Effect of IFN-alpha on CC1 4-induced fibrosis of the liver and immune status in mice of different age.

In young, adult, and old mice fibrosis was induced by administration of CC1(4) and treated with IFN-alpha; liver fibrosis was evaluated by morphometry of argyrophilic fibers, immune status by the splenocyte proliferative response. minimum immunosuppression and maximum antifibrotic effect were observed in young mice, while adult mice exhibited pronounced immunotoxicity and weak response to interferon therapy.

Level of liver fibrosis and immune status of mice of different age after heroin treatment and long abstinence.

Young and middle-aged CBA mice were injected with "street" heroin in increasing doses for 14 days. Volume density of perisinusoid argirophilic fibers increased in both age groups (the increase being more pronounced in middle-aged mice), while the levels of spontaneous, LPS- and ConA-stimulated splenocyte proliferation decreased in young mice. Six months after heroin discontinuation further progress of liver fibrosis was observed in young mice.

[Interrelation between the activity of hepatitis, liver fibrosis and immune status in children with chronic hepatitis B and C]. / Vzaimosviaz' aktivnosti gepatita, fibroza pecheni i immunnogo statusa u detei s khronicheskim virusnym gepatitom B + C.

The lesion of the liver in viral hepatitis was found to depend on the state of the immune system. Relationship between the content of lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+) in the blood and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) with parameters of semi-quantitative evaluation of the activity of hepatitis and the stage of liver fibrosis in children with chronic virus hepatitis B, C, B + C was studied. The characteristic feature of all hepatitis was a decrease in the number of T lymphocytes CD4+ below the normal level and an increase in the content of B lymphocytes. The correlation between the morphological activity of hepatitis and the amount of T lymphocytes CD8+ was established only in chronic hepatitis B. In chronic hepatitis B and B + C the absolute amount of blood lymphocytes decreased with the increase of the age of the patients, but in chronic hepatitis B this was accompanied by the decrease of the morphological activity of hepatitis and in hepatitis B + C by its increase. The amount of lymphocytes CD4+ rose with the increase of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. In children with chronic hepatitis C and B + C the amount of blood lymphocytes was found to be unrelated to the morphological activity of hepatitis.

[Level of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha and the degree of liver fibrosis in children with chronic viral hepatitis B, C and B+C, treated with interferon-alpha]. / Uroven' faktora nekroza opukholi-alfa v syvorotke i stepen' fibroza pecheni u detei s khronicheskim virusnym gepatitom B, C i B+C pri lechenii interferonom-alfa.

Children with chronic virus hepatitis B and C, as well as combined chronic virus hepatitis B + C, were found to have a higher level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in their serum than healthy children. Complete clinical and virological response to treatment with interferon-alpha is accompanied by a decreased inflammation and fibrosis of the liver, as well as by a decreased level of TNF-alpha, in comparison with nonresponsive patients. Positive correlation between the level of TNF-alpha and the degree of liver fibrosis in sick children was noted.

[Facilitation of the structural and functional disorders of liver lysosomes in toxic hepatitis due to the suppression of intralysosomal proteolysis]. / Usilenie strukturno-funktsional'nykh narushenii lizosom pecheni pri toksicheskom gepatite, vyzvannoe podavleniem vnutrilizosomnogo proteoliza.

Suramin that accumulates in rat liver Kupffer cell lysosomes and inhibits the intralysosomal proteolysis was used to suppress the functional activity of these particles during liver damage (acute CCl4 hepatitis). Polyvinylpyrrolidone that does not disturb protein catabolism in liver lysosomes was employed for reference. According to the characteristic changes in lysosomes induced by suramin (inhibition of acid phosphatase, decrease of the rate of the intralysosomal proteolysis in the liver) and PVP the damaged liver was able to accumulate the lysosomotropic substances under study. Suramin aggravated liver damage and increased the lysosomal labilization, whereas PVP exhibited the protective action. The unfavourable effect of suramin may be linked with the suppression of catabolism of Kupffer cell lysosomes. The data obtained suggest the lack of safety of using the inhibitors of intralysosomal proteolysis in patients with acute hepatitis.

[Relation between changes in the breathing of patients with aneurysmal and stenotic lesions of the major cerebral vessels and the side of the lesion]. / Izmeneniia vneshnego dykhaniia u bol'nykh s anevrizmaticheskimi i stenoziruiushchimi porazheniiami magistral'nykh sosudov golovnogo mozga v zavisimosti ot storony porazheniia.

In patients with aneurysmal and stenosing injuries to the main vessels of the brain, there are significant differences in the duration of respiration arrests, respiration rate, systole frequency, basic metabolism, thermoregulation reflexes depending on the lateralization of vascular injury. Asymmetry manifested most distinctly in the pathology of the anterior cerebral artery. In women, functional asymmetry was pronounced to a greater extent than in men. Lateralization of the neurological symptomatology is also of importance for the line of ventilatory changes.

[Lysosomotropic properties of polyvinylpyrrolidone (an experimental study]. / Lizosomotropnye svoistva polivinilpirrolidona (éksperimental'noe issledovanie).

Three-fold administration of polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), molecular weight 24 000, in a dose of 3.3 ml of 0.6% solution per 100 g/bw to rats was accompanied by disorders of lysosomal integrity and increased vulnerability to damage of the particles in the hypotonic medium (as judged from acid ribonuclease and cathepside D release). Five days after a single administration 125I-PVP was retained primarily by liver cells (7.3% of the dose administered) and to a lesser degree by renal cells (0.43%) and spleen cells (0.93%). Ninety per cent of the labeled PVP was bound to granular fractions of the rat liver (pinosomes, heterolysosomes). In the course of particles destruction by 0.1% Triton X-100 90% of 125I-PVP was released into the supernatant, which confirms the lysosomal localization of the compound.

[Function of the right and left lung in patients with pathology of the major vessels of the brain]. / Funktsiia pravogo i levogo legkogo u bol'nykh s patologiei magistral'nykh sosudov golovnogo mozga.

The degree of the participation of the right and the left lung in the respiration act was determined by the spirographic method with the use of the lateral test in 160 patients with various pathologies of the major cerebral vessels. In patients with pathological convolution of the vessels, stenoses, saccate and arteriovenous aneurisms in the internal carotid artery basin, the vital capacity of the right lung was found to be diminished (the diminution being statistically valid) regardless of the side of the cerebrovascular pathology.