Measurement of Cu(II) copper defect dipoles in ferroelectric PbTiO3 using electron-nuclear double resonance.

Point defects associated with Cu(II) in ferroelectric PbTiO3 were determined using pulsed electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR). Three centers were observed, and neighbor 207Pb superhyperfine tensors to the third shell of equivalent Pb ions measured. The ENDOR angular dependence showed that Cu(II) is incorporated as an acceptor at the Ti site. One center also showed ENDOR from an axial fluorine ion. The three defects were determined to be the Cu(II)-oxygen-vacancy defect dipole, Cu(II) with a complete oxygen octahedron, and a Cu(II)-F- defect dipole center.