[Global demographic problem and active aging (literature review)].

The article presents an overview of foreign sources devoted to the problems of population aging as a significant phenomenon that has become the most important medical and socio-demographic challenge in the world. The review provides global data on this problem and shows the need for elaborating and implementing active aging strategies, optimizing opportunities for health, participation and safety in order to improve the life quality as people age. The paper employs the method of content analysis of scientific publications retrieved in PubMed database by keywords - «aging¼, «population aging¼, «demographic trend¼, «longevity¼, and «life expectancy¼. Scientific publications for the period 2018-2023, WHO and UN materials, statistical data, and popular scientific publications have been studied. The purpose of the review was to analyze trends and global nature of aging based on scientific publications and open sources, and to highlight the most promising areas of the demographic policy on the older adults. In the time of rapid demographic changes, it is extremely important to use all available opportunities that maximize healthy aging with the participation of the older adults. We should remember that aging is a natural process and it is better to accept it, both psychologically and physically, rather than ignore. Healthy aging should become and has become the main principle of life, suggesting a longer healthy life of the older adults, who, in turn, should understand how to accept and implement this principle in their lives.

[ANALYSIS OF THE STAFFING OF MEDICAL ORGANIZATIONS SUBORDINATE TO THE DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH OF THE CITY OF MOSCOW IN 2021].

An analysis was made of the structure and number of medical workers (doctors and paramedical personnel) of the Moscow healthcare system for the period 2017-2021. The analysis showed that the number of medical full-time positions over the same period increased by 13.6%, and regular positions of nursing staff by 8.9%. The provision of the population (per 10 thousand population) with doctors increased by 13.0% from 35.6 in 2017 to 40.2 in 2021. The provision of the population with nurses decreased by 2.4% from 58.4 in 2017 to 57.0 in 2021. Among medical workers, the number of individual doctors, over the same period, increased by 15.5%, and the number of individuals of paramedical personnel decreased by 3.4%. The staffing of medical rates (by positions), in general, decreased by 2.4% from 82.5 in 2017 to 80.5 in 2021, and the rates of nursing staff decreased by 9.7% from 87.4% in 2017 to 79.0% in 2021. The part-time ratio was 1.1 for medical positions and for positions of paramedical personnel. Issues related to low staffing and the coefficient of part-time employment for individual medical positions and positions of paramedical personnel require further resolution.