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1.
Int J Pharm ; 635: 122766, 2023 Mar 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36822337

RESUMO

The addiction induced by the misuse of opioids, is not only a public health emergency but also a social and economic welfare. The main therapy is based on opioid antagonists. Oral and injectable naltrexone administration is the most widely used, presenting some inconveniences: poor patient adherence to the oral daily dosing schedule, cases of hepatitis and clinically significant liver dysfunction. This study proposes the in vitro e in vivo evaluation of anti-opioid properties of naloxone loaded-poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid microparticles (NX-MP). In previous studies, NX-MP showed in vitro sustained naloxone release for one week at least. Our results demonstrate the in vitro efficacy of the NX-MP antagonizing for 7 days the morphine effect in SH-SY5Y cells and myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparations isolated from guinea-pig ileum. The in vivo evaluation of the NX-MP was carried out in mice testing the antagonism of the antinociceptive effect of morphine. Results showed that subcutaneous administration of NX-MP blocked the morphine effect. The results of this work suggest that the subcutaneous administration of NX-MP enhances naloxone therapeutic efficacy as non-addictive medication and could be a promising alternative to naltrexone. Furthermore, the dose of NX-MP can be adapted to the patient necessities. It would be an interesting advantage to treat opioid-addiction.


Assuntos
Naloxona , Neuroblastoma , Humanos , Camundongos , Animais , Cobaias , Naloxona/farmacologia , Morfina/farmacologia , Analgésicos Opioides/farmacologia , Naltrexona/farmacologia , Antagonistas de Entorpecentes/farmacologia
2.
Viruses ; 12(2)2020 02 13.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32069839

RESUMO

The expansion of the habitat of mosquitoes belonging to the Aedes genus puts nearly half of the world's population at risk of contracting dengue fever, and a significant fraction will develop its serious hemorrhagic complication, which can be fatal if not diagnosed properly and treated in a timely fashion. Although several diagnostic methods have been approved for dengue diagnostics, their applicability is limited in rural areas of developing countries by sample preparation costs and methodological requirements, as well as cross-reactivity among the different serotypes of the Dengue virus and other flavivirus, such as the Zika virus. For these reasons, it is necessary to generate more specific antigens to improve serological methods that could be cheaper and used in field operations. Here, we describe a strategy for the inactivation of cross-reacting epitopes on the surface of the Dengue virus envelope protein through the synthetic generation of recombinant peptide sequences, where key amino acid residues from Dengue virus serotype 1 (DENV-1) and 2 (DENV-2) are substituted by alanine residues. The proteins thus generated are recognized by 88% of sera from Dengue NS1+ patients and show improved serotype specificity because they do not react with the antibodies present in seroconverted, PCR-serotyped DEN-4 infected patients.


Assuntos
Alanina/imunologia , Vírus da Dengue/genética , Vírus da Dengue/imunologia , Epitopos/genética , Epitopos/imunologia , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/imunologia , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Reações Cruzadas , Dengue/imunologia , Dengue/virologia , Vírus da Dengue/classificação , Mapeamento de Epitopos , Humanos , Proteínas Recombinantes/genética , Proteínas Recombinantes/imunologia , Sorogrupo , Proteínas do Envelope Viral/genética
3.
Nutr Hosp ; 34(Suppl 4): 8-12, 2017 10 15.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29156925

RESUMO

There is an increasing body of evidence about the effect that early nutrition and lifestyle could have on the programming of later health and disease. Infant formula must cover all the nutritional needs to promote adequate infant growth and development. Currently, important research efforts have been made to supplement infant formulae with new bioactive ingredients with health benefits for the infant. The milk fat globule membrane is one of the new ingredients, which provides phospholipids and gangliosides, as well as bioactive proteins. In addition, ingredients such as probiotics and prebiotics modulate intestinal microbiota and contribute to improve gastrointestinal health. Other ingredients relevant in infant formulas are long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, α-lactalbumin and nucleotides. Recent research studies have demonstrated that adding these ingredients to infant formulas improves cognitive development and decreases the number of infections and allergies in infants. However, more studies are needed to find if these effects are long lasting and can be seen in childhood and adulthood.


Existe cada vez mayor evidencia científica de que la nutrición temprana y el estilo de vida tienen un efecto de programación sobre la salud y el riesgo de enfermedad futura. Las fórmulas infantiles deben cubrir los requerimientos nutricionales y promover un crecimiento y desarrollo correcto de los lactantes. Actualmente, un ámbito de innovación importante consiste en el aporte de componentes bioactivos capaces de aportar beneficios funcionales al lactante. Uno de los nuevos ingredientes es la membrana del glóbulo graso lácteo, que aporta componentes como fosfolípidos y gangliósidos, así como proteínas bioactivas. Además, ingredientes como probióticos y prebióticos actúan como moduladores de la microbiota intestinal y contribuyen a mejorar la salud gastrointestinal. Otros componentes relevantes en fórmulas infantiles son los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga, la α-lactoalbúmina y los nucleótidos. Estudios recientes demuestran que la adición de estos ingredientes a las fórmulas infantiles mejora el desarrollo cognitivo y reduce la incidencia de infecciones y alergias en los lactantes. Nuevos estudios de seguimiento a largo plazo son necesarios para valorar si los efectos observados son duraderos y se mantienen en etapas posteriores de la vida.


Assuntos
Fórmulas Infantis , Valor Nutritivo , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Alimento Funcional , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido
5.
Nutr. hosp ; 34(supl.4): 8-12, 2017. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-168820

RESUMO

Existe cada vez mayor evidencia científica de que la nutrición temprana y el estilo de vida tienen un efecto de programación sobre la salud y el riesgo de enfermedad futura. Las fórmulas infantiles deben cubrir los requerimientos nutricionales y promover un crecimiento y desarrollo correcto de los lactantes. Actualmente, un ámbito de innovación importante consiste en el aporte de componentes bioactivos capaces de aportar beneficios funcionales al lactante. Uno de los nuevos ingredientes es la membrana del glóbulo graso lácteo, que aporta componentes como fosfolípidos y gangliósidos, así como proteínas bioactivas. Además, ingredientes como probióticos y prebióticos actúan como moduladores de la microbiota intestinal y contribuyen a mejorar la salud gastrointestinal. Otros componentes relevantes en fórmulas infantiles son los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados de cadena larga, la α-lactoalbúmina y los nucleótidos. Estudios recientes demuestran que la adición de estos ingredientes a las fórmulas infantiles mejora el desarrollo cognitivo y reduce la incidencia de infecciones y alergias en los lactantes. Nuevos estudios de seguimiento a largo plazo son necesarios para valorar si los efectos observados son duraderos y se mantienen en etapas posteriores de la vida (AU)


There is an increasing body of evidence about the effect that early nutrition and lifestyle could have on the programming of later health and disease. Infant formula must cover all the nutritional needs to promote adequate infant growth and development. Currently, important research efforts have been made to supplement infant formulae with new bioactive ingredients with health benefits for the infant. The milk fat globule membrane is one of the new ingredients, which provides phospholipids and gangliosides, as well as bioactive proteins. In addition, ingredients such as probiotics and prebiotics modulate intestinal microbiota and contribute to improve gastrointestinal health. Other ingredients relevant in infant formulas are long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids, α-lactalbumin and nucleotides. Recent research studies have demonstrated that adding these ingredients to infant formulas improves cognitive development and decreases the number of infections and allergies in infants. However, more studies are needed to find if these effects are long lasting and can be seen in childhood and adulthood (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Fórmulas Infantis , Sistema Imunitário/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Estilo de Vida , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiologia , Nutrição do Lactente , Melhoria de Qualidade/tendências , Probióticos/uso terapêutico , Prebióticos
6.
Rev. chil. obstet. ginecol ; 81(4): 297-301, ago. 2016. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-795893

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Analizar los resultados de los marcadores ecográficos secundarios (hueso nasal, onda a del ductus venoso y regurgitación tricuspídea) y valorar su efectividad para la detección de trisomía 21 y su utilidad para la reducción del número de pruebas invasivas. MÉTODOS: Tras la realización del test combinado de primer trimestre a toda paciente con un riesgo entre 1/101-1/1000 se realizó la valoración de los marcadores secundarios. RESULTADOS: Desde Enero de 2014 a Mayo de 2015 se realizaron 2.660 test combinados del primer trimestre valorándose la edad materna, la traslucencia nucal y la PAPP-A y ßhCG, teniendo una sensibilidad del 90% y una tasa de falsos positivos del 3,2%. Hubo 10 fetos con trisomía 21. La sensibilidad de hueso nasal, ductus venoso y regurgitación tricuspídea fue del 22,2%, 50% y 50% y la especificidad del 99,8%, 96,9% y 98,8% respectivamente. La sensibilidad global del test contingente fue del 90%, con una reducción de la tasa de falsos positivos al 1,6%, lo que se reduciría de 171 a 148 el número de amniocentesis. CONCLUSIÓN: El test contingente es una buena herramienta para reducir la tasa de falsos positivos respecto al test combinado sin disminuir la tasa de detección y con ello reducir la tasa de pruebas invasivas.


AIMS: To analyze the results of the secondary sonographic markers (nasal bone, wave ductus venosus and tricuspid regurgitation) and evaluate its effectiveness for the detection of trisomy 21 and thus reduce the number of invasive tests. METHODS: After completing the first trimester combined test, all patients with a risk between 1/101-1/1000 were evaluated the secondary sonographic markers. RESULTS: From January 2014 to May 2015 2660 combined test being assessed maternal age, nuchal translucency and PAPP-A and ßhCG were performed, with a sensitivity of 90% and a false positive rate of 3.2%. 10 fetuses with trisomy 21 were observed. The sensitivity of nasal bone, ductus venosus and tricuspid regurgitation was 22.2%, 50% and 50% and specificity was 99.8%, 96.9% and 98.8% respectively. The overall sensitivity of contingent test was 90%, with a reduction in false positive rate to 1.6%, which would decrease the number of amniocentesis from 171 to 148. CONCLUSION: The contingent test is a good tool to reduce the rate of false positives with respect to the combined test without decreasing the detection rate and thereby reduce the rate of invasive testing.


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Adolescente , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Ultrassonografia Pré-Natal/métodos , Síndrome de Down/diagnóstico por imagem , Primeiro Trimestre da Gravidez , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/diagnóstico , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/genética , Insuficiência da Valva Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagem , Veias Umbilicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Biomarcadores , Programas de Rastreamento , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Idade Materna , Síndrome de Down/diagnóstico , Síndrome de Down/genética , Medição de Risco , Medição da Translucência Nucal , Amniocentese , Cariotipagem , Osso Nasal/diagnóstico por imagem
7.
Rev. Asoc. Esp. Neuropsiquiatr ; 35(127): 609-615, jul.-sept. 2015. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-142613

RESUMO

Introducción: Exponemos una descripción de los trastornos mentales no graves atendidos en una época de fuerte impacto de crisis económica y se comparan con épocas anteriores más benignas. Así mismo, se describe la actitud que hemos desarrollado hacia la patología no grave haciendo sobre todo hincapié en la intervención psicosocial. Material y Métodos: Pacientes nuevos atendidos en los cinco primeros meses del año 2012 y se discrimina a aquellos catalogados como trastorno mental no grave. En estos, valoramos la existencia de problemas psicosociales, laborales, económicos y del grupo primario de apoyo, asÍ como las actuaciones en el marco psicosocial que hemos llevado a cabo o a las que hemos derivado. Resultados: hasta en el 70% de los casos existen problemas psicosociales y entendemos que dichos factores pueden ser condicionantes importantes en los trastornos. Entendemos que el tener medidas claras de intervención psicosocial es fundamental más allá de un abordaje principalmente clínico. Conclusiones: Muchas veces se ha propugnado que el trastorno mental no grave debe ser atendido, casi exclusivamente por Atención Primaria. Desde nuestra experiencia entendemos que desde los Centros de Salud mental y con una buena coordinación tanto con servicios sociales, atención primaria y diversas asociaciones de intervención psicosocial, se puede desarrollar una labor fundamental (AU)


Introduction: We expose a description of the non-serious ment6al disorders treated in a time of strong impact of economic crisis and it´s compared with more benign earlier times. Likewise there is described the attitude that we have developed towards the non-severe pathology emphasizing specially in the psychosocial intervention. Material and methods: New patients attended in the first five months of 2012 were separated nonserious mental disorder. We valued psychosocial, employ, economic and the primary group support problems and the interventions in psychosocial area that we have done or those who we have sent Results: Up to 70% of cases psychosocial problems exists and we understand these factors can be very important in the disorders. Having clear measures of intervention psychosocial is basic beyond a principally clinical approaching. Conclusions: Often it has been said that nonsevere mental disorders must be attended almost exclusively al Primary health care. From our experience we understand Mental health centers and with a good coordination so much with Social services, Primary health care and different groups of psychosocial intervention a major support can be developed (AU)


Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/patologia , Transtornos Mentais/psicologia , Terapêutica/classificação , Terapêutica/psicologia , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Avaliação de Processos em Cuidados de Saúde/ética , Transtornos Mentais/classificação , Transtornos Mentais/complicações , Terapêutica/tendências , Terapêutica , Atenção Primária à Saúde/métodos , Avaliação de Processos em Cuidados de Saúde/classificação
9.
Resistencia; Femechaco; 1989. 67 p. ilus, tab, mapas. (66527).
Monografia em Espanhol | BINACIS | ID: bin-66527

RESUMO

Los derechos del paciente en el hospital público. Zonas sanitarias. Areas programaticas. Estadística de atención ambulatoria año 1987 e internaciones en el Chaco: sectores públicos y privados, cantidad de camas. Tendencia de derivaciónes hospitalarias. Indicadores de uso hospitalario. Recursos humanos y físicos. Estadísticas


Assuntos
Humanos , Cobertura de Serviços de Saúde , Cobertura de Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Estatísticas de Serviços de Saúde , Cobertura de Serviços Públicos de Saúde , Cobertura de Serviços Privados de Saúde , Defesa do Paciente , Recursos em Saúde/tendências , Hospitais Rurais , Indicadores Básicos de Saúde
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