Beyond 1,2,3-Triazoles: Formation and Applications of Ketenimines Derived from Copper Catalyzed Azide Alkyne Cycloaddition.

The ketenimines represent an interesting class of organic intermediates which has undergone a regrowth as a consequence of recent extensions of copper catalyzed azide alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) to other synthetic fields. This review summarizes the most recent generation methods of ketinimines from CuAAC reaction, highlighting chemical properties focused to the synthesis of cyclic compounds among others, affording a general outlook towards the development of new biologically active compounds.

Synthesis and Development of Indole Based 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists as Anti-Emetic Drugs in Oncology: An Update.

An important group of antiemetic drugs used in the treatment of nausea and vomiting after chemotherapy containing an indole moiety in their structures, working as 5- hydroxytryptamine type 3 serotonin receptor antagonist (5-HT3). This study focuses on compounds bearing an indole core that present a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist activity, which have been successfully used as antiemetic drugs for reducing chemotherapy adverse secondary effects during cancer treatment. Their synthesis, biological activities, and some outstanding characteristics are discussed, providing a general outlook towards the development of more efficient antiemetic drugs.

Chemosensing of neurotransmitters with selectivity and naked eye detection of l-DOPA based on fluorescent Zn(ii)-terpyridine bearing boronic acid complexes.

Biological catecholamines such as l-DOPA and dopamine play vital physiological roles in the brain and are chemical indicators of human diseases. A new range of fluorescent Zn(ii)-terpyridine complexes are described and studied in-depth as chemosensors for catecholamine-based neurotransmitters and nucleosides in pure water. The new Zn-terpyridine-based chemosensors contain a cationic N-isoquinolinium nucleus as the optical indicator covalently linked to three different isomers of strongly acidified phenylboronic acids (ortho-, 2.Zn; meta-, 3.Zn and para-, 4.Zn, substituted derivatives) as catechol binding sites. The addition of l-DOPA, dopamine, epinephrine, l-tyrosine and nucleosides to Zn(ii)-boronic acid chemosensors at physiological pH quenches their blue emission with a pronounced selectivity and an unprecedented high affinity towards l-DOPA (log K = 6.01). This efficient response by l-DOPA was also observed in the presence of coexisting species in blood plasma and urine with a detection limit of 3.0 µmol L-1. A photoinduced electron transfer quenching mechanism with simultaneous chemosensor-l-DOPA complexation in both the excited and ground states is proposed. The fluorescence experimental observations show that the 2.Zn·eosin-Y adduct can be used as a selective naked-eye chemosensing ensemble for l-DOPA with a fast turn-on fluorescent response and color change from blue to green under UV light at the micromolar level. On the basis of multiple spectroscopic techniques (1H, 11B NMR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence), MS-ESI experiments, crystal structures, and DFT calculations, the binding mode between Zn(ii)-chemosensors and l-DOPA is proposed in a 1 : 1 model through a cooperative two-point recognition involving the reversible esterification of the boronic acid moiety with the aromatic diol fragment of l-DOPA together with the coordination of the carboxylate anion to the Zn(ii) atom with strong electrostatic contribution.

Bifunctional colorimetric chemosensing of fluoride and cyanide ions by nickel-POCOP pincer receptors.

Three Ni(ii)-POCOP pincer complexes [NiCl{C6H2-4-OH-2,6-(OPPh2)2}], 1; [NiCl{C6H2-4-OH-2,6-(OPtBu2)2}], 2 and [NiCl{C6H2-4-OH-2,6-(OPiPr2)2}], 3 were studied as bifunctional molecular sensors for inorganic anions and acetate. In CH3CN, fluoride generates a bathochromic shift with a colorimetric change for 1-3 with a simultaneous fluorescence turn on, this optical effect is based on deprotonation of the para-hydroxy group of the POCOP ligand. On the other hand, in a neutral aqueous solution of 80 vol% CH3CN, additions of cyanide produce a distinct change of color by forming very stable complexes with the nickel-based receptors 1-3 with log Ka in the range of 4.38-5.03 M-1 and pronounced selectivity over other common anions such as iodide, phosphate, and acetate. Additionally, bromide shows a modest spectral change and affinity, but lower than those observed for cyanide. On the basis of 1H NMR experiments, UV-vis titrations, ESI-MS experiments, and the crystal structure of the neutral bromo complex of 1, it is proposed that the colorimetric change involves an exchange of chloride by CN- on the Ni(ii) atom. The Ni(ii)-based sensor 1 allows the fluorescent selective detection of fluoride with a limit of 5.66 µmol L-1 and colorimetric sensing of cyanide in aqueous medium in the micromolar concentration range.

A comparative study of the packing of two polymorphs of the nickel(II) pincer complex [2,6-bis(di-tert-butylphosphinoyl)-4-(3,5-dinitrobenzoyloxy)phenyl-κ(3)P,C(1),P']chloridonickel(II).

Pincer complexes can act as catalysts in organic transformations and have potential applications in materials, medicine and biology. They exhibit robust structures and high thermal stability attributed to the tridentate coordination of the pincer ligands and the strong σ metal-carbon bond. Nickel derivatives of these ligands have shown high catalytic activities in cross-coupling reactions and other industrially relevant transformations. This work reports the crystal structures of two polymorphs of the title Ni(II) POCOP pincer complex, [Ni(C29H41N2O8P2)Cl] or [NiCl{C6H2-4-[OCOC6H4-3,5-(NO2)2]-2,6-(OP(t)Bu2)2}]. Both pincer structures exhibit the Ni(II) atom in a distorted square-planar coordination geometry with the POCOP pincer ligand coordinated in a typical tridentate manner via the two P atoms and one arene C atom via a C-Ni σ bond, giving rise to two five-membered chelate rings. The coordination sphere of the Ni(II) centre is completed by a chloride ligand. The asymmetric units of both polymorphs consist of one molecule of the pincer complex. In the first polymorph, the arene rings are nearly coplanar, with a dihedral angle between the mean planes of 27.9 (1)°, while in the second polymorph, this angle is 82.64 (1)°, which shows that the arene rings are almost perpendicular to one another. The supramolecular structure is directed by the presence of weak C-H...O=X (X = C or N) interactions, forming two- and three-dimensional chain arrangements.

N-Benzyl-2-hy-droxy-ethanaminium cyanurate.

In the cation of the title compound C9H14ON(+)·C3H2O3N3 (-), the benzyl-amine C-N bond subtends a dihedral angle of 78.3 (2)° with the phenyl ring. The cyanurate anion is in the usual keto-form and shows an r.m.s. deviation from planarity of 0.010 Å. In the crystal, the cyanurate anions form N-H⋯O hydrogen-bonded zigzag ribbons along [001]. These ribbons are crosslinked by the organocations via O-H⋯N and N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming bilayers parallel to (010) which are held together along [010] by slipped π-π inter-actions between pairs of cyanurate anions [shortest contact distances C⋯C = 3.479 (2), O⋯N = 3.400 (2); centroid-centroid distance= 4.5946 (9) Å] and between cyanurate and phenyl rings [centroid-centroid distance = 3.7924 (12) Å, ring-ring angle = 11.99 (10)°].

1,3-Bis[(naphthalen-2-ylsulfan-yl)meth-yl]benzene.

Mol-ecules of the title compound, C(28)H(22)S(2), are located on a crystallographic mirror plane with one half-mol-ecule in the asymmetric unit. The dihedral angle between the phenyl ring and the naphthyl unit is 83.14 (7)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are inter-connected by C-H⋯S and C-H⋯π inter-actions.