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1.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 67(9): 775-779, nov. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-129945

RESUMO

OBJETIVO: Aportamos un caso de un linfoma vaginal primario cuya primera manifestación fue un episo-dio de disuria y retención aguda de orina, con revisión bibliográfica. MÉTODOS: Paciente, 36 años. Consulta en urología por disuria inicial que desencadena un episodio de retención aguda de orina. La exploración muestra engrosamiento de la pared vaginal. Se biopsia obteniendo el diagnóstico de linfoma no Hodgkin difuso de células grandes B vaginal primario. RESULTADOS: Los linfomas primarios del tracto genital femenino son infrecuentes. La tercera localización en frecuencia es la vagina. La manifestación más frecuente es el sangrado vaginal. Rara vez son los síntomas urinarios el primer signo. Su diagnóstico es por anatomía patológica. El tratamiento de elección es la poliquimioterapia según el protocolo Rituximab-CHOP. CONCLUSIONES: El Linfoma vaginal es una patología infrecuente. Es raro que la primera manifestación sean síntomas urológicos, más todavía que se presente en forma de retención urinaria aguda


OBJECTIVE: We report a case of primary vaginal lymphoma. The clinical presentation was an episode of dysuria and acute urinary retention. We performed a bibliographic review. METHODS: Thirty-six year-old patient who consulted in the urology clinic for hesitancy that triggered an episode of acute urinary retention. Physical examination revealed thickening of the vaginal wall. Biopsy was performed and diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell primary vaginal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma was obtained. RESULTS: Primary lymphomas of the female genital tract are rare. The third most frequent location is vagina. The most common manifestation is vaginal bleeding. Urinary symptoms are rarely the first sign. Diagnosis requires a biopsy. The first choice for treatment is Rituximab- CHOP immuno-chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: Vaginal lymphoma is a rare disease. Unfrequently, the first clinical manifestations are urinary tract symptoms, and even less acute urinary retention


Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adulto , Disuria/etiologia , Retenção Urinária/etiologia , Neoplasias Vaginais/diagnóstico , Linfoma não Hodgkin/diagnóstico , Linfoma Difuso de Grandes Células B/patologia
2.
Arch. esp. urol. (Ed. impr.) ; 61(9): 1096-1102, nov. 2008. ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-69492

RESUMO

Objetivo: El índice no despreciable de cálculos residuales tras la litotricia extracorpórea está haciendo replantear las indicaciones de la nefrolitotomía percutánea (NLP). El láser, de la mano de los nefroscopios flexibles, juega un gran papel en este terreno. Los láseres de Nd-YÁG pulsado, el de colorante y el de Álexandrita han dado paso al láser de holmium YÁG en el tratamiento endourológico de la litiasis urinaria. Métodos: En las nefrolitotomías percutáneas de cálculos de gran volumen suele requerirse de más de un tipo de litotritor, y geralmente se prefieren por su alto rendimiento los litotritores balísticos o electrokinéticos. El láser de holmium encuentra sus mejores indicaciones en el tratamiento de los cálculos caliciales alejados de la pelvis y sólo accesibles a través de un nefroscopio flexible. También son buenas indicaciones para el mismo las «midi y mini percs», la litiasis renal en la infancia y algunos cálculos terrosos, de poca consistencia. Según las características anatómicas del riñón y de localización, número, tamaño y dureza del cálculo pueden utilizarse fibras de 200, 365 ó 500 mm. Debido a que el láser horada al cálculo como si se tratara de una barrena térmica, éste puede romperse de varias maneras: aplicando la fibra de cuarzo entre sus capas, horadando todo su interior antes de fragmentar su superficie o taladrarlo en múltiples puntos para debilitarlo y crear amplias líneas de fractura. Para acelerar la rotura puede optarse por utilizar fibras más gruesas o por modificar la programación de datos del equipo incrementando su potencia, si bien esto conlleva un potencial riesgo para el riñón. Resultados: El teórico 100% de buenos resultados se ve reducido por la interferencia de múltiples factores técnicos y anatómicos: tamaño, número, situación y dureza del cálculo, así como por las posibilidades de alcanzar a ver el cálculo y poder confrontar el extremo de la fibra contra el mismo. Conclusiones: Aunque el láser de holmium presta un magnífico papel a la hora de evitar o reducir el número de cálculos residuales, en ocasiones su eficacia se ve superada por la de la litotricia electrohidráulica (AU)


Objectives: The non negligible number of residual stones after extracorporeal lithotripsy is leading to a revision of the indications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The laser, managed with flexible nephroscopes, plays an important role in this field. Pulsed Nd: YAG, dye and alexandrite lasers have given way to the holmium:yag laser in the endourological treatment of urinary lithiasis. Methods: More than one lithotripter are often required for percutaneous nephrolithotomy of great volume stones, and ballistic and electrokinetic lithotripters are generally preferred due to their high performance. The best indications for Holmium laser is the treatment of caliceal stones far from the pelvis, only accessible through flexible nephroscopes. Midi and minipercs, renal lithiasis in children and some earthy calculi, of low consistency, are also good indications for it. Depending on the anatomical characteristics of the kidney and localization, number, size and hardness of the stone 200,365, or 500 nanometer fibers may be employed. Due to the fact that the laser drills a hole in the stone like if it is a thermal barrier, it may break in different ways: applying the quartz fiber in between the layers, drilling all the interior before breaking the surface, or drilling multiple points to weaken it and creating broad fracture lines. To accelerate the breaking process one can choose to use larger fibers or to modify the settings of the equipment increasing the potency, although this has some potential risk for the kidney. Results: The theoretical 100% of good results is reduced due to multiple technical and anatomical factors: size, number, localization, and hardness of the stone, as well as the possibility of reaching and seeing the calculus and being able to place the tip of the fiber against it. Conclusions: Although the holmium laser develops an excellent role at the time of avoiding leaving residual calculi or diminishing the number of them, sometimes the electrohydraulic lithotripsy is more effective (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Terapia a Laser/métodos , Lasers/uso terapêutico , Nefrostomia Percutânea/métodos , Nefrostomia Percutânea/tendências , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Urológicos/métodos , Nefrostomia Percutânea/instrumentação , Cálculos Ureterais/cirurgia , Cálculos Urinários/cirurgia , Nefrostomia Percutânea , Litíase/cirurgia
3.
Arch Esp Urol ; 61(9): 1096-102, 2008 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19140592

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The non negligible number of residual stones after extracorporeal lithotripsy is leading to a revision of the indications of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). The laser, managed with flexible nephroscopes, plays an important role in this field. Pulsed Nd: YAG, dye and alexandrite lasers have given way to the holmium:yag laser in the endourological treatment of urinary lithiasis. METHODS: More than one lithotripter are often required for percutaneous nephrolithotomy of great volume stones, and ballistic and electrokinetic lithotripters are generally preferred due to their high performance. The best indications for Holmium laser is the treatment of caliceal stones far from the pelvis, only accessible through flexible nephroscopes. Midi and minipercs, renal lithiasis in children and some earthy calculi, of low consistency, are also good indications for it. Depending on the anatomical characteristics of the kidney and localization, number, size and hardness of the stone 200, 365, or 500 nanometer fibers may be employed. Due to the fact that the laser drills a hole in the stone like if it is a thermal barrier, it may break in different ways: applying the quartz fiber in between the layers, drilling all the interior before breaking the surface, or drilling multiple points to weaken it and creating broad fracture lines. To accelerate the breaking process one can choose to use larger fibers or to modify the settings of the equipment increasing the potency, although this has some potential risk for the kidney. RESULTS: The theoretical 100% of good results is reduced due to multiple technical and anatomical factors: size, number, localization, and hardness of the stone, as well as the possibility of reaching and seeing the calculus and being able to place the tip of the fiber against it. CONCLUSIONS: Although the holmium laser develops on excellent role at the time of avoiding leaving residual calculi or diminishing the number of them, sometimes the electrohydraulic lithotripsy is more effective.


Assuntos
Cálculos Renais/terapia , Lasers de Estado Sólido/uso terapêutico , Nefrostomia Percutânea/métodos , Humanos , Cálculos Renais/cirurgia
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