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Rev Med Inst Mex Seguro Soc ; 52(2): 138-43, 2014.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24758850

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate anthropometric and biochemical indices of the nutritional status of newborn with extremely low weight. METHODS: It was carried out a cohort study with 10 patients included, of both sexes, and weight at birth between 700-1200 g, who were under treatment with parenteral nutrition (PN), and/or minimal enteric stimulus (MES). RESULTS: Nine patients (90 %) received PN plus MES. One patient received only oral or enteric nutrition. Daily increase in weight was 7-23.8 g with an average of 15.6 g. In size, weekly increase was 0.30-1.5 cm with an average of 0.78 cm. In cephalic perimeter, the weekly increase was between 0.1-1.1 cm weekly with an average of 0.57 cm. Once the PN treatment was stopped and the patients were managed only with oral feeding, the weigh increases ranged between 12.5-35 g per day with an average of 22.7 g/day; height increased weekly from 0.45 to 1.1 cm, with an average of 0.89 cm/week; cephalic perimeter increased weekly from 0.45 to 1.3 cm, with an average of 0.80 cm. All the patients (100 %) had a positive nitrogen balance. CONCLUSIONS: The treatment of PN and MES is a useful strategy in order to keep a positive nitrogen balance and promote the increase in weight, size and cephalic perimeter so that the newborn could get the rate of growth in utero.


OBJETIVO: evaluar los índices antropométricos y bioquímicos del neonato de peso extremadamente bajo. MÉTODOS: estudio de cohorte en el que se evaluaron 10 pacientes con peso al nacer entre 700 y 1200 g, a quienes se les proporcionó nutrición parenteral y enteral. RESULTADOS: 90 % de los recién nacidos recibió nutrición parenteral más estímulo enteral mínimo, con los que registró un incremento diario de peso de 7 a 23 g, con una media de 15.6 g; en la talla, el incremento fue de 0.30 a 1.5 cm semanales, con una media de 0.78 cm; y en el perímetro cefálico, entre 0.1 y 1.1 cm semanales, con una media de 0.57 cm. Al suspender la nutrición parenteral y administrar vía oral exclusiva, el incremento del peso osciló entre 12.5 y 35 g diarios, con una media de 22.7 g; la talla aumentó de 0.45 a 1.1 cm semanales, con una media de 0.89 cm; el perímetro cefálico, de 0.45 a 1.3 cm semanales, con una media de 0.80 cm. Todos los neonatos tuvieron balance nitrogenado positivo. CONCLUSIONES: se debe iniciar la nutrición parental total desde el primer contacto con el paciente y, de ser posible, el estímulo enteral mínimo para mantener un balance nitrogenado positivo y favorecer el aumento de peso, talla y perímetro cefálico para alcanzar la tasa de crecimiento in utero.


Assuntos
Recém-Nascido de Peso Extremamente Baixo ao Nascer/sangue , Recém-Nascido de Peso Extremamente Baixo ao Nascer/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Triagem Neonatal/métodos , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Estatura , Peso Corporal , Cefalometria , Estudos de Coortes , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino
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