Percutaneous Gastrostomies: Associated Complications in PUSH vs. PULL Techniques over 12 Years in a Referral Centre.

Objectives: To compare complications associated with percutaneous gastrostomies performed using PUSH and PULL techniques, whether endoscopic (PEG) or radiological (PRG), in a tertiary-level hospital. Methods: This was a prospective observational study. Adult patients who underwent percutaneous PULL or PUSH gastrostomy using PEG or PRG techniques at the Virgen del Rocio University Hospital and subsequently followed up in the Nutrition Unit between 2009-2020 were included. X2 tests or Fisher's test were used for the comparison of proportions when necessary. Univariate analysis was conducted to study risk factors for PRG-associated complications. Results: n = 423 (PULL = 181; PUSH = 242). The PULL technique was associated with a higher percentage of total complications (37.6% vs. 23.8%; p = 0.005), exudate (18.2% vs. 11.2%; p = 0.039), and irritation (3.3% vs. 0%; p = 0.006). In the total sample, there were 5 (1.1%) cases of peritonitis, 3 (0.7%) gastrocolic fistulas, and 1 (0.2%) death due to complications associated with gastrostomy. Gender, age, and different indications were not risk factors for a higher number of complications. The most common indications were neurological diseases (35.9%), head and neck cancer (29%), and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (17.2%). Conclusions: The PULL technique was associated with more total complications than the PUSH technique, but both were shown to be safe techniques, as the majority of complications were minor.

La trilogía del enfermerode práctica avanzada paramejorar la efectividaden las heridas crónicas en elDistrito Sanitario Almería / The trilogy of the advanced practice nurse to improve the effectiveness in chronic wounds in Almeria Health District

Objetivos: Analizar el concepto coste-efectividad sobre el registro de heridas, así como acerca del consumo de apósitos prescritos desde la aplicación informática Diraya tras la formación realizada en heridas durante el año 2022 por el enfermero de práctica avanzada en heridas crónicas complejas (EPA-HCC) en el Distrito Sanitario Almería (DSA). Metodología: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo desde el 1 de enero al 31 de diciembre del año 2022, analizando en 2 semestres los costes económicos en consumo de apósitos. Resultados: En el año 2022 se formaron un total de 604 enfermeras en heridas, de las cuales 579 fueron formadas por el EPA-HCC del DSA en el segundo semestre. Tras esta formación se realizó un total de 15.648 registros, por lo que en el registro se produjo un incremento del porcentaje del 18,08% durante el segundo semestre y se obtuvo un ahorro económico de 63.049 € (–24,73%) entre los años 2021 y 2022, mientras que la estimación durante el segundo semestre fue de –73.982 €. Conclusiones: La formación realizada por el EPA-HCC mejora los conocimientos de los profesionales, incrementa los registros y consigue una optimización de los recursos.(AU)

Objectives: To analyze the cost-effectiveness concept of wound registry, as well as the consumption of dressings prescribed from the Diraya computer application after the training carried out in wounds during the year 2022 by the advanced practice nurse in complex chronic wounds (EPA-HCC) in Distrito Sanitario Almería (DSA). Methodology: Retrospective descriptive study from January 1 to December 31, 2022, analyzing in two semesters the economic costs in dressing consumption. Results: A total of 604 wound nurses were trained in 2022, of which 579 were trained by the EPA-HCC of DSA in the second semester. After this training, a total of 15,648 registrations were made, resulting in a percentage increase in registration in the second semester of 18.08%, obtaining an economic saving of 63,049 € (–24.73%) obtained between the years 2021 and 2022, while the estimate saving in the second semester was –73,982 €. Conclusions: The training carried out by the EPA-HCC improves the knowledge of professionals, increases registrations and achieves an optimization of resources.(AU)

Protocolo de uso de los sistemas de velcros yuxtapuestos para el abordaje de úlceras venosas de piernas en el Servicio Andaluz de Salud / Protocol for the use of juxtaposed velcro systems to address venous leg ulcers in the Andalusian Health Service

Objetivos: El objetivo principal de este estudio es elaborar un protocolo de indicación de los sistemas de velcros yuxtapuestos para el abordaje de la úlcera venosa de pierna en el Servicio Andaluz de Salud. Para su consecución se llevó a cabo un análisis de coste-efectividad de los diferentes sistemas de vendas existentes como productos sanitarios para el tratamiento de úlceras de etiología venosa, donde se evaluó los sistemas de velcros yuxtapuestos para su incorporación e inclusión en la plataforma logística del sistema sanitario público andaluz. Para su consecución, se llevó a cabo un análisis de la evidencia disponibles sobre los del sistema de velcros yuxtapuestos en pacientes con úlceras venosas de piernas. Y finalmente se desarrollaron los criterios de autorización en el uso de los sistemas de velcros yuxtapuestos por parte de los profesionales sanitarios del sistema sanitario público andaluz. Resultados: El sistema de vendas de velcros yuxtapuestos está avalado por la evidencia científica para su empleo en úlceras venosas en miembro inferior, así como para el tratamiento para la prevención de las recidivas. Asimismo, en este artículo se compara el sistema de vendas de velcros yuxtapuestos con otros sistemas de vendas instaurados, y muestra ser un producto sanitario coste-efectivo. Discusión: El sistema de vendaje de velcros yuxtapuestos proporciona una autonomía y una mejora de la calidad de vida a los pacientes con dificultades para usar una media o que no tengan posibilidad de que un profesional sanitario realice los cambios de vendaje. Es un sistema coste-efectivo para el tratamiento de las úlceras venosas de pierna.(AU)

Objectives: The main objective of this study is to develop a protocol for the indication of juxtaposed velcro systems for the approach to UVP in the Andalusian Health Service. To achieve this, a cost-effectiveness analysis of the different bandage systems existing as sanitary products for the treatment of ulcers of venous etiology was carried out, where the juxtaposed velcro systems were evaluated for their incorporation and inclusion in the logistics platform of the Andalusian public health system (SSPA). To achieve this, an analysis of the available evidence on the juxtaposed velcro system in patients with UVP was carried out. And finally, the authorization criteria for the use of juxtaposed velcro systems by health professionals of the SSPA were developed. Results: The juxtaposed velcro bandage system is supported by scientific evidence for its use in venous ulcers in the lower limb, as well as for treatment to prevent recurrences. Likewise, in this article it is compared with other established bandage systems, showing it to be a cost-effective health product. Discussion: The juxtaposed velcro bandage system provides autonomy and an improvement in the quality of life for those patients with difficulties in wearing a stocking or who do not have the possibility of a healthcare professional making bandage changes. Being a cost-effective system for the treatment of venous leg ulcers.(AU)

Gastrostomies: experience and complications with three modalities in a tertiary centre over a 26-year period.

Objectives: To describe the complications associated with the different gastrostomy techniques [endoscopic (PEG), radiologic (PRG), and surgical (SG)] performed in the last 26 years in a terciary hospital. Methods: Retrospective observational study. Patients who underwent gastrostomy at the Virgen del Rocío University Hospital between 1995 and 2021 were included. For PEG, the PULL technique was performed until 2018 and subsequently the PUSH technique predominantly. For PRG, a pigtail catheter was used until 2003, a balloon catheter between 2003 and 2009, and a balloon catheter with gastropexy between 2015 and 2021. For SG, the conventional technique (CSG) was performed until 2009 and since then the laparoscopic assisted percutaneous gastrostomy (PLAG) technique. Descriptive analysis was performed obtaining the median and quartiles of the quantitative variables [P50 (P25-P75)] and the frequency for the qualitative variables [n (%)].The comparison of complications between patients who underwent different techniques was performed with Fisher's test. Results: n = 1,070 (PEG = 608, PRG = 344, SG = 118). The three most frequent indications were head and neck tumors, neurological diseases and gastroesophageal tumors. The percentage of patients who had any complication was 48.9% (PEG-PULL), 23.7% (PEG-PUSH), 38.5% (pigtail PRG), 39.2% (balloon PRG), 29.7% (balloon with gastropexy PRG), 87.3% (CSG), and 41.26% (PLAG). 2 (0.18%) patients died from gastrostomy-related complications. 18(1.68%) presented with peritonitis and 5 (0.4%) presented with gastrocolic fistula. The rest of the complications were minor. Conclusion: Gastrostomy in any of its modalities is currently a safe procedure with a low rate of complications, most of which are minor.

Time-Tested Strategies in Modern Context: A Bibliometric Study of Chemotherapy's Continued Importance in Colorectal Cancer Treatment.

In the landscape of colorectal cancer treatment, classical chemotherapeutic agents such as 5-fluorouracil, capecitabine, irinotecan, oxaliplatin, trifluridine, and tipiracil have historically played a pivotal role. This study presents a comprehensive bibliometric analysis of the top 100 most influential articles focusing on these classic chemotherapy drugs in the management of colorectal cancer. With this, we shed light on their current importance, despite the emergence of new therapeutic targets and treatments in the field of oncology. Systematically evaluating research outputs, this analysis reveals a prevalence of co-authorship among institutions, countries (led by the United States, China, and Europe), and researchers highlighting the global and collaborative nature of efforts in research, utilization, and development of these drugs. Three thematic axes lead the research: pharmacogenetics, the development of new pharmaceutical forms, and the use of adjuvants. This research serves as a foundation for future endeavors, aiding researchers, clinicians, and policymakers in making informed decisions about the direction of research and development in the dynamic field of colorectal cancer therapy.

Ivabradine for controlling heart rate in permanent atrial fibrillation: A translational clinical trial.

BACKGROUND: Pharmacological options for rate control in atrial fibrillation are scarce. Ivabradine was postulated to reduce the ventricular rate in this setting. OBJECTIVES: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the mechanism of inhibition of atrioventricular conduction produced by ivabradine and to determine its efficacy and safety in atrial fibrillation. METHODS: The effects of ivabradine on atrioventricular node and ventricular cells were studied by in vitro whole-cell patch-clamp experiments and mathematical simulation of human action potentials. In parallel, a multicenter, randomized, open-label, phase III clinical trial compared ivabradine with digoxin for uncontrolled permanent atrial fibrillation despite ß-blocker or calcium channel blocker treatment. RESULTS: Ivabradine 1 µM inhibited "funny" current and rapidly activating delayed rectifier potassium channel current by 28.9% and 22.8%, respectively (P < .05). The sodium channel current and L-type calcium channel current were reduced only at 10 µM. Ivabradine slowed the firing frequency of a modeled human atrioventricular node action potential by 10.6% and induced a minimal prolongation of ventricular action potential. Thirty-five (51.5%) patients were randomized to ivabradine and 33 (49.5%) to digoxin. The mean daytime heart rate decreased by 11.6 beats/min (-11.5%) in the ivabradine arm (P = .02) vs 19.6 (-20.6%) in the digoxin arm (P < .001), although the noninferiority margin of efficacy was not met (Z = -1.95; P = .97). The primary safety end point occurred in 3 patients (8.6%) on ivabradine and in 8 (24.2%) on digoxin (P = .10). CONCLUSION: Ivabradine produced a moderate rate reduction in patients with permanent atrial fibrillation. The inhibition of funny current in the atrioventricular node seems to be the main mechanism responsible for this reduction. Compared with digoxin, ivabradine was less effective, was better tolerated, and had a similar rate of serious adverse events.

Endoscopic removal of lumen-apposing metal stents - risk factors for stent embedment, complex removals, and adverse events: analysis from a multicenter prospective case series.

BACKGROUND: Removing lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMSs) may be difficult and even harmful, but these features have seldom been analyzed. We aimed to generate a comprehensive assessment of the feasibility and safety of LAMS retrieval procedures. METHODS: A prospective multicenter case series including all technically successfully deployed LAMSs between January 2019 and January 2020 that underwent endoscopic stent removal. All retrieval-related data were prospectively recorded using standardized telephone questionnaires as part of centralized follow-up that ended after stent removal had been performed. Multivariable logistic regression models assessed the potential risk factors for complex removal. RESULTS: For the 407 LAMSs included, removal was attempted in 158 (38.8 %) after an indwell time of 46.5 days (interquartile range [IQR] 31-70). The median (IQR) removal time was 2 (1-4) minutes. Removal was labelled as complex in 13 procedures (8.2 %), although advanced endoscopic maneuvers were required in only two (1.3 %). Complex removal risk factors were stent embedment (relative risk [RR] 5.84, 95 %CI 2.14-15.89; P = 0.001), over-the-wire deployment (RR 4.66, 95 %CI 1.60-13.56; P = 0.01), and longer indwell times (RR 1.14, 95 %CI 1.03-1.27; P = 0.01). Partial and complete embedment were observed in 14 (8.9 %) and five cases (3.2 %), respectively. The embedment rate during the first 6 weeks was 3.1 % (2/65), reaching 15.9 % (10/63) during the following 6 weeks (P = 0.02). The adverse event rate was 5.1 %, including seven gastrointestinal bleeds (5 mild, 2 moderate). CONCLUSIONS: LAMS removal is a safe procedure, mostly requiring basic endoscopic techniques attainable in conventional endoscopy rooms. Referral to advanced endoscopy units should be considered for stents with known embedment or long indwell times, which may require more technically demanding procedures.

Clinical utility of urinary gluten immunogenic peptides in the follow-up of patients with coeliac disease.

BACKGROUND: Gluten-free diet (GFD) is the only treatment for patients with coeliac disease (CD) and its compliance should be monitored to avoid cumulative damage. AIMS: To analyse gluten exposures of coeliac patients on GFD for at least 24 months using different monitoring tools and its impact on duodenal histology at 12-month follow-up and evaluate the interval of determination of urinary gluten immunogenic peptides (u-GIP) for the monitoring of GFD adherence. METHODS: Ninety-four patients with CD on a GFD for at least 24 months were prospectively included. Symptoms, serology, CDAT questionnaire, and u-GIP (three samples/visit) were analysed at inclusion, 3, 6, and 12 months. Duodenal biopsy was performed at inclusion and 12 months. RESULTS: At inclusion, 25.8% presented duodenal mucosal damage; at 12 months, this percentage reduced by half. This histological improvement was indicated by a reduction in u-GIP but did not correlate with the remaining tools. The determination of u-GIP detected a higher number of transgressions than serology, regardless of histological evolution type. The presence of >4 u-GIP-positive samples out of 12 collected during 12 months predicted histological lesion with a specificity of 93%. Most patients (94%) with negative u-GIP in ≥2 follow-up visits showed the absence of histological lesions (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: This study suggests that the frequency of recurrent gluten exposures, according to serial determination of u-GIP, could be related to the persistence of villous atrophy and that a more regular follow-up every 6 months, instead of annually, provides more useful data about the adequate adherence to GFD and mucosal healing.

Efficacy of gel containing organic extra virgin olive oil for peristomal skin hygiene: A pilot randomised controlled trial.

AIM: To assess the efficacy and safety of the application, during stoma hygiene, of a pH-neutral gel containing organic EVOO (oEVOO) for the maintenance of peristomal skin integrity. METHOD: Patients with a colostomy or ileostomy were enrolled in a pilot randomized controlled trial and assigned treatment with a pH-neutral gel made from natural products including oEVOO or usual stoma hygiene gel. The primary outcome was three domains of abnormal peristomal skin: Discolouration, Erosion and Tissue overgrowth. Secondary outcomes that were evaluated included skin moisture; oiliness; skin elasticity; water-oil balance; patients' perceptions; difficulty inserting and removing the pouching system; pain, any other chemical, infectious, mechanical, or immunological complications of concern. The intervention lasted 8 weeks. RESULTS: Twenty-one patients were recruited for the trial and randomly assigned to either the experimental group (n = 12) or the control group (n = 9). The groups did not differ significantly in terms of patient characteristics. No significant differences between groups were identified either at baseline (p = 0.203) or at the end of the intervention (p = 0.397). In the experimental group, domains of abnormal peristomal skin improved after the intervention. The difference observed before and after the intervention was statistically significant (p = 0.031). CONCLUSION: The use of a gel containing oEVOO has shown similar levels of efficacy and safety to other gels commonly used for peristomal skin hygiene. It is also relevant to highlight that a significant improvement in skin condition was observed in the experimental group before and after the intervention.

Políticas sobre seguridad del paciente y lesiones por presión: información publicada en las páginas web institucionales de España / Patient safety and pressure injury policies: information published on institutional websites in Spain

Objetivos: Conocer la situación actual en España, tanto a nivel del Ministerio de Sanidad como de las comunidades autónomas, respecto a las políticas sobre seguridad del paciente y lesiones por presión a disposición de los profesionales sanitarios y de los pacientes, publicadas en páginas web institucionales. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de las páginas web, tanto del Ministerio de Sanidad como de las diferentes consejerías de sanidad de las comunidades autónomas de España. Resultados: En todas las comunidades autónomas, excepto en una, se hace referencia a las lesiones por presión como un problema de seguridad del paciente. En los planes desarrollados o adaptadospor la comunidad autónoma en materia de seguridad del paciente son pocas las comunidades que en sus guías y protocolos hacen referencia a indicadores específicos sobre lesiones por presión. Tanto en la estrategia del Ministerio de Sanidad como en la mayoría de estrategias de cada comunidad autónoma, se involucra a pacientes y familiares en la seguridad del paciente. Todas las comunidades autónomas tienen sistemas de notificación de eventos adversos. Conclusiones: Se observa una clara declaración de intenciones por parte de los responsables de calidad y de seguridad del paciente, pero sin la existencia de protocolosespecíficos, actualizados y adaptados a los contextos en los que se desarrollan, y sin unos indicadores que permitan medir los resultados (Au)

Objectives: To ascertain the current situation in Spain, both at the level of the Ministry of Health and the autonomous communities, with regard to the policies on patient safety and pressure injuries available to healthcare professionals and patients published on institutional websites. Methodology: Systematic Review of the websites of both the Ministry of Health and the different departments of health of the autonomous communities of Spain. Results: In all the Autonomous Communities, except one, reference is made to pressure injuries as a patient safety problem. In the plans developed or adapted by the Autonomous Community in the field of patient safety, few communities refer to specific indicators on pressure injuries in their guidelines and protocols. Both the strategy of the Ministry of Health and the majority of the strategies of each autonomous community involve patients and relatives in patient safety. All autonomous communities have adverse event reporting systems. Conclusions:There is a clear declaration of intentions on the part of those responsible for quality and patient safety, but without the existence of specific protocols, updated and adapted to the contexts in which they are developed, and without indicators which allow the results to be measured (AU)

Desgarros cutáneos: su incorporación al marco conceptual de las lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia / Skin tears: their incorporation into the conceptual framework of dependency-related skin injuries

Los desgarros cutáneos son lesiones prevalentes en adultos mayores y están fuertemente relacionados con la presencia de dermatoporosis. Se trata de lesiones poco conocidas, infradiagnosticadas y mal abordadas a las que se les ha restado importancia a lo largo de los años. Recientemente, el GNEAUPP ha considerado incluirlos en el marco conceptual de las lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia, dado el cumplimiento de esa vulnerabilidad y la necesidad de cuidados de los pacientes que pueden o están en riesgo de padecerlos. Se presenta el caso clínico de una paciente crónica compleja con dermatoporosis que sufre un desgarro cutáneo. Se detalla el mecanismo de producción, características clínicas y categorización de esta lesión, así como las medidas basadas en la evidencia actual adaptadas a la situación de la paciente. Con ello se pretende destacar la importancia del cuidado de la piel y el conocimiento, prevención y abordaje de estas lesiones por parte de los profesionales sanitarios (AU)

Skin tears are prevalent lesions in older adults, strongly related to the presence of dermatoporosis. These are little-known, underdiagnosed and poorly managed injuries that have been played down over the years. The GNEAUPP has recently considered including them in the conceptual framework of dependence-related skin lesions, given the fulfillment of that vulnerability and need for care of patients who may or are at risk of suffering from them. We present a clinical case of a complex chronic patient with dermatoporosis who suffered a skin tear. The mechanism of production, clinical characteristics and categorization of this lesion are detailed, as well as the measures based on current evidence adapted to the patient’s situation. This article pretend to highlight the importance of skin care and knowledge, prevention and management to these injuries by health professionals (AU)

Multitraction with rubber bands and surgical silk as a method to facilitate endoscopic submucosal dissection.

We propose this variant of the clip technique as a method that assist traction during endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD): traction on the mucosa plane using an hemoclip carrying a surgical silk and three rubber bands, before the incision, to allow easier access to the submucosa space. We propose this variant with the intention of facilitating access to ESD quickly and safely for beginners.

Differences in the prognostic value of the electrocardiographic pattern after cardiac resynchronization therapy according to age.

OBJECTIVES: In this cohort study, we analyzed if a specific pattern in three leads of the electrocardiogram (Rs in V1, Qr in aVL, or rS in I) was associated with outcomes after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) depending on age. METHODS: Patients with CRT devices were included from January 2012 to April 2019. We divided the sample into 2 groups, those with age ≥ 75 years old and those younger. The primary endpoint was a composite of all-cause death and heart failure (HF) hospitalization at 1 year. RESULTS: We included 111 patients. Patients older than 75 years (26.1%, n = 29) had a significantly higher rate of hypertension and atrial fibrillation and received less frequently optimal medical therapy. The patterns were observed in 32 (39.0%) younger patients and 11 (37.9%) older patients. Patients who presented any of them had a lower incidence of the primary endpoint in the younger group (0 vs. 14%, p = 0.029), but not in the older group (9.1 vs. 27.8%, p = 0.24). The presence of a basal QRS duration greater than 160 ms was associated with a higher rate of the primary endpoint in the elderly (50 vs. 13%, p = 0.015), but not in the younger group (16.7 vs. 7.1%, p = 0.254). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of the selected patterns after CRT is associated with a lower incidence of all-cause death and hospitalization for HF in patients younger than 75 years, but not in those older than 75 years. Conversely, baseline QRS duration was associated with worse outcomes in older patients, but not in the younger group.

Prevalencia de las lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia en adultos hospitalizados en España: resultados del 6º Estudio Nacional del GNEAUPP 2022 / Prevalence of dependencerelated skin lesions in hospitalised adult population in Spain: Results of the 6th GNEAUPP National Study 2022

Objetivos: Obtener indicadores epidemiológicos actualizados paralas lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia en unidades dehospitalización de adultos de hospitales españoles, tanto globales comoajustados. Analizar las características demográficas y clínicas de laspersonas con lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia, y de laslesiones. Metodología: Estudio observacional, transversal, tipo encuestaepidemiológica (6.º Estudio Nacional de Prevalencia), dirigido a todos loshospitales de España. Recogida de datos mediante formulario seguro online.Variables: características de los hospitales y de las unidades, pacientesingresados, pacientes con cada tipo de lesiones cutáneas relacionadascon la dependencia, clasificación de las lesiones. Se estimó la prevalenciacruda global y ajustada por hospitales y por tipo de unidades. Resultados:Participaron 470 unidades de hospitalización de adultos pertenecientesa 67 hospitales de todo el territorio nacional. La prevalencia global delesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia fue del 8,4%. Segúnel tipo de lesiones, las prevalencias fueron: lesiones por presión 7,7%;combinadas 0,9%; humedad 1,5%; por fricción 0,9%, y desgarros 0,8%.Los hospitales pequeños, de menos de 200 camas, son los que presentanprevalencias mayores. Las unidades con prevalencias más altas fueron:cuidados paliativos (24,2%), UCI (21,5%) y unidades posquirúrgicas y dereanimación (14,8%). La mayoría de las lesiones son de origen nosocomial(80%), producidas en el mismo o en otro hospital. Siguen faltando laimplementación de medidas preventivas en los centros y la dotación derecursos de prevención. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de lesiones cutáneasrelacionadas con la dependencia se mantiene en cifras similares a la deestudios anteriores en hospitales españoles, con gran variabilidad en función del tamaño del centro y las unidades en las que ingresa el paciente. (AU)

Objectives: To obtain updated epidemiological indicators fordependence-related skin lesions (DSRL) in adult inpatientunits of Spanish hospitals, both global and adjusted. Toanalyse the demographic and clinical characteristics of personswith DRSLs and lesions. Methodology: Observational,cross-sectional, epidemiological survey-type study (6thNational Prevalence Study), aimed at all hospitals in Spain.Data collection by means of a secure online form. Variables:characteristics of hospitals and units, patients admitted,patients with each type of DRSL, classification of lesions.Overall and adjusted crude prevalence was estimated byhospital and by type of unit. Results: A total of 470 adultinpatient units from 67 hospitals nationwide participated.The overall prevalence of DRSL was 8.4%. According totype of injury, the prevalences were: pressure injuries 7.7%;combined injuries 1.5%; moisture 1.4%; friction 0.9%; andtears 0.8%. Small hospitals with less than 200 beds haveshigher prevalence. The units with the highest prevalencewere: palliative care (24.2%), ICU (21.5%), and post-surgicaland resuscitation units (14.8%). Most of the injuries are ofnosocomial origin (80%), produced in this or other hospitals.The implementation of preventive measures in the centresand the provision of resources are still lacking. Conclusions:The prevalence of DRSL remains similar to that of previousstudies in Spanish hospitals, with great variability dependingon the size of the centre and the units to which the patient isadmitted. (AU)

Prevalencia de las lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia en centros de atención primaria de salud de España: resultados del 6º Estudio Nacional del GNEAUPP 2022 / Prevalence of pressure injuries and other dependence-related skin lesions in primary healthcare centers in Spain: Results of the 6th GNEAUPP National Study 2022

Objetivos: Obtener indicadores epidemiológicos actualizados para laslesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia en centros de atenciónprimaria de salud españoles, tanto globales como ajustados. Analizarlas características demográficas y clínicas de las personas con lesionescutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia y de las lesiones. Metodología:Estudio observacional, transversal, tipo encuesta epidemiológica (6.ºEstudio Nacional de Prevalencia), dirigido a todos los centros deatención primaria de salud en España. Recogida de datos medianteformulario seguro online. Variables: características de los centros deatención primaria, población total, población mayor de 65 años ypoblación en programas de atención domiciliaria, pacientes con cadatipo de lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia, clasificaciónde las lesiones. Se estimó la prevalencia cruda global poblacional yajustada en mayores de 65 años y en personas en programas de atencióndomiciliaria. Resultados: Se han obtenido datos de una población de1.754.228 personas atendidas en 131 centros de atención primaria desalud españoles. La prevalencia de lesiones cutáneas relacionadas conla dependencia en las personas en pacientes atendidos en programasde atención domiciliaria (ATDOM) fue del 5,82%. Solo un 7,7% delos centros declararon no tener ninguna persona con lesiones cutáneasrelacionadas con la dependencia atendida en el momento de obtenerlos datos. La prevalencia casi se duplica en los centros rurales (7,1%)y mixtos (6,0%) respecto a los centros urbanos (3,9%). Las lesiones seoriginaron en el mismo domicilio del paciente en un 79,8% de los casos,y solo un 18,7% se originaron durante el ingreso del paciente en unainstitución. (AU)

Objectives: To obtain updated epidemiological indicatorsfor dependence-related skin lesions (DRSL) in SpanishPrimary Health Care (PHC) centres, both global andadjusted. To analyse the demographic and clinicalcharacteristics of people with DRSL and lesions. and thelesions. Methodology: Observational, cross-sectional,epidemiological survey-type study (6th NationalPrevalence Study), aimed at all PHC centres in Spain. Datacollection by means of a secure on-line form. Variables:characteristics of primary care centres, total population,population over 65 years of age and population in homecare programmes, patients with each type of DRSL,classification of lesions. We estimated the overall crudeprevalence in the population and adjusted prevalence,in people over 65 years of age and in people in homecare programmes. Results: Data were obtained from apopulation of 1,754,228 people cared for in Spanish PHCcentres in 131 centres. The prevalence of DRSL in personsin patients attended in home care programmes (HCP) was5.82%. Only 7.7% of the centres reported not having anypersons with DRSL in care at the time of data collection.The prevalence almost doubles in rural (7.1%) and mixed(6.0%) centres compared to urban centres (3.9%). Injuriesoriginated in the patient’s own home in 79.8% of cases,and only 18.7% originated during the patient’s admissionto an institution. The profile is that of an 83-year-oldwoman with mixed incontinence and using a staticmattress surface. Conclusions: The prevalence of primary care DRSL in Spain remains similar to previous studies,with great variability depending on the location of thecentre. Four out of 5 lesions develop in the patient’shome. (AU)

Prevalencia de las lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia en residencias de mayores y centros sociosanitarios de España: resultados del 6º Estudio Nacional del GNEAUPP 2022 / Prevalence of dependence-related skin lesions in nursing home in Spain: Results of the 6th GNEAUPP National Study 2022

Objetivos: Obtener las cifras de prevalencia de las lesiones cutáneasrelacionadas con la dependencia en centros residenciales para mayores ycentros sociosanitarios españoles. Analizar las características demográficasy clínicas de las personas con lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con ladependencia y de las lesiones. Metodología: Estudio observacional,transversal, tipo encuesta epidemiológica (6.º Estudio Nacional dePrevalencia), dirigido a todas las residencias y centros sociosanitariosde España. Recogida de datos mediante formulario seguro online.Variables: características de los hospitales y de las unidades, pacientesingresados, pacientes con cada tipo de lesiones cutáneas relacionadascon la dependencia, clasificación de las lesiones. Se estimó la prevalenciacruda global y ajustada por hospitales y por tipo de unidades. Resultados:Se han obtenido datos de 74 centros sociosanitarios y residencias demayores. Solo un 9,5% de los centros declararon no tener ningunapersona con lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia atendidaen el momento de obtener los datos. La prevalencia global de lesionescutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia fue del 9,28% (IC95%,5,45-6,71), un 3% más que en el anterior. Las cifras de prevalencia decada tipo de lesión fueron: presión, 6,05%; humedad, 2,35%; fricción,1,35%; desgarros cutáneos, 2,38%, y combinadas, 0,61%. Esto suponeun incremento en todas las lesiones menos las combinadas. La prevalenciade todas las lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia fue mayoren los centros públicos que en los concertados y privados. En un 85,2%,las lesiones cutáneas relacionadas con la dependencia eran de origennosocomial (originadas en la residencia u otra institución residencial)y solo un 10,9% se originaron en los domicilios. (AU)

Objectives: To obtain the prevalence figures ofdependence-related skin lesions (DRSL) in Spanish nursinghomes and long term care centres (NH-LTCC). To analysethe demographic and clinical characteristics of peoplewith DRSL and lesions. Methodology: Observational,cross-sectional, epidemiological survey-type study (6thNational Prevalence Study), aimed at all NHC-LTCC inSpain. Data collection by means of a secure on-line form.Variables: characteristics of hospitals and units, patientsadmitted, patients with each type of DRSL, classificationof lesions. Overall and adjusted crude prevalence wasestimated by hospital and by type of unit. Results: Datawere obtained from 74 NHC-LTCC. Only 9.5% of thecentres reported not having any person with DRSL in theircare at the time of data collection. The overall prevalenceof DRSL was 9.28% (95%IC, 5.45-6.71); 3% higher thanin the previous study. The prevalence figures for each typeof injury were: pressure 6.05%, moisture 2.35%, friction1.35%, skin tears 2.38%. combined 0.61%. Thisrepresents an increase in all but combined injuries. Theprevalence of all DRSLs was higher in the public centresthan in the state and private centres. The 85.2% ofthe DRSLs were of nosocomial origin (originating in anursing home or other residential institution) and only10.9% originated at home. Conclusions: The prevalenceof DRSL in nursing homes is among the highest in thistype of centre in the historical series of studies carriedout in Spain by the GNEAUPP. This higher prevalencecould be explained by the situation in which many havebeen left after the COVID pandemic and a relaxation in the prevention programmes implemented. (AU)

Undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias care.

BACKGROUND: The increase in the number of people with Alzheimer's disease and Related Dementias (ADRD) will results in an increased need for nurses with up-to-date knowledge of ADRD and who are well-educated in ADRD care. Therefore, it is important to be sure that this topic is covered in the undergraduate nursing curriculum. PURPOSE: To assess undergraduate nursing students' knowledge of Alzheimer's disease and related dementias care. METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out among nursing students at two universities in southern Spain. The University of Jaen (UJA)-Alzheimer's Care scale was used to measure their knowledge. RESULTS: The mean age of the students was 21.39 years, and 83.2% of the 678 students were women. For students, the UJA-Alzheimer's Care scale has a good fit and reliability of 0.99 for the items and 0.74 for the persons, according to the Rasch model. The mean knowledge score of nursing students was 15.33 (SD 3.69) out of 23; (95%CI: 15.06-15.61). The value of the latent variable (theta) was 1.16 (SD 1.21); (95%CI: 1.06-1.25). The factors positively associated with students' knowledge were the number of years in the program, experience in caring for a patient with ADRD during their placements, and the education on ADRD received in the nursing program as self-rated by the students. CONCLUSION: The UJA-Alzheimer's Care scale is a useful tool for measuring knowledge of ADRD care among nursing students in Spain and other Spanish-speaking countries. Nursing students at the two universities reached moderate scores in the knowledge of ADRD care. More years in the nursing program, practical experience in clinical placements, and higher self-rated level of education on ADRD received during the program were associated with higher scores on knowledge.

Nurses and ward managers' perceptions of leadership in the evidence-based practice: A qualitative study.

AIM: To describe nurses and ward managers' experiences with nursing leadership in the implementation of evidence-based practice. BACKGROUND: The implementation of evidence-based practice requires to identify the most suitable styles of nursing leadership for the successful application. DESIGN: A qualitative descriptive study. METHODS: The study was carried out with 57 nurses (clinical nurses and ward managers) in eight focus groups from five public hospitals. Template analysis, using the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework, was used. The Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Research guide was followed in planning and reporting this research. RESULTS: Three types of nursing leadership were identified: traditional leadership, medium leadership and transformational leadership. Traditional leadership was the most frequent, with a predominance of bureaucratic tasks for ward managers, so implementation of evidence-based practice is difficult. CONCLUSION: Nurses do not feel empowered and they perceive the changes as an imposition. In the absence of strong leadership for evidence-based practice, a natural leader emerges. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Clinical nurses demand more empowerment for decision-making, and ward managers need clarity of roles. To create an environment favourable to evidence-based practice, it is necessary consider the role of the transformational leader.