Effect of standard nicotinamide in the prevention of type 1 diabetes in first degree relatives of persons with type 1 diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Nicotinamide has been used with success to prevent type 1 diabetes in animal models and humans. This vitamin B3 derivative has attracting effects on beta-cell protection and regeneration. AIM/HYPOTHESIS: To evaluate the effect of standard nicotinamide administration on type 1 diabetes prevention in first degree relatives of persons with type 1 diabetes as well as on the concentrations of islet-cell-related autoantibodies, insulin secretion and peripheral sensitivity. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: A randomized double-blind placebo controlled intervention trial was conducted in 40 first degree relatives of type 1 diabetic patients. Persistence of ICA ( >or= 10 JDF units) was among inclusion criteria. Participants were randomly allocated oral standard nicotinamide (1.2 g/m2) or placebo for 5 years. Groups were also stratified by age. Islet associated antibodies, fasting blood glucose, fasting plasma insulin concentrations, OGTT, IVGTT and HLA-DR genotyping were performed in all participants. The main criterion to stop treatment was type 1 diabetes development as defined by WHO. RESULTS: Type 1 diabetes development frequencies were similar between the treatment groups. ICA frequencies at the end of the study, first phase insulin release, and insulin sensitivity did not differ between groups as well. None of the participants suffered from any adverse events described for nicotinamide. CONCLUSIONS: Type 1 diabetes prevention trial using standard nicotinamide is feasible but fails to prevent or delay the disease onset at the dose we used.

Determinación de anticuerpos anti-DNA de doble cadena sobre preparación nacional de Crithidia luciliae / Determination of anti-DNA antibodies of double chain-upon a national preparation of Crithidia luciliae

Se cultivó el hemoflagelado Crithidia luciliae con el objetivo de desarrollar un método para la determinación de anticuerpos anti-DNA de doble cadena (dc) séricos. Se prepararon láminas portaobjetos, que fueron utilizadas para la detección de estos anticuerpos por el método de inmunofluorescencia indirecta en 124 muestras de suero de pacientes con enfermedades autoinmunes reumáticas. Se compararon los resultados de las preparaciones con los obtenidos sobre láminas comerciales. Solo 4 muestras fueron discordantes, y se obtuvo un coeficiente Kappa de 0.92. Estos resultados demostraron el valor diagnóstico de estas preparaciones para la detección de anticuerpos anti-DNAdc(AU)