RESUMO
The physicochemical treatment (PT) of food industry wastewater was investigated. In the first stage, calcium magnesium acetate (CaMgAc4) was synthesized using eggshell (biocalcium), magnesium oxide and acetic acid in a 1:1:1 stoichiometric ratio. In the synthesis process, the thermodynamic parameters (ΔH, ΔS and ΔG) indicated that the reaction was endothermic and spontaneous. The samples were characterized by infrared spectroscopy (IR), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electron X-ray dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). CaMgAc4 was used to precipitate the phosphate matter. IR analysis revealed that the main functional groups were representative of the acetate compounds and the presence of OH- groups and carbonates. In the physicochemical treatment, a response surface design was used to determine the variables that influence the process (pH, t, and concentration), and the response variable was phosphorus removal. The treatments were carried out in the wastewater industry with an initial concentration of 658 mg/L TP. The optimal conditions of the precipitation treatment were pH 12, time 12 min, and a CaMgAc4 concentration of 13.18 mg/L. These conditions allowed the total elimination (100%) of total phosphorus and phosphates, 81.43% BOD5 and 81.0% COD, 98.9% turbidity, 95.01% color, and 92% nitrogen matter.
Assuntos
Cálcio/química , Casca de Ovo/química , Indústria Alimentícia , Fosfatos/isolamento & purificação , Eliminação de Resíduos Líquidos/métodos , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Acetatos/química , Animais , Precipitação Química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Óxido de Magnésio/química , Fosfatos/análise , Fosfatos/química , Águas Residuárias/química , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/químicaRESUMO
El síndrome de transfusión feto-feto es una complicación de los embarazos gemelares monocigóticos-monocoriónicos, que se presenta en el segundo trimestre, con una mortalidad perinatal mayor del 60 por ciento. La presencia de anastomosis vasculares dentro de la placenta es la responsable del síndrome. El diagnóstico requiere la comprobación ultrasonográfica de monocorionicidad, de la secuencia oligohidramnios-polihidramnios, de discordancia en el crecimiento fetal y valores divergentes de hemoglobina y hematócrito. La indometacina, la amniocentesis y la cirugía endoscópica fetal pueden disminuir la elevada tasa de mortalidad perinatal. Si bien el pronóstico perinatal parece estar relacionado con la morbimortalidad a corto plazo, es recomendable realizar segumiento a largo plazo
