RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To compare the clinical and demographic characteristics of older adolescents and young adults with and without alcohol misuse in a primary care setting. METHODS: This study is a case-control study. Eighty-one 18-30 year old adolescents and young adults attending a primary care center were assessed with the CAGE questionnaire, the PRIME-MD instrument and the IPDE screening questionnaire. Sub-samples of positive screen for alcohol misuse (n = 21) and a negative age- and gender matched group (n = 21) were compared. RESULTS: Of those with alcohol misuse, 71.9% had a comorbid psychiatric diagnosis. Depressive and anxiety disorders appeared to be more prevalent among the subjects with alcohol misuse than among controls. Among those patients with depressive or anxiety disorders and alcohol misuse, 22.2% reported suicidal ideation as compared to none among the controls suffering from depressive or anxiety disorders. 69.1% of subjects with alcohol misuse had a comorbid personality disorder. Significantly more adolescents and young adults with alcohol misuse exhibited borderline personality traits (p = 0.03) and there was also a trend towards a greater proportion exhibiting histrionic traits (p = 0.07) than among those without alcohol misuse. CONCLUSIONS: Adolescents and young adults with alcohol misuse in a primary care center have a high prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity. Cluster B personality disorders may be more prevalent in the population with alcohol misuse. Adolescents and young adults with alcohol misuse may be more likely to report suicidal ideation while suffering from depressive or anxiety disorders. Further studies that evaluate the clinical and demographic characteristics of adolescents and young adults with alcohol misuse attended in a primary care center are needed.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo/complicações , Transtorno da Personalidade Antissocial/complicações , Atenção Primária à Saúde , Psicologia do Adolescente , Suicídio/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Transtornos de Ansiedade/complicações , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Demografia , Transtorno Depressivo/complicações , Diagnóstico Duplo (Psiquiatria) , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Projetos Piloto , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Alcohol abusers seem to be prone to both suicide attempts and completions. The relationship between alcohol abuse and suicide in adolescence is complex. OBJECTIVES: To examine the role of alcohol abuse and dependence in adolescent suicide in psychological autopsy studies. METHOD: A search in the National Library of Medicine (NLM) PubMed database using "adolescents" and "all child: 0-18 years" as the search terms for age and "psychological autopsy" as the search term for title or abstract. RESULTS: Forty articles met the selection criteria and each one is described. There was a high prevalence of alcohol abuse detected in the studies (range 21.42% to 43.47% in samples aged under 20 years). Alcohol misuse was present in suicides in the form of chronic abuse, acute abuse and dependence. CONCLUSIONS: Alcohol abuse and dependence is highly prevalent among adolescent suicides. In many studies, alcohol consumption is analyzed in combination with drug abuse. Further studies are necessary to clarify the prevalence of chronic and acute alcohol abuse in order to identify specific high-risk population groups and design antisuicidal interventions for them. Both acute and chronic alcohol use should be evaluated when assessing suicide risk in adolescents.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo/complicações , Psicologia do Adolescente , Suicídio/psicologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Alcoolismo/epidemiologia , Dependência Psicológica , Feminino , Psiquiatria Legal , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Medição de Risco , Fatores de Risco , Espanha/epidemiologia , Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
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Assuntos
Humanos , Prevenção Primária/métodos , Suicídio/prevenção & controle , Depressão/complicações , Atenção Primária à SaúdeRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of alcohol misuse among older adolescents and young adults evaluated in a primary care setting using the CAGE questionnaire. METHODS: In this crossover descriptive study, a general practitioner, using the CAGE questionnaire, interviewed consecutive primary care patients aged 18-30 years. RESULTS: 29.5% of adolescents and young adults answered "yes" to at least one question of the CAGE questionnaire. However, only 7.4% of study participants gave an affirmative answer to at least two CAGE questions. There were more males than females among subjects who answered "yes" to at least one question. Furthermore, males more commonly gave an affirmative answer to at least two CAGE questions. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial number of older adolescents and young adults evaluated at a primary care center may have alcohol misuse. Instruments with higher sensitivity may be preferable in screening procedures for alcohol misuse. Responses suggestive of problematic drinking should be confirmed during the second post-screening stage with a more detailed discussion about patterns of use, problems related to drinking, and symptoms of alcohol use disorder. Further studies of prevention interventions in adolescents and young adults are needed.
