RESUMO
Resumen La presente investigación, se realizó con base en dos supuestos interconductuales: 1) el comportamiento es susceptible de modularse por factores históricos y/o situacionales; 2) el comportamiento pernicioso puede regularse por factores situacionales como las consecuencias. El objetivo fue evaluar el efecto de las consecuencias (positivas y negativas) sobre la elección entre perjudicar o no a un compañero durante la solución de una tarea. Participaron 35 estudiantes universitarios distribuidos aleatoriamente en cinco grupos. La tarea experimental consistió en la solución de operaciones aritméticas proporcionalmente puntuadas (1 a 5 puntos). El principal resultado fue que las consecuencias negativas por no perjudicar modulan mayoritariamente la ocurrencia de comportamiento pernicioso. Los resultados se discuten en términos del papel regulador de las consecuencias (en relación con el comportamiento pernicioso) en tanto factor situacional.
Abstract This research was based on two main interbehavioral suppositions: 1) Behavior is likely modulated by historical and/or situational factors; 2) Pernicious behavior can be regulated by situational factors such as the consequences. The objective was to evaluate the effect of the consequences (positives and negatives) on the choice between to harm or do not harm a classmate while solving a task. Thirty-five college students were randomly assigned into one of five experimental groups. The task consisted in solving arithmetic operations proportionally scored from 1 to 5 points. The results are discussed in terms of the regulatory role of the consequences (in relation to pernicious behavior) as a situational factor. The main result was that the negative consequences by the choice of do not harm the partner mainly modulated the occurrence of pernicious behavior.
Assuntos
Comportamento Social , Meio Social , Estudantes/psicologiaRESUMO
Globally, irrigated agriculture is the largest abstractor, and predominant consumer, of groundwater resources, with large groundwater-dependent agro-economies now having widely evolved especially in Asia. Such use is also causing resource depletion and degradation in more arid and drought-prone regions. In addition crop cultivation practices on irrigated land exert a major influence on groundwater recharge. The interrelationship is such that cross-sector action is required to agree more sustainable land and water management policies, and this paper presents an integrated vision of the challenges in this regard. It is recognised that 'institutional arrangements' are critical to the local implementation of management policies, although the focus here is limited to the conceptual understanding needed for formulation of an integrated policy and some practical interventions required to promote more sustainable groundwater irrigation.
