Rare Case of Disseminated Histoplasmosis Mitral Valve Endocarditis in Florida.

BACKGROUND Histoplasma capsulatum is prevalent in the mid-eastern United States and is an environmental fungus that causes human infection by the inhalation of its spores. It is commonly associated with areas containing large amounts of bird excrement and can survive for years in the soil. Only 1% of infected individuals develop disseminated histoplasmosis or Histoplasma endocarditis. CASE REPORT A 61-year-old man with atrial fibrillation had 8 months of fatigue, low-grade fevers, night sweats, and unexplained weight loss presented to the Emergency Department. He worked and lived in Central Florida and although he raised cattle, he denied exposure to birds or bats with regularity. A transesophageal echocardiogram confirmed a sessile echo density on the atrial surface of the mitral valve. His microbial Karius cell-free DNA test from his blood sample was positive for Histoplasma capsulatum, and he was immediately given intravenous liposomal amphotericin for 2 weeks. A tissue valve was used to successfully replace his mitral valve along with a coronary artery bypass and a maze procedure for his persistent atrial fibrillation and atrial flutter. The diagnosis of mitral valve endocarditis from disseminated histoplasmosis was confirmed by pathological analysis, and he was sent home on long-term itraconazole maintenance treatment. CONCLUSIONS Surgical intervention in combination with anti-fungal medication can be a lifesaving intervention for disseminated histoplasmosis. A thorough history is particularly important when evaluating a patient with an unknown infectious source, especially assessing for risk factors, including exposure to environmental factors, workplace, and animals.

Plant-mediated synthesis of Mn3O4nanoparticles: challenges and applications.

This review focuses on the green synthesis methods, challenges, and applications of manganese oxide (Mn3O4) nanoparticles investigated in the past five years. Mn3O4nanoparticles offer some unique properties that are attributed in part to the presence of mixed oxidation states of manganese (i.e. +2 and +3) in the particle, which can be utilized in a wide range of redox-sensitive applications, such as in developing supercapacitive energy storage materials. In addition, the green synthesis of Mn3O4nanoparticles through plant extracts has potential uses in sustainable nanotechnology. Various plant extract-mediated synthesis techniques for Mn3O4nanoparticles have been investigated and presented. By comparing the size and structure of the synthesized Mn3O4nanoparticles, we have observed a consistent pattern of obtaining spherical particles with a size ranging from 16 to 50 nm. The morphology of the generated Mn3O4nanoparticles can be influenced by the annealing temperature and the composition of the plant extract used during the nanoparticle synthesis. Additionally, numerous applications for the greenly produced Mn3O4nanoparticles have been demonstrated. Mn3O4nanoparticles derived from plant extracts have been found to possess antimicrobial properties, supercapacitive and electrochemical capabilities, and excellent pollutant degradation efficiency. However, the magnetic properties of these nanoparticles synthesized by plant extracts are yet to be explored for potential biomedical applications. Finally, challenges to existing synthetic methods and future perspectives on the potential applications of these green synthesized Mn3O4nanoparticles are highlighted.

Successful Treatment of Massive Pulmonary Embolism in Pregnancy with Catheter-Directed Embolectomy.

Introduction Pulmonary embolism (PE) is associated with approximately 10.5% of maternal deaths in the United States. Despite heightened awareness of its mortality potential, there islittle data available to guide its management in pregnancy. We present the case of a massive PE during gestation successfully treated with catheter-directed embolectomy. Case Presentation A 37-year-old G2P1001 presented with a syncopal episode preceded by dyspnea and chest pain. Upon presentation, she was hypotensive, tachycardiac, and hypoxic. Imaging showed an occlusive bilateral PE, right heart strain, and a possible intrauterine pregnancy. Beta-human chorionic gonadotropin was positive. She was taken emergently for catheter-directed embolectomy. Her condition immediately improved afterward. Postprocedure pelvic ultrasound confirmed a viable intrauterine pregnancy at 10 weeks gestation. She was discharged with therapeutic enoxaparin and gave birth to a healthy infant at 38 weeks gestation. Conclusion Despite being the gold standard for PE treatment in nonpregnant adults, systemic thrombolysis is relatively contraindicated in pregnancy due to concern for maternal or fetal hemorrhage. Surgical or catheter-based thrombectomies are rarely recommended. Limited alternative options force their consideration, particularly in a hemodynamically unstable patient. Catheter-directed embolectomy can possibly bypass such complications. Our case exemplifies the consideration of catheter-directed embolectomy as the initial treatment modality of a hemodynamically unstable gestational PE.

Chemical control of medically important arthropods in Panama: A systematic literature review of historical efforts.

Vector-borne diseases are a major source of morbidity in Panama. Herein, we describe historical usage patterns of synthetic insecticides to control arthropod disease vectors in this country. We examine the influence of interventions by vector control programs on the emergence of insecticide resistance. Chemical control has traditionally focused on two mosquito species: Anopheles albimanus, a major regional malaria vector, and Aedes aegypti, a historical vector of yellow fever, and current vector of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. Countrywide populations of An. albimanus depict hyperirritability to organochlorine insecticides administered by indoor residual spraying, although they appear susceptible to these insecticides in bioassays settings, as well as to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in field tests. Populations of Ae. aegypti show resistance to pyrethroids, particularly in areas near Panama City, but the spread of resistance remains unknown in Ae. aegypti and Aedes albopictus. A One Health approach is needed in Panama to pinpoint the insecticide resistance mechanisms including the frequency of knockdown mutations and behavioral plasticity in populations of Anopheles and Aedes mosquitoes. This information is necessary to guide the sustainable implementation of chemical control strategies and the use of modern vector control technologies such as genetically modified mosquitoes, and endosymbiont Wolbachia-based biological control.

Assessing the RP-LC-MS-Based Metabolic Profile of Hass Avocados Marketed in Europe from Different Geographical Origins (Peru, Chile, and Spain) over the Whole Season.

Spain dominates avocado production in Europe, with the Hass variety being the most prominent. Despite this, Spanish production satisfies less than 10% of the overall avocado demand in Europe. Consequently, the European avocado market heavily relies on imports from overseas, primarily sourced from Peru and Chile. Herein, a comprehensive characterization of the metabolic profile of Hass avocado fruits from Spain, Peru, and Chile, available in the European market throughout the year, was carried out. The determination of relevant substances was performed using high- and low-resolution RP-LC-MS. Remarkable quantitative differences regarding phenolic compounds, amino acids, and nucleosides were observed. Principal component analysis revealed a natural clustering of avocados according to geographical origin. Moreover, a specific metabolic pattern was established for each avocado-producing country using supervised partial least squares discriminant analysis. Spanish fruits exhibited high levels of coumaric acid malonyl-hexose II, coumaric acid hexose II, and ferulic acid hexose II, together with considerably low levels of pantothenic acid and uridine. Chilean avocado fruits presented high concentrations of abscisic acid, uridine, ferulic acid, succinic acid, and tryptophan. Fruits from Peru showed high concentrations of dihydroxybenzoic acid hexose, alongside very low levels of p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, coumaric acid malonyl-hexose I, and ferulic acid hexose II.

Inhibition of Endothelial Inflammatory Response by HT-C6, a Hydroxytyrosol Alkyl Ether Derivative.

Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a bioactive phenolic compound naturally present in olives and extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) which is described as an antioxidant, antitumoral and antiangiogenic molecule. Previous studies of semi-synthetic HT-derivatives presented the hydroxytyrosyl alkyl ether HT-C6 as one of the most potent derivatives studied in the context of antioxidant, anti-platelet and antiangiogenic assays, but its direct effect on inflammation was not reported. In this work, we use RT-qPCR measure of gene expression, protein analysis by Western-blot and immunofluorescence techniques, adhesion and migration functional assays and single-cell monitoring of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in order to explore in vitro the ability of HT-C6 to interfere in the inflammatory response of endothelial cells (ECs). Our results showed that HT-C6 strongly reduces the TNF-α-induced expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1), intercellular cell adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1), E-selectin (SELE), C-C motif chemokine ligand 2 and 5 (CCL2 and CCL5) in HUVECs, impairing the chemotactic and adhesion potential of these cells towards THP-1 monocytes in vitro. In this work, we define a mechanism of action underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of HT-C6, which involves the abrogation of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway activation in ECs. These results, together with the ability of HT-C6 to reduce ROS formation in ECs, point to this compound as a promising HT-derivative to be tested in the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Recubrimiento biodegradable antifúngico a base de quitosano y aceite esencial de cítricos para la conservación de papaya (Carica papaya L.) en poscosecha / Biodegradable antifungal coating based on chitosan and citrus essential oil for the conservation of papaya (Carica papaya L.) in postharvest

RESUMEN La papaya es una fruta climatérica altamente perecedera. La antracnosis, enfermedad provocada por hongos, es una de las principales causas de pérdida poscosecha. La actividad de extractos vegetales ha permitido la inhibición del desarrollo de microorganismos, en particular se ha reportado la actividad antifúngica de aceites esenciales. El objetivo de la presente investigación fue evaluar el efecto de un recubrimiento biodegradable a base de quitosano con aceite esencial de cítricos, aplicado en etapa poscosecha, en las propiedades físicoquímicas, fisiológicas e inhibición del crecimiento del hongo Colletotrichum gloeosporioides en frutos de papaya (Carica papaya L.). El recubrimiento se preparó con quitosano, glicerol, ácido acético, aceite esencial de Citrus reticulata (0.5 %, 1.0 % y 1.5 %) y Tween® 80. La solución se aplicó con una brocha en la epidermis de los frutos de papaya y se almacenaron a temperatura ambiente (24 °C ± 2 °C) por 10 d, junto con los frutos testigo. Las variables evaluadas en los frutos fueron color, pH, sólidos solubles totales (SST), firmeza, pérdida de peso, producción de CO2, de etileno y daño por antracnosis. Se utilizó un modelo estadístico completamente al azar. Los datos se sometieron al análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y comparación de medias por la prueba de Tukey (P < 0.05). El recubrimiento aplicado retrasó el cambio de color de la epidermis de los frutos de papaya, la pérdida de peso, firmeza y SST respecto a los frutos testigo. Los cambios estuvieron asociados a la modificación de la tasa de respiración y de producción de etileno de los frutos con recubrimiento. La matriz del quitosano conteniendo aceites escenciales, usada como recubrimiento, mejoró significativamente la vida de anaquel de la papaya y disminuyó más del 80 % el daño por antracnosis.

ABSTRACT Papaya is a highly perishable climacteric fruit. Anthracnose, a disease provoked by fungus, is one of the main causes of postharvest losses. The activity of plant extracts has allowed the inhibition of the development of microorganisms; in particular, the antifungal activity of essential oils has been reported. The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of a biodegradable antifungal coating based on chitosan with citrus essential oil in the physicochemical and physiological properties and the antifungal activity of postharvest papaya (Carica papaya L.). The coating was prepared with chitosan, glycerol, acetic acid, essential oil of Citrus reticulata (0.5 %, 1.0 % and 1.5 %) and Tween® 80. The solution was applied with a brush to the epidermis of the postharvest papaya fruits and stored at room temperature (24 °C ± 2 °C) for 10 d. The variables evaluated in the fruits were color, pH, °Brix, firmness, weight loss, production of CO2 and ethylene and anthracnose damage. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed under a completely randomized design and a comparison of Tukey means (P < 0.05). The coating applied delayed the color change of the epidermis of the papaya fruits, these maintained the high firmness values with respect to the control fruits. The changes were associated with the modification of the respiration rate and ethylene production of the coated fruits. The chitosan matrix containing essential oils used as a coating significantly improved shelf life of papaya and decreased anthracnose damage by 80 %.

Formation of Ag-Fe Bimetallic Nano-Species on Mordenite Depending on the Initial Ratio of Components.

The formation and properties of silver and iron nanoscale components in the Ag-Fe bimetallic system deposited on mordenite depend on several parameters during their preparation. Previously, it was shown that an important condition for optimizing nano-center properties in a bimetallic catalyst is to change the order of sequential deposition of components; the order "first Ag+, then Fe2+" was chosen as optimal. In this work, the influence of exact Ag/Fe atomic proportion on the system's physicochemical properties was studied. This ratio has been confirmed to affect the stoichiometry of the reduction-oxidation processes involving Ag+ and Fe2+, as shown by XRD, DR UV-Vis, XPS, and XAFS data, while HRTEM, SBET and TPD-NH3 show little change. However, it was found the correlation between the occurrence and amount of the Fe3+ ions incorporated into the zeolite's framework and the experimentally determined catalytic activities towards the model de-NOx reaction along the series of nanomaterials elucidated in this present paper.

Study of Electric and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Modified MFI Zeolite Prepared by a Mechanochemical Method.

Zeolites are materials of undeniable importance for science and technology. Since the properties of zeolites can be tuned after the inclusion of additional chemical species into the zeolitic framework, it is necessary to study the nature of zeolites after modification with transition metals to understand the new properties that were obtained, and with this information, novel applications can be proposed. This paper reports a solvent-free approach for the rapid synthesis of zeolites modified with iron and/or iron oxide particles. The samples were characterized, and their electrical and magnetic properties were investigated.

Minimally Invasive Removal of Extra- and Intradural Spinal Tumors Using Full Endoscopic Visualization.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of minimally invasive endoscopic surgery in patients with spinal extradural and intradural-extramedullary tumors. METHODS: This was a study of 15 consecutive patients with spinal extradural or intradural-extramedullary tumors up to 2 levels treated by minimal invasive surgery using a full endoscopic visualization and Caspar's retraction system (for cervical, thoracic, and lumbar tumors) over a 4-year period between January 2015 to April 2019 at a tertiary center. RESULTS: A gross total remove was achieved in all patients (100%), determined by postoperative contrast computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging. There was no postoperative spinal instability. All patients had equal or better neurologic functions after surgery at follow-up. The average preoperative Nurick's grade mean was 1.9 and the postoperative was 1.1. The average preoperative McCormick's grade mean was 2.9 versus 1.3 in the postoperative period. CONCLUSIONS: Selective extradural or intradural-extramedullary tumors well localized and up to 2 levels can be safely and effectively treated by minimally invasive surgery using a full endoscopic visualization and the Caspar's retractor. However, there is insufficient evidence to recommend this approach over the classical or other microsurgical approach described.

Genotype-phenotype correlations in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a multicenter study in Portugal and Spain of the TPM1 p.Arg21Leu variant.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: TPM1 is one of the main hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) genes. Clinical information on carriers is relatively scarce, limiting the interpretation of genetic findings in individual patients. Our aim was to establish genotype-phenotype correlations of the TPM1 p.Arg21Leu variant in a serie of pedigrees. METHODS: TPM1 was evaluated by next-generation sequencing in 10 561 unrelated probands with inherited heart diseases. Familial genetic screening was performed by the Sanger method. We analyzed TPM1 p.Arg21Leu pedigrees for cosegregation, clinical characteristics, and outcomes. We also estimated the geographical distribution of the carrier families in Portugal and Spain. RESULTS: The TPM1 p.Arg21Leu variant was identified in 25/4099 (0.61%) HCM-cases, and was absent in 6462 control individuals with other inherited cardiac phenotypes (P<.0001). In total, 83 carriers (31 probands) were identified. The combined LOD score for familial cosegregation was 3.95. The cumulative probability of diagnosis in carriers was 50% at the age of 50 years for males, and was 25% in female carriers. At the age of 70 years, 17% of males and 46% of female carriers were unaffected. Mean maximal left ventricular wall thickness was 21.4 ±7.65mm. Calculated HCM sudden death risk was low in 34 carriers (77.5%), intermediated in 8 (18%), and high in only 2 (4.5%). Survival free of cardiovascular death or heart transplant was 87.5% at 50 years. Six percent of carriers were homozygous and 18% had an additional variant. Family origin was concentrated in Galicia, Extremadura, and northern Portugal, suggesting a founder effect. CONCLUSIONS: TPM1 p.Arg21Leu is a pathogenic HCM variant associated with late-onset/incomplete penetrance and a generally favorable prognosis.

Endoscopic versus open surgery in patients with malignant sinonasal tumours and brain invasion. A case series study.

OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety, effectiveness and perioperative costs of endonasal endoscopic approach in brain invasive malignant sinonsal tumours patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a case series bidirectional study; that included 30 brain invasive malignant sinonsal tumours patients treated by endonasal endoscopic approach (2015-2017) and 53 by open surgery (2010-2015). Propensity score matching was used to compensate the prognostic factors; in a sample of 50 patients (25 per group). Primary response variables was local control and 3-years overall survival. Perioperative cost variables were analyzed. RESULTS: A number of 50 patients were included after matching (25 in each therapeutic group). The age average was 55 years and male proportion was 62%. Squamous cell carcinoma and grade II lesions were the most represented in the sample. Endonasal endoscopic approach reduced surgical time in 1 h 20 min, transfusion needs in 5.5 fold and hospitalization in 19 days; in comparison with open technique. Oncologic control based on surgical free margins, local control, overall survival and progression free survival after three years was higher when the resection was performed endoscopically. Functional status was enhanced and complications diminished by using endoscopic approach. Saving was estimated in $7 355.18 per patient. CONCLUSIONS: Endonasal endoscopic approach represents a safe, effective and economic procedure in selected patients with malignant sinonasal tumors and brain invasion.

Textile Functionalization Using LTA and FAU Zeolitic Materials.

COVID-19 has drawn worldwide attention to the need for personal protective equipment. Face masks can be transformed from passive filters into active protection. For this purpose, it is sufficient to apply materials with oligodynamic effect to the fabric of the masks, which makes it possible to destroy infectious agents that have fallen on the mask with aerosol droplets from the air stream. Zeolites themselves are not oligodynamic materials, but can serve as carriers for nanoparticles of metals and/or compounds of silver, zinc, copper, and other materials with biocidal properties. Such a method, when the particles are immobilized on the surface of the substrate, will increase the lifetime of the active oligodynamic material. In this work, we present the functionalization of textile materials with zeolites to obtain active personal protective equipment with an extended service life. This is done with the aim to extend the synthesis of zeolitic materials to polymeric fabrics beyond cotton. The samples were characterized using XRD, SEM, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. Data of physicochemical studies of the obtained hybrid materials (fabrics with crystals grown on fibers) will be presented, with a focus on the effect of fabrics in the growth process of zeolites.

Keyhole endoscópico retrosigmoideo en tumores del ángulo pontocerebeloso. Resultados de una serie / Endoscopic retrosigmoid keyhole approach in cerebellopontine angle tumors. A surgical cohort

Introducción y objetivos Evaluar la seguridad y eficacia del abordaje tipo keyhole endoscópico retrosigmoideo en pacientes con tumores del ángulo pontocerebeloso. Material y método Se expone una serie clínica retrospectiva y unicéntrica de pacientes con tumores del ángulo pontocerebeloso tratados en un periodo de cuatro años, empleando craneotomía retrosigmoidea tipo keyhole con visualización completamente endoscópica. Se analizaron variables preoperatorias, transoperatorias y postoperatorias.Resultados Se estudiaron 40 pacientes con edad promedio de 49,4 años y proporción masculino/femenino de 0,4:1. De ellos, 31 presentaron schwanomas vestibulares (77,5%), cinco meningiomas (12,5%), dos colesteatomas (5,0%) y dos metástasis (5,0%). Predominaron los schwanomas vestibulares tipo Hannover IIIb, IVa y IVb. La resección fue total o casi total en el 92,5% de los pacientes. Se conservó la audición en el 62,5% de los pacientes y el 80% presentó función aceptable del nervio facial a los seis meses. La estadía hospitalaria promedio fue de 7,5 días. Se observó un elevado porcentaje de resección total o casi total y de recuperación funcional. La frecuencia de complicaciones fue baja. Conclusiones El abordaje tipo keyhole endoscópico retrosigmoideo constituyó un procedimiento seguro y eficaz en los pacientes con tumores del ángulo pontocerebeloso seleccionados (AU)

Introduction and objectives To determine the safety and efficacy of endoscopic keyhole surgery in patients with cerebellopontine angle tumors. Materials and methods This was a retrospective study of patients with cerebellopontine angled tumors treated by fully endoscopic retrosigmoid keyhole approach in a tertiary center during a period of four years. Preoperative, transoperative and postoperative variables were analyzed. Results A number of 40 patients were included. The age average was 49.4 years and male/female proportion was 0.4-1. We found 31 vestibular schwannomas (77.5%), five meningiomas (12,5%), two cholesteatomas (5,0%) and two metastases (5.0%). Vestibular schwannomas Hannover type IIIb, IVa and IVb predominated. The surgical resection was total or near-total 92.5% of patients. Hearing preservation rate was 62.5% and acceptable facial function nerve function rate was 80% after six months. Hospital stay was 7.5 days. The total or near total resection and functionally preservation rate was high. Complications were unusual. Conclusions Endoscopic retrosigmoid keyhole approach represented a safe and efficient procedure in selected patients with cerebellopontine angle tumors (AU)

Endoscopic retrosigmoid keyhole approach in cerebellopontine angle tumors. A surgical cohort.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the safety and efficacy of endoscopic keyhole surgery in patients with cerebellopontine angle tumours. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of patients with cerebellopontine angled tumours treated by fully endoscopic retrosigmoid keyhole approach in a tertiary centre during a period of four years. Preoperative, transoperative and postoperative variables were analysed. RESULTS: A number of 40 patients were included. The age average was 49.4 years and male/female proportion was 0.4-1. We found 31 vestibular schwannomas (77.5%), five meningiomas (12.5%), two cholesteatomas (5.0%) and two metastases (5.0%). Vestibular schwannomas Hannover type IIIb, IVa and IVb predominated. The surgical resection was total or near-total 92.5% of patients. Hearing preservation rate was 62.5% and acceptable facial function nerve function rate was 80% after six months. Hospital stay was 7.5 days. The total or near total resection and functionally preservation rate was high. Complications were unusual. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic retrosigmoid keyhole approach represented a safe and efficient procedure in selected patients with cerebellopontine angle tumours.

Recent Advances in Catalysis Based on Transition Metals Supported on Zeolites.

This article reviews the current state and development of thermal catalytic processes using transition metals (TM) supported on zeolites (TM/Z), as well as the contribution of theoretical studies to understand the details of the catalytic processes. Structural features inherent to zeolites, and their corresponding properties such as ion exchange capacity, stable and very regular microporosity, the ability to create additional mesoporosity, as well as the potential chemical modification of their properties by isomorphic substitution of tetrahedral atoms in the crystal framework, make them unique catalyst carriers. New methods that modify zeolites, including sequential ion exchange, multiple isomorphic substitution, and the creation of hierarchically porous structures both during synthesis and in subsequent stages of post-synthetic processing, continue to be discovered. TM/Z catalysts can be applied to new processes such as CO2 capture/conversion, methane activation/conversion, selective catalytic NOx reduction (SCR-deNOx), catalytic depolymerization, biomass conversion and H2 production/storage.

Adverse Effects Associated With the Use of Antimalarials During The COVID-19 Pandemic in a Tertiary Care Center in Mexico City.

Background: Antimalarial drugs were widely used as experimental therapies against COVID-19 in the initial stages of the pandemic. Despite multiple randomized controlled trials demonstrating unfavorable outcomes in both efficacy and adverse effects, antimalarial drugs are still prescribed in developing countries, especially in those experiencing recurrent COVID-19 crises (India and Brazil). Therefore, real-life experience and pharmacovigilance studies describing the use and side effects of antimalarials for COVID-19 in developing countries are still relevant. Objective: To describe the adverse effects associated with the use of antimalarial drugs in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at a reference center in Mexico City. Methods: We integrated a retrospective cohort with all adult patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia from March 13th, 2020, to May 17th, 2020. We compared the baseline characteristics (demographic and clinical) and the adverse effects between the groups of patients treated with and without antimalarial drugs. The mortality analysis was performed in 491 patients who received optimal care and were not transferred to other institutions (210 from the antimalarial group and 281 from the other group). Results: We included 626 patients from whom 38% (n = 235) received an antimalarial drug. The mean age was 51.2 ± 13.6 years, and 64% were males. At baseline, compared with the group treated with antimalarials, the group that did not receive antimalarials had more dyspnea (82 vs. 73%, p = 0.017) and cyanosis (5.3 vs. 0.9%, p = 0.009), higher respiratory rate (median of 28 vs. 24 bpm, p < 0.001), and lower oxygen saturation (median of 83 vs. 87%, p < 0.001). In the group treated with antimalarials, 120 patients had two EKG evaluations, from whom 12% (n = 16) prolonged their QTc from baseline in more than 50 ms, and six developed a ventricular arrhythmia. Regarding the trajectories of the liver function tests over time, no significant differences were found for the change in the mean value per day between the two groups. Among patients who received optimal care, the mortality was 16% (33/210) in those treated with antimalarials and 15% (41/281) in those not receiving antimalarials (RR 1.08, 95% 0.75-1.64, and adjusted RR 1.12, 95% CI 0.69-1.82). Conclusion: The adverse events in patients with COVID-19 treated with antimalarials were similar to those who did not receive antimalarials at institutions with rigorous pharmacological surveillance. However, they do not improve survival in patients who receive optimal medical care.