Difficulties Fulfilling Self-Care Needs Among Family Caregivers: An Observational Study.

IMPORTANCE: Assuming the care of a family member with a disability or chronic illness constitutes a health risk factor for caregivers, who frequently overlook their own self-care. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the self-care activities (SCAs) among caregivers of a family member with a disability or chronic illness and assess the impact on their satisfaction and quality of life (QoL). DESIGN: Descriptive, cross-sectional, analytic study. SETTING: Community. PARTICIPANTS: Five hundred caregivers of family members with a disability or chronic illness in the city of Zaragoza, Spain. OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The family caregivers' occupational performance and satisfaction were assessed with the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure, and their QoL was assessed with the World Health Organization-Quality of Life. RESULTS: In total, 32.8% of family caregivers had difficulty in all activities related to self-care, 46.6% had difficulty sleeping and resting, 31.6% had difficulty receiving health-related treatments, and 31.2% had difficulty with physical exercise. Women and younger family caregivers showed greater impairment in self-care. Occupational performance, satisfaction, and QoL worsened as the number of affected activities increased. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Caring for a family member with a disability or chronic illness has a negative impact on the SCAs of caregivers, especially among female caregivers and those of younger age. Caregiving is also associated with lower occupational performance, satisfaction, and QoL. Plain-Language Summary: Caring for a family member with a disability or chronic illness can become a health risk for caregivers, who frequently ignore their own self-care. The study results found that women and younger family caregivers showed a greater decline in self-care. This study provides information to help occupational therapists to work with family caregivers to prevent a decline in their self-care and improve their quality of life.

Epigenetic modifications in the ferroptosis pathway in cord blood cells from newborns of smoking mothers and their influence on fetal growth.

Maternal smoking during pregnancy increases oxidative stress and decreases antioxidant capacity in newborns. Uncontrolled oxidative stress plays a role in fetal development disorders and in adverse perinatal outcomes. In order to identify molecular pathways involved in low fetal growth, epigenetic modifications in newborns of smoking and non-smoking mothers were examined. Low birth weight newborns of mothers who smoked more than 10 cigarettes per day during the first trimester of pregnancy and normal birth weight newborns of mothers who did not smoke during pregnancy were included in the study. DNA was extracted from umbilical cord blood of term newborns. 125 differentially methylated regions were identified by MeDIP-Seq. Functional analysis revealed several pathways, such as ferroptosis, that were enriched in differentially methylated genes after prenatal smoke exposure. GPX4 and PCBP1 were found to be hypermethylated and associated with low fetal growth. These epigenetic modifications in ferroptosis pathway genes in newborns of smoking mothers can potentially contribute to intrauterine growth restriction through the induction of cell death via lipid peroxidation of cell membranes. The identification of epigenetic modifications in the ferroptosis pathway sheds light on the potential mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of low birth weight in infants born to smoking mothers.

Design and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Patient Experience in Relation to Hospital Nursing Care.

The objective has been to develop and validate a questionnaire to know patient experience in relation to nursing care during their hospital stay in the Spanish healthcare setting. To know patient experience will improve the quality of care of the healthcare system; therefore, we must count on validated tools so it can be evaluated in an accurate way. METHOD: a questionnaire containing 29 items alongside socio-demographic questions was developed. It was distributed to 158 patients admitted to a tertiary hospital. The psychometric properties were assessed through principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis to evaluate construct validity, employing Cronbach's alpha to test reliability. RESULTS: The final tool contains 17 items grouped into 5 dimensions: interrelations, nursing care, information during hospital stay, information about patient's rights, and discharge information. Two additional questions related to pain were added. The questionnaire showed adequate validity and reliability. CONCLUSIONS: we describe a new tool validated and adapted to the Spanish healthcare setting with adequate validity and reliability to assess patient experience with nursing professionals during hospital stay. This tool will serve to identify areas for improvement in hospital nursing care and as an instrument in the management and supervision of nursing teams.

Experiencias antes y después de la mamoplastia de reducción en pacientes con macromastia / Experiences before and after reduction mammoplasty in patients with macromastia

Introducción: la hipertrofia mamaria o macromastia es un desarrollo excesivo y desproporcionado de tejido mamario, que suele ir asociada con síntomas físicos y psíquicos que alteran la calidad de vida y pueden ser en ocasiones tremendamente incapacitantes. Prácticamente la única opción terapéutica para estas pacientes es la mamoplastia de reducción, procedimiento quirúrgico que ha demostrado ser muy eficaz para reducir los síntomas. Objetivo: describir y analizar los resultados de la intervención desde el punto de vista de las propias pacientes con macromastia antes y después de la reducción mamaria, a través de los comentarios expresados por ellas mismas. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo. Análisis de las características de las pacientes, valoración del cambio en la salud experimentado tras la intervención y las experiencias subjetivas de las mujeres relativas a su macromastia antes y después de la intervención. Resultados: Un total de 121 mujeres intervenidas de macromastia con una edad media de 40,71 años participaron en el estudio. Las pacientes experimentaron un cambio positivo en su estado de salud tras la intervención (p < 0,001). La mayoría de los problemas verbalizados hacían referencia a la dificultad en el vestir y en realizar actividad física, así como la gran mejoría experimentada tras la intervención Conclusión: las experiencias compartidas por las mujeres con macromastia tras la reducción mamaria evidencian una significativa mejoría tanto en su percepción de la salud como en su vida cotidiana, incluyendo el encontrar una ropa adecuada a su gusto y necesidades de actividad física. (AU)

Introduction: Mammary hypertrophy or macromastia is an excessive and disproportionate development of breast tissue, which is usually associated with physical and mental symptoms that alter the quality of life and can sometimes be tremendously disabling. Practically the only therapeutic option for these patients is a reduction mammoplasty, a surgical procedure that has proven to be very effective in reducing symptoms. Objective: To describe and analyze the outcomes of the intervention from the point of view of the patients themselves through the comments expressed by patients with macromastia before and after breast reduction. Material and methods: Prospective study. Analysis of the characteristics of the patients, assessment of the health change experienced after the intervention, and the subjective experiences of the women regarding their macromastia before and after the intervention. Results: A total of 121 women operated on for macromastia with a mean age of 40.71 years participated in the study. The patients experienced a positive change in their health status after the intervention (p < 0.001). Most of the verbalized problems referred to the difficulty in dressing and carrying out physical activity, as well as the great improvement experienced after the intervention. Conclusion: The experiences shared by women with macromastia after breast reduction surgery demonstrate a significant improvement not only in their perception of health but also in their daily life, including finding clothing that is suitable for their preferences and physical activity needs. (AU)

Nurse Manager Span of Control in Hospital Settings: An Integrative Review.

BACKGROUND: Nurse managers face great challenges in responding to organizational demands. There exists a general mismatch between managerial span of control and the demands of the job post, which can lead to overburdening and attrition. The aim of this review was to identify the effects of the nurse manager span of control on hospital organizations. METHODS: An integrative literature review was carried out on nurse manager span of control using the Medline, Embase and Web of Science databases. RESULTS: 21 articles were included. Our findings indicate that the span of control of nursing managers influences outcomes in inpatients, professionals, nurse managers, and the organization. CONCLUSIONS: The span of control of each nurse manager must be assessed and adjusted to each case. An appropriate span of control will lead to improved outcomes for stakeholders and the organization as a whole. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT: Tools must be developed and implemented to measure and evaluate the span of control of nurse managers. This study was not registered.

Stress impact of COVID-19 in nurse managers.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has directly affected specially nurses, not only those on the front lines but also nurse managers. Aims: To assess and compare stress levels of nurse managers before and during the pandemic, and to identify predictive factors. Method: Cross-sectional studies were carried out in two moments, before and during pandemic. 102 manager nurses were recruited before the sanitary crisis (2018) and 87 during the health crisis (2020). Perceived stress was measured with the Perceived Stress Scale-14 and quality of professional life, job demands, motivation and managerial support were assessed with the Professional Quality of Life Questionnaire. Socio-demographic and job-related variables were also analysed. Statistical analysis was performed using student's t-test, correlations and multiple regression analysis. Results: The majority of nurse managers were women, married, who worked the morning shift. 78.2% managed nursing personnel who worked with COVID patients. They suffered a significant increase in both job demands and perceived stress level in the pandemic. Job demands, working in shifts morning, being young and being unmotivated were predictors of perceived stress level according to multiple linear regression analysis. Conclusion: Perceived stress was greatest during the COVID-19 pandemic. Both, before and during the pandemic, job demands are central predictors of nurse managers' general perceived stress. It is necessary to adapt the workplace to personal characteristics of the nurse manager and increase actions to enhance their motivation and reduce their job demands to prevent stress.

Identification of miRNAs Involved in Foetal Growth Restriction Due to Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy.

INTRODUCTION: Smoking during pregnancy is associated with reduced foetal growth, amongst other effects. Epigenetic modification in the foetus and placenta during embryonic development as a result of changes in the function of miRNAs is one of the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible for this. This dysregulation may be due to environmental changes or toxins such as tobacco. OBJECTIVE: To study the impact of smoking during pregnancy and its role in intrauterine growth restriction via hypermethylated miRNAs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The differences in methylation patterns for miRNAs in umbilical cord blood from low-birth-weight newborns of smoking mothers were compared with those from normal-weight newborns using MedIP-seq (StarArray). RESULTS: Seven hypermethylated miRNAs were identified in the epigenetic study of cord blood from low-birth-weight newborns of smoking mothers in our sample. The miRNAs found to be hypermethylated were: MIR7-1, MIR3918, MIR1244-1, MIR4721, MIR25, MIR93, MIR3656. CONCLUSION: Intrauterine exposure to tobacco induces hypermethylation-mediated miRNA silencing in low-birth-weight newborns by modifying the expression of factors involved in vascular development, growth, and adaptation to hypoxia.

Desarrollo competencial del enfermero novel en urgencias con la implementación de un programa de tutorización / Skill development through a mentoring program for nurses new to the emergency department

No disponible

Sleep disturbances in nurse managers during the early and late stages of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: Working conditions during the COVID-19 pandemic have affected health professionals' quality of sleep. To date, most of the studies that assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sleep have been carried out with front-line health personnel, and almost none of them have been carried out with managers. Objective: To evaluate the quality of sleep and the level of stress in nurse managers during the early and late stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: Cross-sectional studies were carried out at two time points: after the lockdown period (July 2020) and a year and a half after the start of the pandemic (October 2021). A total of 102 nurse managers of a tertiary hospital were invited to participate. The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-14) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were administered to assess stress levels and sleep quality. Results: The response rate was 85.2% in 2020 and 81.3% in 2021. Nursing managers showed alterations in sleep quality throughout the pandemic: 70.1% after confinement and 61.4% at the beginning of the second wave. In addition to stress, the fear of contagion by COVID-19 influenced sleep problems. More than a year after the start of the pandemic, the professionals' fear of contagion decreased. Perceived stress also decreased, but sleep disturbances remained. Conclusion: High stress and poor sleep quality among nurse managers require special attention, and specific interventions need to be implemented. Hospitals should develop programs that help nurse managers develop skills to mitigate stress levels and thus improve sleep quality and professional quality of life.

Family Functioning Assessment Instruments in Adults with a Non-Psychiatric Chronic Disease: A Systematic Review.

There is little information on the evaluation of family functioning in adult patients with chronic non-psychiatric illness. The objective of this systematic review was to identify family functioning assessment instruments of known validity and reliability that have been used in health research on patients with a chronic non-psychiatric illness. We conducted a search in three biomedical databases (PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science), for original articles available in English or Spanish published between 2000 and 2019. The review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Fourteen articles were included in the review. The instruments Family Assessment Device, Family Adaptability and Cohesion Evaluation Scales, Family Functioning Health and Social Support, Family APGAR, Assessment of Strategies in Families-Effectiveness, Iceland Expressive Family Functioning, Brief Family Assessment Measure-III, and Family Relationship Index were identified. All of them are reliable instruments to evaluate family functioning in chronic patients and could be very valuable to help nurses identify families in need of a psychosocial intervention. The availability and clinical application of these instruments will allow nurses to generate knowledge on family health and care for non-psychiatric chronic conditions, and will eventually contribute to the health and wellbeing of adults with a non-psychiatric chronic disease and their families.

Correlación entre funcionamiento familiar y estilos de vida saludable en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal / Correlation between family functioning and healthy lifestyles in patients with colorectal cancer / Correlação entre funcionamento familiar e estilos de vida saudável em pacientes com câncer colorrectal

Resumen Objetivo: analizar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y los estilos de vida saludable en los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal. Materiales y métodos: se trató de un estudio descriptivo transversal correlacional realizado entre febrero y noviembre de 2016 en Bogotá (Colombia). Se encuestaron 78 pacientes a quienes se les evaluó el funcionamiento familiar y los estilos de vida promotores de salud con los cuestionarios ASF-E y HPLP II respectivamente. Se estudió el grado de relación lineal entre las dos variables mediante el coeficiente de correlación de Pearson. Resultados: existe una correlación positiva entre el funcionamiento familiar y estilos de vida promotores de salud (r: 0,224, p<0,05). La dimensión actividad física de los estilos de vida saludable fue la que se asoció con un mejor funcionamiento familiar global (r: 0,303, p<0,01) y con un mayor número de dimensiones (coherencia, individuación y mantenimiento) y metas (estabilidad, control y espiritualidad). Conclusiones: un mejor funcionamiento familiar de los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal se asocia positivamente con estilos de vida saludable. Conclusiones: un mejor funcionamiento familiar de los pacientes con cáncer colorrectal se asocia positivamente con estilos de vida saludable.

Abstract Objective: To analyze the relationship between family functioning and healthy lifestyles in patients with colorectal cancer. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional correlational study was conducted between February and November 2016 in Bogotá (Colombia). A total of 78 patients were evaluated for family functioning and for healthpromoting lifestyles using the ASF-E and HPLP II questionnaires, respectively. The degree of linear relationship between the two quantitative variables was quantified using the Pearson correlation coefficient. Results: There is a positive correlation between family functioning and health promoting lifestyles (r: 0.224, p<0.05). The physical activity dimension of healthy lifestyles was associated with a better global family functioning (r: 0.303, p<0.01) and with a greater number of dimensions (coherence, individuation, and maintenance) and goals (stability, control and spirituality). Conclusions: Better family functioning of patients with colorectal cancer is positively associated with healthy lifestyles.

Resumo Objetivo: analisar a relação entre o funcionamento familiar e os estilos de vida saudável nos pacientes com câncer colorrectal. Materiais e métodos: tratou-se de um estudo descritivo transversal correlacional feito entre fevereiro e novembro de 2016 em Bogotá (Colômbia). Entrevistaram-se 78 pacientes a quem foram avaliados com o funcionamento familiar e os estilos de vida promotores de saúde com os questionários ASF-E e HPLP II respectivamente. Estudou-se o grau de relação lineal entre as duas variáveis mediante o coeficiente de correlação de Pearson. Resultados: existe uma correlação positiva entre o funcionamento familiar e estilos de vida promotores de saúde (r: 0,224, p<0,05). A dimensão atividade física dos estilos de vida saudável foi a que se associou com um melhor funcionamento familiar global (r: 0,303, p<0,01) e com um maior número de dimensões (coerência, individualização e manutenção) e metas (estabilidade, controle e espiritualidade). Conclusões: um melhor funcionamento familiar dos pacientes com câncer colorrectal se associa positivamente com estilos de vida saudável.

[Living in nursing homes. Prognostic factor of mortality in respiratory infections?] / Vivir en residencias de ancianos ¿Factor pronóstico de mortalidad en infecciones respiratorias?

Respiratory infection is one of the most frequent diagnoses associated with high mortality. Living in a nursing home could be a predictive risk factor for mortality. The objective was to study the characteristics of patients with respiratory infection according to whether they came from their home or nursing homes, and to analyze whether their origin is a risk factor for mortality. It was a prospective cohort study, that included 208 patients with respiratory infection admitted to the Internal Medicine Service, that participated in the study. Clinical, analytical, epidemiological, prognostic and therapeutic variables were collected and a multivariate analysis was performed. Patients had an average age of 83 years and 64.9% came from their home. 44.7% had heart failure as a clinical history. Most of patients met criteria of pluripatology, polypharmacy and were moderately dependent according to Barthel's index. Mortality at admission was 16 patients (7.7%), and during the six-month follow-up of 37 patients (17.8%). Those coming from nursing homes had a higher mortality rate, 37%, than those who lived in their own home, 19.3% (p = 0.005). In the multivariate analysis, the prognostic factors for mortality were a higher level of urea at admission (OR = 2.33, IC 95% = 1.06-5.11) and the non-prescription of oxygen at discharge (OR = 2.96, IC 95% = 1.29-6.82). In conclusion, a higher percentage of mortality is observed in patients coming from nursing homes, however further research is needed to clarify whether living in a residence for elderly can be considered an independent risk factor for mortality.

La infección respiratoria es uno de los diagnósticos más frecuentes en el ámbito sanitario asociado a una elevada mortalidad. Residir en una residencia de ancianos podría ser un factor de riesgo predictivo de mortalidad. El objetivo fue estudiar las características de los pacientes con infección respiratoria según procedieran de su domicilio o de residencias de ancianos, y analizar si la procedencia es un factor de riesgo de mortalidad. Se trata de un estudio de cohortes prospectivo. Participaron 208 pacientes con infección respiratoria ingresados en un Servicio de Medicina Interna. Se recogieron variables clínicas, analíticas, epidemiológicas, pronosticas y terapéuticas realizándose un análisis multivariado. Los pacientes tuvieron una edad media 83 años y 135 (64.9%) procedían de su domicilio. El 44.7% presentaban insuficiencia cardiaca como antecedente clínico. La mayoría cumplían criterios de pluripatología, polifarmacia y tenían una dependencia moderada según índice de Barthel. La mortalidad durante el internamiento hospitalario fue de 16 pacientes (7.7%), y durante el seguimiento a seis meses de 37 (17.8%). Los procedentes de residencias de ancianos presentaron una mayor mortalidad, un 37%, que los que vivían en su propio domicilio, un 19,3% (p = 0.005). En el análisis multivariado los factores pronósticos de mortalidad fueron un mayor nivel de urea al ingreso (OR = 2.33, IC 95% = 1.06-5.11) y la no prescripción de oxígeno al alta (OR = 2.96, IC 95% = 1.29-6.82). En conclusión, se observó un mayor porcentaje de mortalidad en los pacientes procedentes de residencias de ancianos, sin embargo, es necesario realizar más investigaciones para clarificar si el residir en un centro geriátrico puede ser considerado un factor de riesgo independiente de mortalidad.

Vivir en residencias de ancianos ¿Factor pronóstico de mortalidad en infecciones respiratorias? / Living in nursing homes. Prognostic factor of mortality in respiratory infections?

Resumen La infección respiratoria es uno de los diagnósticos más frecuentes en el ámbito sanitario asociado a una elevada mortalidad. Residir en una residencia de ancianos podría ser un factor de riesgo predictivo de mortalidad. El objetivo fue estudiar las características de los pacientes con infección respiratoria según procedieran de su domicilio o de residencias de ancianos, y analizar si la procedencia es un factor de riesgo de mortalidad. Se trata de un estudio de cohortes prospectivo. Participaron 208 pacientes con infección respiratoria ingresados en un Servicio de Medicina Interna. Se recogieron variables clínicas, analíticas, epidemio lógicas, pronosticas y terapéuticas realizándose un análisis multivariado. Los pacientes tuvieron una edad media 83 años y 135 (64.9%) procedían de su domicilio. El 44.7% presentaban insuficiencia cardiaca como antecedente clínico. La mayoría cumplían criterios de pluripatología, polifarmacia y tenían una dependencia moderada según índice de Barthel. La mortalidad durante el internamiento hospitalario fue de 16 pacientes (7.7%), y durante el seguimiento a seis meses de 37 (17.8%). Los procedentes de residencias de ancianos presentaron una mayor mortalidad, un 37%, que los que vivían en su propio domicilio, un 19,3% (p = 0.005). En el análisis multivariado los factores pronósticos de mortalidad fueron un mayor nivel de urea al ingreso (OR = 2.33, IC 95% = 1.06-5.11) y la no prescripción de oxígeno al alta (OR = 2.96, IC 95% = 1.29-6.82). En conclusión, se observó un mayor porcentaje de mortalidad en los pacientes procedentes de residencias de ancianos, sin embargo, es necesario realizar más investigaciones para clarificar si el residir en un centro geriátrico puede ser considerado un factor de riesgo independiente de mortalidad.

Abstract Respiratory infection is one of the most frequent diagnoses associated with high mortality. Living in a nursing home could be a predictive risk factor for mortality. The objective was to study the characteristics of patients with respi ratory infection according to whether they came from their home or nursing homes, and to analyze whether their origin is a risk factor for mortality. It was a prospective cohort study, that included 208 patients with respiratory infection admitted to the Internal Medicine Service, that participated in the study. Clinical, analytical, epidemiologi cal, prognostic and therapeutic variables were collected and a multivariate analysis was performed. Patients had an average age of 83 years and 64.9% came from their home. 44.7% had heart failure as a clinical history. Most of patients met criteria of pluripatology, polypharmacy and were moderately dependent according to Barthel's index. Mortality at admission was 16 patients (7.7%), and during the six-month follow-up of 37 patients (17.8%). Those coming from nursing homes had a higher mortality rate, 37%, than those who lived in their own home, 19.3% (p = 0.005). In the multivariate analysis, the prognostic factors for mortality were a higher level of urea at admission (OR = 2.33, IC 95% = 1.06-5.11) and the non-prescription of oxygen at discharge (OR = 2.96, IC 95% = 1.29-6.82). In conclusion, a higher percentage of mortality is observed in patients coming from nursing homes, however further research is needed to clarify whether living in a residence for elderly can be considered an independent risk factor for mortality.

Impact of Reducing Sitting Time in Women with Fibromyalgia and Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Sitting time has negative effects on health, increasing the risk of obesity, osteoporosis, diabetes, and cancer. Thus, primary health care education interventions aimed to reduce sitting time and sedentary behavior could have beneficial effects on people's health and wellbeing. The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of an intervention based on reducing sitting time to decrease cardiometabolic risk on a sample of women diagnosed with fibromyalgia and moderate obesity. METHODS: Randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention to decrease cardiometabolic risk in 84 participants. Sedentary behavior was monitored using an accelerometer before and at 3-month follow-up. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, body mass index decreased, and the number of steps taken increased, in the intervention group 3 months after the intervention. No significant differences were found in the rest of the variables measured. CONCLUSION: The intervention group decreased sitting time after the intervention. Group activities and support from primary care may be useful to improve treatment adherence. RCT registration: NCT01729936.

The Correlation between Leader-Member Exchange and Organisational Commitment among Spanish Registered Nurses: The Moderating Role of Sex and Hospital Size.

The role of the supervisor in hospitals is to oversee and encourage the active work participation of registered nurses. In this context, leadership should be focused on the creation of a positive environment for the generation of high-quality care and the development of attitudes that have a beneficial influence on the work of the registered nurse. The aims of this study have been: (i) To verify if the quality of the supervisor-nurse interpersonal relationship was correlated with organisational commitment; (ii) to establish if the correlation could be moderated by empowerment, perceived organisational support, and leader-leader exchange. A cross-sectional survey with self-report questionnaires was performed. A total of 2541 registered nurses from nine public hospitals participated in the study. They completed scales measuring leader-member exchange, commitment, empowerment, perceived organisational support, and leader-leader exchange. There was a positive correlation between the quality of the leader-member exchange and commitment. Leader-leader exchange has a moderating effect on this relationship. The moderating effects of empowerment, perceived organisational support, and leader-member exchange on the supervisor-nurse interpersonal relationship and the nurse's organisational commitment are influenced by sex and/or hospital size. Organisations should design supervisor training strategies aimed at establishing high-quality supervisor-nurse interpersonal relationships.

Funcionamiento familiar y estilos de vida saludable en pacientes con cáncer colorrectal, según características sociodemográficas / Functioning and healthy lifestyles in patients with colorectal canceraccording to sociodemographic characteristics

INTRODUCCIÓN: Las familias funcionales se caracterizan por la efectividad al manejar situaciones estresantes como grupo. Los estilos de vida saludable son las maneras de vivir, en sintonía con la protección de la salud integral. OBJETIVO: Analizar la relación entre el funcionamiento familiar y los estilos de vida saludable, con las variables sociodemográficas en familias de pacientes con cáncer colorrectal. MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo transversal. Se determinaron las características sociodemográficas mediante encuestas autoadministradas a 78 pacientes en tratamiento o post-tratamiento, que cumplieron los criterios de inclusión. Los instrumentos fueron la Escala de Funcionamiento Familiar (ASF-E)y de Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) en español. El análisis estadístico fue univariado y bivariado. Corresponde a un estudio con riesgo mínimo. RESULTADOS: La mayor parte de los participantes percibieron funcionamiento familiar medio/alto y se asoció con un alto nivel de estudios, recibir apoyo familiar permanente y pertenecer a una familia nuclear. Las conductas promotoras de salud más practicadas fueron crecimiento espiritual, responsabilidad en salud y relaciones interpersonales, la menos practicada fue la actividad física. Se asociaron positivamente con ser mujer, tener más de 62 años, ocuparse de las labores del hogar y recibir todo tipo de apoyo. CONCLUSIONES: Es vital valorar el funcionamiento familiar y los estilos de vida saludable durante la atención integral al paciente con cáncer colorrectal e involucrar a las familias en el cuidado, a partir del apoyo en todas sus formas, la práctica de actividad física, el cambio de hábitos de vida y relaciones familiares.

INTRODUCTION: Functional families are characterized by effectiveness in handling stressful situations as a group. Healthy lifestyles are ways of living, in tune with the protection of integral health. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the relationship between family functioning and healthy lifestyles, with sociodemographic variables in families of patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study. Sociodemographic characteristics were determined through self-administered surveys of 78 patients in treatment or post-treatment, who met the inclusion criteria. The instruments were the Family Functioning Scale (ASF-E) and the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP II) in Spanish. Statistical analysis was univariate and bivariate. It corresponds to a minimal risk study. RESULTS: Most of the participants perceived medium / high family functioning and associated with a high level of education, receiving permanent family support and belonging to a nuclear family. The most practiced health promoting behaviors were spiritual growth, responsibility in health and interpersonal relationships, the least practiced was physical activity. They were positively associated with being a woman, being over 62 years old, taking care of household chores and receiving all kinds of support. CONCLUSIONS: It is vital to assess family functioning and healthy lifestyles during comprehensive care for patients with colorectal cancer and to involve families in care, based on support in all its forms, the practice of physical activity, the change of life habitsand family relationships.

Mortalidad hospitalaria de las infecciones respiratorias comunitarias y asociadas a cuidados socio-sanitarios: una revisión sistemática / Hospital mortality of community respiratory infections and associated with long-term care facilities: a systematic review

Resumen Introducción: Las infecciones respiratorias son causa de preocupación socio-sanitaria por su elevada mortalidad y el coste económico que conllevan. El número de pacientes procedentes de centros socio-sanitarios con infecciones respiratorias que requieren ingreso hospitalario está aumentando en las últimas décadas. Las particularidades de estos pacientes pueden influir en la evolución de estas infecciones. Objetivo: Analizar si existen diferencias entre las infecciones respiratorias de origen comunitario y las asociadas a cuidados sanitarios respecto a la mortalidad. Material y Métodos: Se realizó una revisión sistemática en tres bases de datos: Medline, Web of Science y Scopus. Se incluyeron estudios empíricos, publicados entre 2000 y 2016. Resultados: La procedencia de los enfermos, la edad y la malnutrición fueron los factores que se asociaron con peor pronóstico, junto con la presencia de co-morbilidad cardiaca o neurológica. La mortalidad fue más elevada en los pacientes procedentes de centros socio-sanitarios respecto a aquellos que procedían de su domicilio. Conclusión: Los profesionales de la salud deberían tener en cuenta la procedencia de los enfermos para dar un cuidado personalizado acorde a las particularidades de estos enfermos.

Background: Respiratory infections are a cause of socio-health concern due to their high mortality and the economic cost. The number of patients from social care centers with respiratory infections requiring hospital admission is increasing in recent decades. The particularities of these patients could influence the evolution of these infections. Aim: To analyze if there are differences respect to mortality between respiratory infections of community origin and those associated with social care centers. Methods: A systematic review was carried out in three databases: Medline, Web of Science and Scopus. Empirical studies, published between 2000 and 2016, were included. Results: The origin of the patients, age and malnutrition were the factors associated with worse prognosis, together with the presence of cardiac or neurological comorbidity. Mortality was higher in patients from social care centers compared to those who came from their home. Conclusion: Health professionals should take into account the origin of the patients in order to give a more personalized care according to the particularities of these patients.

[Hospital mortality of community respiratory infections and associated with long-term care facilities: a systematic review]. / Mortalidad hospitalaria de las infecciones respiratorias comunitarias y asociadas a cuidados socio-sanitarios: una revisión sistemática.

BACKGROUND: Respiratory infections are a cause of socio-health concern due to their high mortality and the economic cost. The number of patients from social care centers with respiratory infections requiring hospital admission is increasing in recent decades. The particularities of these patients could influence the evolution of these infections. AIM: To analyze if there are differences respect to mortality between respiratory infections of community origin and those associated with social care centers. METHODS: A systematic review was carried out in three databases: Medline, Web of Science and Scopus. Empirical studies, published between 2000 and 2016, were included. RESULTS: The origin of the patients, age and malnutrition were the factors associated with worse prognosis, together with the presence of cardiac or neurological comorbidity. Mortality was higher in patients from social care centers compared to those who came from their home. CONCLUSION: Health professionals should take into account the origin of the patients in order to give a more personalized care according to the particularities of these patients.

Correction: Patterns of sedentary behavior in overweight and moderately obese users of the Catalan primary-health care system.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0190750.].