Valor pronóstico del aclaramiento de procalcitonina, PCR y leucocitos en el shock séptico / Prognostic value of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and leukocytes in septic shock

Objetivos: El presente estudio evalúa la utilidad pronóstica que la determinación seriada de diferentes biomarcadores (procalcitonina [PCT], proteína C reactiva [PCR] y leucocitos) podría tener en los enfermos en shock séptico. Diseño: Estudio prospectivo observacional. Ámbito: La unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) de nuestro centro, un Hospital Universitario de tercer nivel. Pacientes: Ochenta y ocho pacientes en shock séptico según criterios de la Conferencia de Consenso SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS de 2001. Se llevó a cabo la determinación de PCT, PCR y leucocitos al ingreso en la UCI y a las 72 horas del mismo. Intervenciones: Ninguna. Resultados: Los pacientes con incremento en los valores de PCT presentaron una mayor mortalidad hospitalaria en comparación con los que presentaron un descenso de los mismos (58,8 frente al 15,4%, p<0,01). Este efecto no se observó en las determinaciones de PCR ni los leucocitos. El mejor área bajo la curva ROC para el pronóstico correspondió al aclaramiento de PCT (0,79). El aclaramiento del 70% en los valores de PCT permitió discriminar la supervivencia hospitalaria con una sensibilidad del 94,7% y una especificidad del 53%. Conclusiones: La determinación seriada de los valores de PCT predice mejor que la determinación única el pronóstico de los pacientes en shock séptico. Su fiabilidad pronóstica es superior a la de la PCR y los leucocitos. El uso de las determinaciones seriadas de PCT podría ayudar a identificar a aquellos pacientes sépticos con mayor riesgo de muerte permitiendo optimizar su tratamiento (AU)

Objetives: This study evaluates the potential prognostic value of serial measurements of different biomarkers (procalcitonin [PCT], C-reactive protein and leukocytes [CRP]) in septic shock patients. Design: Prospective observational study. Setting: Intensive care unit of a third-level University Hospital. Patients: The study comprised a total of 88 septic shock patients defined using the 2001 Consensus Conference SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS criteria. The PCT, CRP and leukocytes were recorded on admission to the ICU and again 72hours after admission. Interventions: None. Results: Those patients with increasing procalcitonin levels showed higher hospital mortality than those with a decreasing levels (58.8% vs. 15.4%, P<0.01). No such effect was observed in relation to C-reactive protein or leukocytes. The best area under the curve for prognosis was for procalcitonin clearance (0.79). A procalcitonin clearance of 70% or higher offered a sensitivity and specificity of 94.7% and 53%, respectively. Conclusions: Serial procalcitonin measurements are more predictive of the prognosis of septic shock patients than single measurements of this parameter. The prognostic reliability of the latter is also better than in the case of C-reactive protein and leukocytes. The application of serial procalcitonin measurements may allow the identification of those septic patients at increased mortality risk, and help improve their treatment (AU)

[Prognostic value of procalcitonin, C-reactive protein and leukocytes in septic shock]. / Valor pronóstico del aclaramiento de procalcitonina, PCR y leucocitos en el shock séptico.

OBJECTIVES: This study evaluates the potential prognostic value of serial measurements of different biomarkers (procalcitonin [PCT], C-reactive protein and leukocytes [CRP]) in septic shock patients. DESIGN: Prospective observational study. SETTING: Intensive care unit of a third-level University Hospital. PATIENTS: The study comprised a total of 88 septic shock patients defined using the 2001 Consensus Conference SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS criteria. The PCT, CRP and leukocytes were recorded on admission to the ICU and again 72 hours after admission. INTERVENTIONS: None. RESULTS: Those patients with increasing procalcitonin levels showed higher hospital mortality than those with a decreasing levels (58.8% vs. 15.4%, P<0.01). No such effect was observed in relation to C-reactive protein or leukocytes. The best area under the curve for prognosis was for procalcitonin clearance (0.79). A procalcitonin clearance of 70% or higher offered a sensitivity and specificity of 94.7% and 53%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Serial procalcitonin measurements are more predictive of the prognosis of septic shock patients than single measurements of this parameter. The prognostic reliability of the latter is also better than in the case of C-reactive protein and leukocytes. The application of serial procalcitonin measurements may allow the identification of those septic patients at increased mortality risk, and help improve their treatment.

Severe course of community-acquired pneumonia in an adult patient who is heterozygous for Q481P in the perforin gene: are carriers of the mutation free of risk?

Most cases of autosomal recessive hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) are associated with over 50 mutations in the perforin gene. Some of these mutations have no clear functional association. Only homozygous patients display a full-blown syndrome, whereas no severe disease has been described in heterozygous carriers of these mutations despite the presence of functional and phenotypic alterations in cytotoxic cells. We study the family of a child who died from HLH at 6 months of age due to a Q481P mutation in the perforin gene. The study is particularly interesting because the patient's heterozygous father experienced severe community-acquired pneumonia that could be attributed to deficient in vitro NK cell activity despite normal perforin expression. This case report suggests that impaired NK cell activity in a heterozygote can result in poorer initial control of infections with severe clinical expression.