Thermo-Mechanical Characterization of Metal-Polymer Friction Stir Composite Joints-A Full Factorial Design of Experiments.

With the increasing demand for lighter, more environmentally friendly, and affordable solutions in the mobility sector, designers and engineers are actively promoting the use of innovative integral dissimilar structures. In this field, friction stir-based technologies offer unique advantages compared with conventional joining technologies, such as mechanical fastening and adhesive bonding, which recently demonstrated promising results. In this study, an aluminum alloy and a glass fiber-reinforced polymer were friction stir joined in an overlap configuration. To assess the main effects, interactions, and influence of processing parameters on the mechanical strength and processing temperature of the fabricated joints, a full factorial design study with three factors and two levels was carried out. The design of experiments resulted in statistical models with excellent fit to the experimental data, enabling a thorough understanding of the influence of rotational speed, travel speed, and tool tilt angle on dissimilar metal-to-polymer friction stir composite joints. The mechanical strength of the composite joints ranged from 1708.1 ± 45.5 N to 3414.2 ± 317.1, while the processing temperature was between 203.6 ± 10.7 °C and 251.5 ± 9.7.

Location of Trigger Points in a Group of Police Working Dogs: A Preliminary Study.

This study examined the percentage and location of trigger points in police working dogs. Twelve dogs housed at a military police kennel were selected through convenience sampling. Only active dogs with no comorbidities or radiographic changes doing 6 hours of intense physical activity per day were included. After orthopedic and neurological examination, dogs were palpated for the detection of trigger points (TPs), carried out by two independent examiners, with criteria of palpations previously standardized. TPs were recorded using an anatomy reference image according to the corresponding anatomical location. The percentage of TPs was highest in the lumbar portion of the longissimus dorsi muscle (42%), followed by the latissimus dorsi, pectineus, quadriceps femoris, and sartorius (33%) muscles. Most TPs were located on the right side of the body. This study's percentage of TPs in police working dogs was higher in spinal and hind limb muscles, especially on the right side. The major criteria for identifying TPs in dogs were the pain responses to palpation and contractile local response. The findings of this study could be used to refine myofascial pain prevention to reduce early retirement due to musculoskeletal pain and draw attention to this kind of problem that can also affect dogs.

Prevalencia del virus de dengue y factores de riesgo en pacientes que asistieron a las unidades de salud del cantón esmeraldas en el 2019 / Prevalence of the dengue virus and risk factors in patients who attended the health units of the Esmeraldas canton in 2019

El dengue es una enfermedad infecciosa ocasionada por alguno de los cuatro serotipos del virus análogo, que se transmite a los humanos a través de la picadura de mosquitos infectados del género Aedes Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia del virus de dengue y los factores de riesgo en los pacientes que asistieron a las unidades de salud del cantón Esmeraldas en el 2019. Materiales y Métodos: La investigación se enmarca dentro del diseño de investigación no experimental, de tipo retrospectivo, descriptivo, basado en la información de pacientes con diagnóstico de dengue positivo atendidos en las unidades de Salud del cantón Esmeraldas en el 2019.Resultados: En este estudio se encontró a 247 pacientes registrados con diagnóstico presuntivo de dengue, los cuales tomamos como población, se excluyeron a 4 muestras de pacientes, no procesadas, y a 121 muestras de pacientes con resultado negativo, quedándonos 121 muestras de pacientes con diagnóstico de dengue confirmadas, tomando a esta cantidad de pacientes como muestra para nuestro estudio, lo que representa el 49% como prevalencia de virus del dengue en pacientes que asistieron a las unidades de salud del cantón Esmeraldas durante el 2019.Conclusión: La prevalencia de dengue en pacientes que asistieron a las unidades de salud del cantón Esmeraldas es del 49%, la edad que más predomino fue la comprendida entre los 5 y 9 años, un número significativo de pacientes, provienen de la parroquia Simón Plata Torres, sectores con falta de infraestructura de servicios básicos, jardines y patios con malezas y vegetación, arbustos y árboles que rodean a las viviendas, aumentando las posibilidades de cría de mosquitos vectores de esta afección(AU)

Dengue is an infectious disease caused by one of the four serotypes of the analogous virus, which is transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes of the genus Aedes Objective: To identify the prevalence of dengue virus and risk factors in the patients who attended the health units of the Esmeraldas canton in 2019. Materials and Methods: The research is part of the non-experimental, retrospective, descriptive research design, based on the information of patients with a positive dengue diagnosis. treated in the health units of the Esmeraldas canton in 2019. Results: In this study, 247 registered patients with a presumptive diagnosis of dengue were found, which we took as a population, 4 samples of patients, not processed, and 121 samples were excluded. of patients with a negative result, leaving us with 121 samples of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of dengue, taking to this number of patients as a sample for our study, which represents 49% as the prevalence of dengue virus in patients who attended the health units of the Esmeraldas canton during 2019. Conclusion: The prevalence of dengue in patients who attended the health units of the Esmeraldas canton is 49%, the most predominant age was between 5 and 9 years, a significant number of patients come from the Simón Plata Torres parish, sectors with a lack of basic services infrastructure, gardens and patios with weeds and vegetation, bushes and trees that surround the houses, increasing the chances of breeding mosquito vectors of this condition(AU)

Three-dimensional printing educational anatomical model of the patellar luxation in dogs.

BACKGROUND: Few studies are available for assessing the current situation of 3D printing in veterinary medicine, due to the recent popularization of this technology. This study aimed to simulate a 3D model of the femorotibiopatellar joint of dogs based on the medial patellar luxation. The scanning, editing and printing of the femur, tibia, fibula and patella of a dog from the Laboratory of Anatomy of FMVZ USP were performed. RESULTS: Three femorotibiopatellar joint models were printed: one representing a healthy join without alterations; the second one with the medially deviated tibial tuberosity; and a last one representing the shifted tibial tuberosity and the trochlear sulcus flattened as consequence. The 3D edition consisted of medial rotation of the tibia and tibial tuberosity (22° against the healthy tibia), and the flatten of the medial femoral condyle (0.2 cm) and femoral trochlear groove. After printing, the corresponding measurements were taken with the alterations and the bone models were made with elastics to represent the anatomical components of the dog joint. Finally, the measurements corresponding to the distance from the patellar ligament to the lateral femoral condyle were taken in each specimen, in order to observe the change in position of the ligament according to the occurrence of the bone alterations. CONCLUSION: We printed 3D articular anatomical components of the femurotibiopatellar joint that could be valuable educational tools for the study of medial patellar luxation in dogs.