RESUMO
The methanolic crude extract from the roots of Jacquinia flammea showed moderate antifungal activity against dermatophytes and very strong antifungal activity against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The bioassay-guided purification of the extract, using a combination of vacuum-liquid chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography, allowed the identification of sakurasosaponin as the main metabolite responsible for the antifungal activity.
Assuntos
Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Raízes de Plantas/química , Primulaceae/química , Saponinas/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/análise , Antifúngicos/química , Arthrodermataceae/efeitos dos fármacos , Cromatografia Líquida , Colletotrichum/efeitos dos fármacos , Metanol , Estrutura Molecular , Extratos Vegetais/análise , Extratos Vegetais/química , Saponinas/análise , Saponinas/químicaRESUMO
Betulinic acid (1), isolated from the crude extract of the leaves of Pentalinon andrieuxii (Apocynaceae), together with betulinic acid acetate (2), betulonic acid (3), betulinic acid methyl ester (4), and betulin (5) were evaluated for their antiprotozoal activity. The results showed that modifying the C-3 position increases leishmanicidal activity while modification of the C-3 and C-28 positions decreases trypanocidal activity.
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Apocynaceae/química , Leishmania/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plasmodium falciparum/efeitos dos fármacos , Triterpenos/farmacologia , Trypanosoma/efeitos dos fármacos , Antiprotozoários/síntese química , Antiprotozoários/isolamento & purificação , Estrutura Molecular , Testes de Sensibilidade Parasitária , Triterpenos Pentacíclicos , Extratos Vegetais/química , Folhas de Planta , Triterpenos/química , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Ácido BetulínicoRESUMO
Extracts from leaves, stems, and roots of twelve plants used commonly in Yucatecan traditional medicine were evaluated in the DNA-methyl green assay. Twenty one extracts showed DNA-interacting activity, and nine of them, belonging to five plant species, presented a displacement activity of 5% or higher. The highest activity (17.6%) was detected in the leaf extract of Heliotropium angiospermum.
Assuntos
DNA/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicina Tradicional , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos , Etídio/farmacologia , Verde de Metila , México , Modelos Biológicos , Farmacognosia , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Estruturas VegetaisRESUMO
Bioactivity of extracts from leaves, stems and roots of twelve plants commonly used in Yucatecan traditional medicine were evaluated in four bioassays. Crude extracts from ten plants showed significant activity in the inhibition of bleaching of beta-carotene assay, while thirteen extracts showed activity in the reduction of 2, 2- diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay. In the antimicrobial bioassay, the major activity was presented by the root extract of Jatropha gaumeri and in the beta-glucosidase inhibition activity assay the strongest activity was observed in the stem and root extracts of Solanum hirtum.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Inibidores Enzimáticos/farmacologia , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais , beta-Glucosidase/antagonistas & inibidores , Antibacterianos , Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Antioxidantes/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/efeitos dos fármacos , Bioensaio , Avaliação Pré-Clínica de Medicamentos/métodos , Inibidores Enzimáticos/isolamento & purificação , Etnofarmacologia , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Fungos/efeitos dos fármacos , Medicina Tradicional , México , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana/métodos , Modelos BiológicosRESUMO
Two new phytotoxic polyketides, tagetolone (1) and tagetenolone (2), in addition to tyrosol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid, have been isolated from the organic crude extract of culture filtrates from the fungal pathogen Alternaria tagetica. Complete characterization of all structures was carried out following a careful analysis of their spectroscopic data (IR, MS, (1)H and (13)C NMR, and 2D NMR experiments).
Assuntos
Alternaria/química , Micotoxinas/química , Parabenos/química , Álcool Feniletílico/análogos & derivados , Alternaria/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Alternaria/patogenicidade , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Espectrometria de Massas , Estrutura Molecular , Micotoxinas/isolamento & purificação , Parabenos/isolamento & purificação , Parabenos/farmacologia , Álcool Feniletílico/isolamento & purificação , Plantas/microbiologia , Xilenos/químicaRESUMO
Two novel polyketides, bis-7-O-8' '.8-O-7' '- and bis-7-O-7' '. 8-O-8' '-zinniol (2 and 3, respectively) were isolated from the organic crude extract of culture filtrates from Alternaria tagetica. Both structures were determined on the basis of their spectroscopic data (IR, MS, (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR, and 2D NMR experiments) and confirmed by chemical synthesis. Zinniol (1) was isolated as a major component, and its (13)C NMR data was correctly assigned after careful analysis of data from its 2D NMR experiments (HMQC and HMBC).
