: We observed a significant linear trend towards a thinning of RNFL as the degree of cognitive deterioration increased, in the superior and temporal quadrants of the retina. A significant correlation was also noted between the mean thickness of the RNFL of the left temporal quadrant and occipital white matter lesions (r = -0.579, p = 0.038). CONCLUSIONS: OCT could be a safe, rapid noninvasive tool providing useful biomarkers in the early detection of cognitive deterioration and AD.

Multicenter validation study of the WINROP algorithm as a method for detecting retinopathy of prematurity.

Purpose: To assess the validity of the online WINROP algorithm in two Spanish populations of premature infants.Materials and methods: The study population consisted of 502 premature infants born in the San Cecilio University Hospital of Granada and the Regional University Hospital of Málaga in the years 2000-2015. The WINROP algorithm was used to determine an alarm threshold for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). The results were compared with those obtained from serial examinations of premature infants.Results: The global WINROP algorithm showed a sensitivity of 62%, specificity of 74%, positive predictive value (PPV) of 59%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 77%. This algorithm showed a greater sensitivity (76%) to identify severe ROP.Conclusions: The WINROP screening algorithm in this study showed moderate sensitivity, so many ROP cases amenable to treatment were not detected. Other criteria should be added to the algorithm to increase the sensitivity.

FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH SEROUS RETINAL DETACHMENT IN HIGHLY MYOPIC EYES WITH VERTICAL OVAL-SHAPED DOME.

PURPOSE: This study investigated factors associated with persistent serous retinal detachment in highly myopic eyes with vertical oval-shaped domes. METHODS: Twenty-eight highly myopic patients (40 eyes) with smooth macular elevations related to a vertical oval-shaped dome were recruited. Serous retinal detachment was investigated; 11 eyes had persistent submacular fluid (study group) and 29 eyes lacked submacular fluid (control group). All patients underwent complete ophthalmologic examinations, including axial-length measurement and fluorescein angiography. Spectral domain optical coherence tomography scans through the fovea measured choroidal thicknesses, macular bulge height, and vitreoretinal interface factors. RESULTS: No studied variables (age, sex, spherical equivalence, axial length, vitreomacular traction, epiretinal membrane, and internal limiting membrane detachment) except higher macular bulge height (P = 0.03) and a reduced macular choroidal thickness (P = 0.02) were associated with the risk of serous retinal detachment. No statistically significant differences in best-corrected visual acuity were observed between the study and control groups. Serous retinal detachment always occurred at the top of the inward incurvation of the macula and was characterized by multiple hyperfluorescent granular patches on fluorescein angiography. CONCLUSION: A higher macular bulge height and a reduced macular choroidal thickness might be important factors in the development of serous retinal detachment in patients with vertical oval-shaped domes.