[Association between gestational age, weight, and Apgar score in newborns extracted in pelvic presentation]. / Asociación entre edad gestacional, peso y valor de apgar en recién nacidos extraídos en presentación pélvica.

The analysis for the present study was derived from 343 singleton pregnancies with a breech presentation. The variables associated with Apgar score at 5 minutes were, gestational age and birth weight. This association was observed in all patients and when they were analyzed separately according to route of delivery. The intrapartum and early neonatal mortality was absent in both groups. The perinatal outcome among the vaginally delivered frank breech infants at term was not statistically different compared with the group delivered by caesarean section.

[Viral hepatitis A and postpartum acute renal failure. Report of a case and review of the literature]. / Hepatitis viral tipo A e insuficiencia renal aguda posparto. Informe de un caso y revisión de la literatura.

Hepatitis A virus infection (HAV) has been perceived as a self-limited disease. However, acute renal failure is an infrequent but well-described complication of HAV infection. Although the mechanisms responsible are uncertain, they may be related to the immune complex. In this report we describe a patient with HAV and acute renal failure in the postpartum period.

[Sexual aggression in adolescents. Epidemiologic study]. / Agresión sexual en adolescentes. Estudio epidemiológico.

Sexual assault is an enormous social and public health problem. Most victims are young women. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of this crime in adolescents. The study involved 213 patients separated in two subgroups: adolescents and non adolescents. In adolescents, much of this violence is perpetrated by an acquaintance or relative. Th frequency of sexually transmitted diseases was 20% and rape-related pregnancy was identified in 10% of victims. All victims of sexual assault must be encouraged for both medical and psychological evaluation.

[Obstetric characteristics of adolescent pregnancy]. / Características obstétricas de la adolescente embarazada.

Obstetrical characteristics of pregnant adolescents. The aim of the present study was to determine the obstetrical characteristics of pregnant adolescents and to evaluate if the high risk comes from biological factors associate to their age or not. The obstetrical complications and the perinatal results were not different in relation from other groups, with exception of the minors of fifteen years in which the age constitutes an important risk. Nevertheless, the adolescent has other risks to the health such as the risk of acquiring sexual transmission diseases including HIV/AIDS. The child of a teen mother are also more likely to die in infancy, between the first month and the first year of life. Adolescents need information and services to protect their sexual and reproductive health.

[Cornual pregnancy. Its laparoscopic management and a case report]. / Embarazo cornual. Manejo laparoscópico y presentación de un caso.

A case of cornual pregnancy is presented, the clinic evolution and the laparoscopic resolution are mentioned, and the world literature revision was done given special attention to the laparoscopic resolution. Finally, a comment about a laparoscopic technique.

[Physiopathologic bases for preeclampsia: a hypothesis]. / Bases fisiopatológicas de la preeclampsia: una hipótesis.

Preeclampsia represents the main medical complication of pregnancy and one of the most important causes of maternal mortality around the world. At this time, the etiology of the illness is unidentified and there is not sure predictors for early identification. The objective of this article was to provide an integrative hypotheses that suggests the possibility of to relate an increment of placental lactogen, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia and risk of preeclampsia.

[Drug consumption during pregnancy]. / Consumo de fármacos en el embarazo.

The pregnant women receive different types of medications many of whose safety has not been clearly demonstrated. The drug use profiles vary from community to community which justify to make local studies. Two hundred obstetrical patients were interviewed throughout the prenatal control to obtain data on maternal drug consumption. The patients were interrogated with respect to names of drug products, routes of administration, dosage regimens and prenatal consumption or underlying disease states during pregnancy. The interval between administration of a drug and the time of delivery were also noted. In the prenatal period 79% received at least one product. The average number of drug products was 2 with a range from 0 to 6 different drugs. The principal drugs ingested were: vitamins (32%), antibiotics (24%), iron (9%), antiemetics (7%), nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesic (6%) and acetaminophen (5%). The only variable related to drug consumption was the presence of prenatal complications. This study represent an approach for monitoring the medical quality of prenatal care.

[Prolactin and its role in the regulation of ovarian function]. / La prolactina y su participación en la regulación de la función ovárica.

The prolactin is a versatile hormone with important functions in various phenomena such as immunological and reproductive process. Historically, the ovary-prolactin association has been viewed almost exclusively in the context of the hyperprolactinemia, although there are evidences that propts toward a direct control on ovarian function. Recently has been identified the synthetic apparatus of human prolactin localized in granulosa cells of ovarian follicle, it suggest an autocrine mechanism of prolactin in the intraovarian control. It is important ot establish the relations between the prolactin secreted by the pituitary and the prolactin-like peptides secreted by immunocompetent, endothelial and ovarian cells in several physiological and physiopathological states.

[Ovarian cystadenofibroma. 5-year experience at the "Dr. Manuel Gea González" General Hospital S.S.A. Report of 10 cases]. / Cistoadenofibroma de ovario. Experiencia de cinco años en el Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González" S.S.A. Informe de 10 casos.

The ovarian cystoadenofibroma are tumors not very frequently of superficial epithelium. It can appears at all ages. It can form fibrotic nodules of strong consistency that initially appear with the papillae and it forms nodule when the time goes by; generally, they are unilateral. We studied 10 cases of cystoadenofibromas in a period of 5 years, the patients' age was from 18 to 68 years old being more frequent in the adult age; seven cases were unilateral, three were bilateral, two of these appeared clinically as acute abdomen due to rupture of the tumor the third one was a hysterectomy is finding. In seven cases there was association with uterine leiomiomatosis mainly in older patients. Macroscopically it was seen that in younger patients these tumors were cystic with small papillae, and in older patients they formed fibrotic nodules. The immunohystochemical study with Vimentin and Desmin showed that the Desmin was focally immunopositive in form of fine fibers at the union with superficial epithelium and greatly positive fibrous portion for Vimentina.

[Pregnancy toxemia. Oxygen input/extraction in preeclampsia-eclampsia]. / Toxemia del embarazo. Relación aporte/extracción de oxígeno en preeclampsia-eclampsia.

We tried to determine if the toxemia of pregnancy has during its clinical evolution a dependent DO2/VO2 relationship and determine its critical DO2 and finally define if this has a prognostic value. There were included patients with diagnosis of preeclampsia/eclampsia that were enter at the Intensive Care Unit for treatment and monitoring. It was placed a catheter in the pulmonary artery and it was determine the cardiac output and by means of standard formulas the DO2, VO2 and EO2 were calculated. The critical delivery of oxygen was stablished in agree at the Gutiérrez's method. At the same time it was monitorised the base excess which was gotten from arterial and venous blood gases. 36 patients (29 with preclampsia and 7 with eclampsia) were included, with a mean age of 26.3 years old. The mean gestational age was 36.1 weeks. The critical delivery for preeclamptic patients was stablished in 924 mL/min and at the eclamptic patients in 830 mL/min: both values had prognostic correlation with survival and nonsurvival patients (p < 0.001, x2 = 28.29). In survival patients it was a dependent DO2/VO2 relationship during the first 72 hours of study and then it was independent; this fact was accompaniment of a positive increase in the base excess and a decreasing in the EO2 values (< 27%). In the nonsurvival group, these mainteined a DO2/VO2 relationship in a dependent way during all the study and it was accompaniment with a continuous negative base excess with values of EO2 > 30%. The toxemia of pregnancy had a behaviour like state accompaniment of a dependent DO2/VO2 relationship causing an important oxygen deficient that was improved was improved in the survival patients that reach values over the critical delivery. These facts suggesting the presence of a metabolic blockade in variable degree that can improve or increase agree a therapeutic manipulations in the critic DO2.

[Retroperitoneal teratoma associated with primary neoplasm of the ovary. Presentation of a case]. / Teratoma retroperitoneal asociado a primario de ovario. Presentación de un caso.

The retroperitoneal teratomas are rare neoplasias that represent only 3.5% of all extragonadal teratomas. They generally appear in the first decade of life, and the incidence in adults is rare. We describe a rare case of extragodonal teratoma, not only because the patient is in the 7th decade of life, but also because of the localization and association of two epithelial cellular tumors of the ovary. We also describe the surgical and histopathological findings as well as an analysis of the frequence, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment for this neoplasia.