[Surgical stratification of renal carcinoma with extension into inferior vena cava]. / Estratégia quirúirgica en el carcinoma de células renales con extensión a la circulación venosa.

Renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus is relatively uncommon and complicates radical nefrectomy. During the past twenty years our hospital have substantially contributed to the surgical stratification of renal cell carcinoma with extension into inferior vena cava through different techniques. The reason for this article is to discuss the mote efficient and appropiate surgical technique for this pathology. We believe that the diagnosis of vena caval invasion and level of tumoral extension is based on radiological examinations and it is crucial for the success of the surgery. We consider that the use of vena caval filter applied preoperatively could prevent the risk of thromboembolism during and after the surgery. The use of prosthetic grafts is unusual, because the long standing obstruction caused by the tumor thrombus will develope extensive collateral circulation which works as a natural veno-venous bypass. Finally, we try to avoid the use of veno-venous and cardiopulmonar bypass with or without complete hypothermic circulatory arrest due to the high association with adverse outcomes and mortality.

Estratégia quirúrgica en el carcinoma de células renales con extensión a la circulación venosa / Surgical stratification of renal carcinoma with extension into inferior vena cava

El carcinoma de células renales con trombo en vena cava inferior es una patología relativamente rara, que complica la nefrectomía radical. Durante los pasados veinte años nuestro hospital ha contribuido sustancialmente a la estratificación quirúrgica del carcinoma de células renales con extensión a la vena cava a través de diferentes técnicas. El objetivo de este artículo es describir las diferentes estrategias quirúrgicas necesarias y más apropiadas para el tratamiento de los distintos niveles del trombo tumoral. Consideramos que el diagnóstico de la invasión de la vena cava por el tumor y el nivel de extensión tumoral están basados en exámenes radiológicos, los cuales son determinantes a la hora del planteamiento quirúrgico y éxito de la cirugía. Somos partidarios del uso de filtros de vena cava colocados. Preoperatoriamente para prevenir el riesgo de tromboembolismos pulmonares durante y después de la cirugía. El uso de prótesis de cava es excepcional, debido a que la obstrucción crónica producida por el trombo tumoral, permitirá el desarrollo de una extensa circulación colateral que actuará como un bypass veno-venoso. Por último, intentamos evitar el uso de bypass veno-venoso o bypass cardiopulmonar con o sin hipotermia y parada cardiocirculatoria, debido a la alta morbimortalidad que conllevan (AU)

Renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava thrombus is relatively uncommon and complicates radical nefrectomy. During the past twenty years our hospital have substantially contributed to the surgical stratification of renal cell carcinoma with extension into inferior vena cava through different techniques. The reason; for this article is to discuss the more efficient and appropiate surgical technique for this pathology. We believe that the diagnosis of vena caval invasion and level of tumoral extension is based on radiological examinations and it is crucial for the success of the surgery. We consider that the use of vena caval filter applied preoperatively could prevent the risk of thromboembolism during and after the surgery. The use of prosthetic; grafts is unusual, because the long standing obstruction caused by the tumor thrombus will develope extensive collateral circulation which works as a natural veno-venous bypass. Finally, we try to avoid the use of veno-venous and cardiopulmonar bypass with or without complete hypothermic circulatory arrest due to the high association with adverse outcomes and mortality (AU)

Self-expanding metallic ureteral stents for treatment of ureteral stenosis after kidney transplantation.

The incidence of post-renal transplantation ureteral stenosis ranges from 2%-12%. Because the role of self-expanding ureteral metallic stents for its treatment has been scarcely reported, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Nitinol stents. Eleven ureteral stenoses in patients with chronic graft dysfunction (8 cases) or high surgical risk (3 cases) were treated by antegrade percutaneous implantation of Nitinol stents through a nephrostomy tract. The mean follow-up period was 48 +/- 7 months (range, 3-85 months). The patency rate at the moment of return to dialysis, death, or last check-up was 73% (8/11). Three patients (27%) developed stent occlusion. Two patients were treated using a trans-stent double-J catheter and 1 patient using stent removal and pyeloureterostomy using the native ureter. The mean percentage decrease in serum creatinine (Cr) level after stent implantation was 41% (range, 14%-63%). Nitinol ureteral stent implantation is an effective alternative for the treatment of ureteral stenosis in patients with chronic graft dysfunction or high surgical risk.

[Primary testicular lymphoma. Report of a new case and review of the literature]. / Linfoma testicular primario. Aportación de un nuevo caso y revisión de la literatura.

Primary testicular lymphoma is an uncommon testicular tumour that accounts for no more than 9% of all testicular tumours in those series with higher incidence; testicular lymphoma as haematopoietic tumours are also rare accounting for just 1% of all lymphomas; but due to their highly malignant histopathology they may become highly aggressive tumours. Patient age at presentation is over 60 years old which makes it the most frequent tumour for this age group. There is no standard protocol to treat this malignancy due to lack of extensive series. We contribute one case and make a literature review discussing the current therapeutic trends for this disease.

[Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the kidney. Report of a new case and review of the bibliography]. / Carcinoma sarcomatoide de riñón. Aportación de un nuevo caso, y revisión de la bibliografía.

We report a new case of sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma, in a male of 67 years old, with locoregional recidive four months after first surgery, with two episodes of retroperitoneal hemorrhage after second surgery. The objective of this work is to contribute a new case and of doing one revision.

Recidiva tardía de carcinoma epidermoide de pene / Epidermoid pennis carcinoma recidive

OBJETIVO: Presentar un caso de recidiva de carcinoma epidermoide de pene a los 21 años de la cirugía. MÉTODO: Se trata de un paciente de 85 años con antecedentes de penectomía parcial por carcinoma epidermoide, que presenta lesión excrecente a nivel de glande de 1 mes de evolución. Se biopsia siendo el resultado carcinoma epidermoide por lo que se realiza penectomía total con uretrostomía cutánea. RESULTADO: El estudio histopatológico de la pieza confirmó un carcinoma epidermoide bien diferenciado (AU)

OBJETIVE: We report a recidive of pennis carcinoma after 21 years of surgery. METHODS: This is the case of a male of 85 years old, with parcial penectomy; by epidermoid carcinoma. In phisics exploration, that it displays excrecente lesion at level of glande of 1 month of evolution. Biopsy being the result of epidermoid carcinoma reason why is made. Total penectomy, a with cutaneus uretrostomy. RESULTS: The histopathological study of the piece, confirm a epidermoid carcinoma well differentiated (AU)

Carcinoma sarcomatoide de riñón. Aportación de un nuevo caso,y revisión de la bibliografía / Renal sarcomatoid carcinoma. A new case contribution and bibliographic revission

Se presenta un nuevo caso de carcinoma renal sarcomatoide, en un varón de 67 años con recidiva locorregional a los 4 meses de la cirugía, con dos episodios de hemorragia retroperironeal tras la segunda intervención. El objetivo de este trabajo es aportar un nuevo caso y hacer una revisión de la bibliografía (AU)

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[Late recurrence of penile epidermoid carcinoma]. / Recidiva tardía de carcinoma epidermoide de pene.

OBJECTIVE: We report a recidive of penis carcinoma after 21 years of surgery. METHODS: This is the case of a male of 85 years old, with partial penectomy; by epidermoid carcinoma. In physics exploration, that it displays excrecente lesion at level of gland of 1 month of evolution. Biopsy being the result of epidermoid carcinoma reason why is made. Total penectomy, a with cutaneus uretrostomy. RESULTS: The histopathological study of the piece, confirm a epidermoid carcinoma well differentiated.