Análisis de los conocimientos sobre el desayuno saludable y su relación con los hábitos de estilo de vida y el rendimiento académico en la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria / Analysis of knowledge about healthy breakfast and its relation to life style habits and academic performance in compulsory secondary students

OBJETIVOS: El objetivo principal del estudio es analizar si los alumnos de la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria (ESO) de la ciudad de Badajoz conocen los alimentos que forman parte de un desayuno saludable. Además se pretende ver la relación que tiene este conocimiento con los hábitos de estilo de vida y el rendimiento académico. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: A una muestra representativa formada por 1.197 alumnos de ESO de la ciudad de Badajoz, 50,1% de mujeres, se les calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y contestaron un cuestionario previamente validado en un estudio piloto que incluía variables sociodemográficas y otras relacionadas con los hábitos de estilo de vida. Además se les pidió que seleccionaran entre una serie de alimentos aquellos que formaban parte de un desayuno saludable. RESULTADOS: Un 49,12% de los adolescentes conoce los alimentos que forman parte de un desayuno saludable. Se obtienen correlaciones muy bajas entre todas las variables analizadas y el conocimiento de los alimentos que conforman un desayuno saludable. A pesar de ello, dentro de algunas variables se observan diferencias significativas (p < 0,05) entre los subgrupos, como es el caso de alumnos con familias de nivel cultural bajo, de centros concertados, repetidores, sin hábito de lectura, que pasan mucho tiempo con los amigos, que han hecho dieta, hacen menos de 3 comidas diarias y dedican menos de 10 min al desayuno y desconocen la cantidad de fruta que deben consumir diariamente. CONCLUSIONES: Los hábitos de estilo de vida de los adolescentes no tienen correlación con el conocimiento sobre los alimentos que conforman un desayuno saludable

OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the study is to analyze whether students of Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) of Badajoz city known foods that are part of a healthy breakfast. It also intends to see the relationship of this knowledge with lifestyle habits and academic performance. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A representative sample of 1197 secondary students in the city of Badajoz (Spain) (50.1% female) was calculated their Body Mass Index (BMI) and were asked to fill in a questionnaire, previously validated in a pilot study, which included sociodemographic items as well as others related with life style habits. They were also asked to choose among a series of food, which of them were a part of a healthy breakfast.Results49.2% of adolescents know foods which are a part of a healthy breakfast. Very low correlations were obtained between all the variables analyzed and knowledge of foods that make up a healthy breakfast. However, within a few variables are significant differences (p < .05) between subgroups, such as families of students with low cultural level of aided schools, repeaters, without reading habit, passing lot of time with friends, who have been on a diet, make less than 3 meals a day and spend less than 10 min for breakfast and know the amount of fruit that should be consumed daily. Conclusions Life style habits of adolescents are not related to the knowledge about the foods that are part of a healthy breakfast

[Analysis of knowledge about healthy breakfast and its relation to life style habits and academic performance in compulsory secondary students]. / Análisis de los conocimientos sobre el desayuno saludable y su relación con los hábitos de estilo de vida y el rendimiento académico en la enseñanza secundaria obligatoria.

OBJECTIVES: The main objective of the study is to analyze whether students of Compulsory Secondary Education (ESO) of Badajoz city known foods that are part of a healthy breakfast. It also intends to see the relationship of this knowledge with lifestyle habits and academic performance. MATERIALS AND METHOD: A representative sample of 1197 secondary students in the city of Badajoz (Spain) (50.1% female) was calculated their Body Mass Index (BMI) and were asked to fill in a questionnaire, previously validated in a pilot study, which included sociodemographic items as well as others related with life style habits. They were also asked to choose among a series of food, which of them were a part of a healthy breakfast. RESULTS: 49.2% of adolescents know foods which are a part of a healthy breakfast. Very low correlations were obtained between all the variables analyzed and knowledge of foods that make up a healthy breakfast. However, within a few variables are significant differences (P<.05) between subgroups, such as families of students with low cultural level of aided schools, repeaters, without reading habit, passing lot of time with friends, who have been on a diet, make less than 3 meals a day and spend less than 10minutes for breakfast and know the amount of fruit that should be consumed daily. CONCLUSIONS: Life style habits of adolescents are not related to the knowledge about the foods that are part of a healthy breakfast.

Ingesta dietética de los estudiantes de secundaria de la ciudad de Badajoz / Dietary intake of secondary education students in Badajoz

Objetivos: El objetivo del estudio ha sido cuantificar la ingesta dietética de los estudiantes de la educación secundaria obligatoria de Badajoz, España, evaluando la frecuencia de consumo entre adolescentes de diferentes géneros. Material y método En el estudio ha participado una muestra de 1.197 alumnos de enseñanza secundaria obligatoria (49,9% hombres y 50,1% mujeres). Se pasó un cuestionario de frecuencia de consumo de alimentos autoadministrado (CFCA) con 51 alimentos, dividido en 5 categorías independientes, desarrollado a partir del empleado en la Comunidad Valenciana en 2003, y previamente validado en un estudio piloto con 374 alumnos, tras obtener consentimiento informado. Resultados En un 70,6% de los alimentos analizados el consumo es mayor en los varones, mientras solamente en un 17,6% es mayor en las mujeres; un 11,8% de productos se consumen por igual. En el 35% de los alimentos las diferencias entre géneros fueron estadísticamente significativas (72% de ellos fueron superiores en los varones y el 28% en las mujeres). Parece haber un consumo adecuado de leche y productos lácteos, bajo de pescados y productos marinos, y elevado de productos cárnicos. La ingesta de verduras, hortalizas, frutas, pan y cereales está por debajo de las recomendaciones. El consumo de pasta, arroz y aceites es adecuado, no observándose un consumo elevado de galletas ni de bollería industrial. La ingesta de dulces y golosinas es excesiva, aunque la de bebidas azucaradas y gaseosas no es alta. Conclusiones Estos resultados muestran valores intermedios con respecto a otros estudios realizados a nivel nacional (AU)

Objectives: To quantify dietary intake of secondary education students in Badajoz, Spain, evaluating food frequency use in teenagers of both sexes. Material and methods: The study sample consisted of 1197 secondary education students(49.9% male and 50.1% female). After giving informed consent, they completed a self administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including 51 food items divided into five separate categories. This questionnaire was modified from the one used at the Valencian Community in 2003 and previously validated in a pilot study on 374 students. Results: Male and females students reported higher intakes of 70.6% and 17.6% of foods analyzed respectively, while intake of 11.8% of food items was similar in both sexes. Sex differences were statistically significant for 35% of foods (of which 72% and 28% were taken more frequently by males and females respectively). Intake of milk and dairy products appeared to be adequate, while intake of fish and seafood was low consumption of meat products was high. Intake of vegetables, fruits, bread, and cereals was below the recommended levels. Intake of pasta, rice, and oils was adequate, and there was not a high consumption of cookies or industrial pastries. There was an excess intake of sweets, but intake of soft drinks was not high. Conclusions: These results show intermediate values as compared to other national surveys (AU)

[Dietary intake of secondary education students in Badajoz]. / Ingesta dietética de los estudiantes de secundaria de la ciudad de Badajoz.

OBJECTIVES: To quantify dietary intake of secondary education students in Badajoz, Spain, evaluating food frequency use in teenagers of both sexes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study sample consisted of 1197 secondary education students (49.9% male and 50.1% female). After giving informed consent, they completed a self-administered food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) including 51 food items divided into five separate categories. This questionnaire was modified from the one used at the Valencian Community in 2003 and previously validated in a pilot study on 374 students. RESULTS: Male and females students reported higher intakes of 70.6% and 17.6% of foods analyzed respectively, while intake of 11.8% of food items was similar in both sexes. Sex differences were statistically significant for 35% of foods (of which 72% and 28% were taken more frequently by males and females respectively). Intake of milk and dairy products appeared to be adequate, while intake of fish and seafood was low consumption of meat products was high. Intake of vegetables, fruits, bread, and cereals was below the recommended levels. Intake of pasta, rice, and oils was adequate, and there was not a high consumptio of cookies or industrial pastries. There was an excess intake of sweets, but intake of soft drinks was not high. CONCLUSIONS: These results show intermediate values as compared to other national surveys.