Overexpression of PIK3CG in Cancer Cells Promotes Lung Cancer Cell Migration and Metastasis Through Enhanced MMPs Expression and Neutrophil Recruitment and Activation.

Metastasis is a major cause of death in lung cancer. The aim of this study is to analyze the role and mechanism of PI3K catalytic subunit gamma (PIK3CG, also known as p110γ) in lung cancer cell migration and metastasis. Knockdown (KD) and overexpression (OE) of PIK3CG expression in lung cancer cell lines A549 and H1299 in vitro cultured was achieved. Two PIK3CG-specific inhibitors, Eganelisib and CAY10505, were used to treat A549 and H1299 cells. An experimental lung metastasis mouse model was constructed using tail vein injection of LLC cells. Finally, a co-culture system was established using Transwell chambers. Compared with the NC group, the number of cells that completed migration and the expression levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were significantly reduced in the KD group and Eganelisib and CAY10505 treatment groups, while the number of cells that migrated successfully and the expression levels of MMPs were significantly increased in the OE group. Lung tissues of mice injected with PIK3CG-stabilized overexpressed LLC cells showed more pronounced lung cancer growth, lung metastatic nodules, neutrophil infiltration and MMPs expression. Co-culture with neutrophils, soluble extracts of neutrophils and cathepsin G all promoted the migration of lung cancer cells. PIK3CG overexpression in tumor cells significantly promoted the migration and metastasis of lung cancer cell.

Facile Solvothermal Synthesis of Hollow BiOBr Submicrospheres with Enhanced Visible-Light-Responsive Photocatalytic Performance.

In this work, hierarchical hollow BiOBr submicrospheres (HBSMs) were successfully prepared via a facile yet efficient solvothermal strategy. Remarkable effects of solvents upon the crystallinities, morphologies, and microstructures of the BiOBr products were systematically investigated, which revealed that the glycerol/isopropanol volumetric ratio played a significant role in the formation of hollow architecture. Accordingly, the underlying formation mechanism of the hollow submicrospheres was tentatively put forward here. Furthermore, the photocatalytic activities of the resulting HBSMs were evaluated in detail with photocatalytic degradation of the organic methyl orange under visible light irradiation. Encouragingly, the as-obtained HBSMs with striking recyclability demonstrated excellent visible-light-responsive photocatalytic performance, which benefits from their large surface area, effective visible light absorption, and unique hollow feature, highlighting their promising commercial application in waste water treatment.