[Structure of nocturnal sleep in patients with various locations of stroke]. / Struktura nochnogo sna pri insul'takh raznoi lokalizatsii.

The aim of this work was to study the structure of nocturnal sleep in stroke patients with various lesion. 160 patients and 30 healthy controls were studied. In all cases the diagnosis was confirmed by CT or MRI. Clinical and neurological studies were performed and polygraph traces of nocturnal sleep (electroencephalograms, electrooculograms, electromograms) were recorded. Sleep parameters were analyzed using a program developed at the Sleep Studies Center, I.M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy; along with standard parameters, this program involves analysis of segmental structure of sleep. The most prominent sleep disturbances were seen in stroke in the right hemisphere. Frontal lesions cause reduction and derangement of delta-sleep, parieto-temporal stroke affects the second stage and REM-sleep and brainstem stroke in pons affects REM-sleep.

Structure of nocturnal sleep in patients with cerebral insult.

The aim of the present work was to study the structure of nocturnal sleep in patients who had sustained brain insults, and to relates sleep structure to the stage of disease and the location of the focal lesion. Studies were performed on 18 patients with ischemic insult, 8 affected in the right hemisphere, 6 affected in the left hemisphere, and 4 with brainstem lesions; controls consisted of 5 healthy subjects. Diagnoses were in all cases confirmed by computer tomography. Clinical and neurological studies were performed, along with recording of polygraph traces of nocturnal sleep (electroencephalograms, electrooculograms, electromyograms). Sleep parameters were analyzed using a program developed at the Sleep Studies Center, I. M. Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy; along with standard parameters, this program included analysis of the segmental structure of sleep. Sleep quality-the level of normality or disturbance to its structure-was assessed using a sleep index (SI). Patients showed profound disorganization of nocturnal sleep structure, with disruption of the mechanisms organizing sleep as a whole and generating and maintaining the individual stages. The greatest sleep disturbances were seen in ischemic insult in the right hemisphere and in patients with lesions in medial deep structures.

[Disorders of sleep structure and autonomic regulation in sleep of patients with stroke]. / Narusheniia struktury sna i vegetativnoi reguliatsii vo sne u bol'nykh insul'tom.

Peculiarities of both the structure of night sleep and autonomic regulation in the sleep were studied in 30 patients with ischemic stroke of different location. Clinical, polysomnographic (including autonomic indices) and psychologic methods were used. Considerable alterations in the structure of night sleep were observed, namely: lengthening of the period of falling asleep, increase of the time of awakening inside the sleep, impossibility to support necessary duration of both stages and phases of sleep. The indices of cardiovascular system's activity such as heart rate (HR) and arterial pressure (AP) were altered most of all. The most dramatic disorders of both the structure of sleep and autonomic regulation in the sleep were found in right hemispheric and medial location of ischemic stroke. High values of HR and AP in the sleep (especially in phase of the fast sleep), high HR and AP variability as well as the decrease of these indices from the first cycle of the sleep to the third one were prognostically unfavourable factors.

[The characteristics of the structure of night sleep in patients who have had a stroke]. / Osobennosti struktury nochnogo sna u bol'nykh, perenesshikh mozgovoi insul't.

The aim of the study was investigation of the structure of the night sleep in relation to the disease stage and location of the destructive focus. 18 patients with ischemic stroke (in the right hemisphere-8 cases, in the left one-6 persons, with brain stem location-4 patients) were observed as well as 5 practically healthy individuals. The diagnosis was verified by computer tomography in all cases. Clinical neurological investigation and polygraphy of night sleep (electroencephalography, electrooculography, electromyography) were performed. Analysis of sleep parameters was carried out according to program elaborated by the Center of Sleep Research of Sechenov Moscow Medical Academy. This program includes the analysis of segmental sleep structure in addition to standard parameters. The sleep quality was estimated by Sleep Index (Slind) according to the degree of intactness or destruction of its structure. Rude disorganization of night sleep structure was revealed in the patients, including disturbances of mechanisms of the whole sleep organisation, as well as generation and maintenance of its separate stages. The most rude disorders of sleep in patients with ischemic stroke were connected with location of ischemic focus in right hemisphere and in medial, deep structures.

[The effect of Imovane on sleep structure and respiratory indices during sleep in insomnia patients]. / Vliianie imovana na strukturu sna i nekotorye pokateli dykhaniia vo sne u bol'nykh insomniei.

Night sleep was examined in 120 patients with different forms of insomnia. The positive effect of Imovane was shown both on presomnic and intrasomnic disorders. Transitory side effects (dryness, bitter taste in the mouth) were in some cases that didn't need cessation of therapy. Polysomnographic studies confirmed effectivity of Imovane: there were observed either lengthening of the duration of sleep, its 2 stage, delta-sleep, or decrease of the duration of falling asleep. There were no respiratory changes after course of Imovane, meanwhile some indices positive dynamics was revealed in this case.