"No One Should Feel Like They're Unsafe": Mobility Justice Photovoice as a Youth Advocacy Tool for Equitable Community Mobility.

Mobility is an often overlooked social determinant of health that broadly affects people of color's health. This study aimed to examine personal and community mobility challenges and opportunities among youth of color and partner to advance equitable community mobility. We conducted a community-based participatory research photovoice study using mobility justice principles from November 2020 to May 2021 with 10 youth of color from South Seattle, Washington. We conducted thematic content analysis of verbatim transcripts. Youth recommended infrastructure changes and free transit to facilitate safe, accessible mobility. Youth reported feeling vulnerable riding public transit alongside people experiencing mental health issues, while recognizing the dangers police can bring to people with mental health challenges and/or communities of color. They emphasized the importance of youth voice and intergenerational community discussions to inform policy making. We coorganized an online forum with youth to exchange ideas for advancing equitable mobility with their community and city leaders. Youth expressed feeling empowered and deepening dedication to mobility justice. Leaders should implement policy and infrastructure changes to enhance equitable mobility by incorporating youth and mobility justice principles in decision-making processes, pay youth for their time, employ facilitators of color, and offer technology support.

Guidelines for feeding very low birth weight infants.

Despite the fact that feeding a very low birth weight (VLBW) neonate is a fundamental and inevitable part of its management, this is a field which is beset with controversies. Optimal nutrition improves growth and neurological outcomes, and reduces the incidence of sepsis and possibly even retinopathy of prematurity. There is a great deal of heterogeneity of practice among neonatologists and pediatricians regarding feeding VLBW infants. A working group on feeding guidelines for VLBW infants was constituted in McMaster University, Canada. The group listed a number of important questions that had to be answered with respect to feeding VLBW infants, systematically reviewed the literature, critically appraised the level of evidence, and generated a comprehensive set of guidelines. These guidelines form the basis of this state-of-art review. The review touches upon trophic feeding, nutritional feeding, fortification, feeding in special circumstances, assessment of feed tolerance, and management of gastric residuals, gastro-esophageal reflux, and glycerin enemas.

A case study utilizing an enteral refeeding technique in a premature infant with short bowel syndrome.

Premature and full-term infants may be born with congenital abnormalities or develop acquired lesions of the gastrointestinal tract that require the placement of an enterostomy. Enterostomies can result in significant segments of excluded small bowel, creating a functional short bowel syndrome. Infants with enterostomies can develop dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and failure to thrive. An illustrative case report of a premature infant with short bowel syndrome treated with enteral refeedings via a mucous fistula is presented. This report highlights the lessons learned from the interdisciplinary team's collective 10-year experience with enteral refeeding in infants with enterostomies. The physiologic basis for this approach is reviewed and literature reports are outlined. The specific nursing care and step-by-step techniques to deliver enteral refeeding through the mucous fistula are provided along with implications for clinical practice, education, and research.