Analysis of upper gastrointestinal bleeding complicated with deep vein thrombosis in elderly gastric cancer patients by gastric cancer imaging.

Tumor imaging represents an ideal environment for collecting novel biomarkers from different technologies, as patients with tumors often undergo multiple imaging studies.With the aging of the Chinese population, the number of elderly patients with gastric cancer is also increasing. In the past, patients with gastric cancer in the elderly have been conservative in whether surgical treatment can be performed, and advanced age is regarded as a relative contraindication to the effect of surgical treatment on gastric cancer patients. To investigate the clinical characteristics of patients with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage complicated by deep vein thrombosis in elderly patients with gastric cancer. One patient with upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage complicated by deep venous thrombosis, and elderly gastric cancer patients admitted to our hospital on 11 October 2020, were selected. After anti-shock symptomatic support, filter placement, prevention and treatment of thrombosis, gastric cancer eradication, anticoagulation, immune regulation, etc. Treatment and long-term follow-up observation. Long-term follow-up showed that the patient's condition was stable, there was no sign of metastasis or recurrence after radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer, and there were no serious pre- and post-operative complications such as upper gastrointestinal bleeding and deep vein thrombosis, and the prognosis was satisfactory. How to choose the appropriate operation timing and method for elderly gastric cancer patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding and deep vein thrombosis at the same time to maximize benefits, clinical experience in this area is particularly valuable.

Preliminary study of the toxicity and radioprotective effects of zymosan in vitro and in vivo.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to confirm the cytotoxicity of zymosan in vitro and in vivo and determine the appropriate treatment time and the dose of zymosan. METHODS: AHH-1 cells and HIECs were administered by 0, 20, 40, 80 or 160 µg/mL zymosan. The CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry were used to evaluate the cell viability and apoptosis 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after administration. Furthermore, 12 h before irradiation, the cells were treated with 0, 5, 10, or 20 µg/mL zymosan and then irradiated with 4 Gy X-rays. Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by the CCK-8 assay and flow cytometry at 24 h. In addition, the protective effect of zymosan against radiation in vitro was compared to that of 20 µg/mL LPS. In vivo, weight, the spleen index, and the thymus index were measured to evaluate the toxicity of 0, 5, 10, 20, and 10 mg/kg zymosan. In addition, rats were treated with 0, 2, 4, 8, or 10 mg/kg zymosan and then irradiated with 7 Gy X-rays. The survival rate, organ index were evaluated. The protective effect of zymosan against radiation in vivo was compared to that of 10 mg/kg LPS a positive control. RESULTS: The viability and apoptosis of cells treated with different doses and treatment times of zymosan were not different from those of control cells (p < 0.05). Furthermore, cell viability and apoptosis were clearly improved after zymosan preadministration (p < 0.05). The radioprotective effect of zymosan was dose-dependent. In addition, the viability of cells pretreated with zymosan was higher than that of cells pretreated with LPS, and the apoptosis rate of zymosan-treated cells was lower than that of cells pretreated with LPS (p < 0.05). In vivo, weight, the spleen index and the thymus index were significantly decreased by zymosan at a concentration of 20 mg/kg (p < 0.05). Further experiments showed that the concentration at which zymosan exerted radioprotective effects was 10 mg/kg. The survival curves in the irradiated rats were barely separated between the LPS treatment and zymosan treatment. CONCLUSION: Zymosan administration before radiation exposure significantly increased cell viability and the survival rates of rats.

[K562 cells induces apoptosis of activated NK cells in vitro].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the apoptosis of NK cells induced by the erythroleukemia cell line K562 in vitro. METHODS: Primary NK cells isolated from the peripheral blood of healthy donors by magnetic-activated cell sorting were cultured with stem cell medium containing recombinant human interleukin-2 (rhIL-2). The NK cells and K562 cells were mixed and co-cultured at different E:T ratios for different time lengths. The apoptosis of NK cells and K562 cells were detected using PE-AnnexinV/7-AAD labeling and flow cytometry. RESULTS: The purity of isolated NK cells reached (93.99∓4.22)%. At the same E: T ratio, the apoptotic rate of NK cells induced by K562 cells increased significantly with time. As the E:T ratio reduced, the apoptotic rate of the NK cells increased and their cytotoxic activity against K562 cells was attenuated. CONCLUSION: K562 cells can induce the apoptosis of activated NK cells, which is one of the probable mechanisms of immune escape of tumors.

[Expression of NKG2D and NKG2A with their ligands MHC-I A/B and HLA-E in acute leukemia patients and its significance].

This study was aimed to explore the difference of NK cell receptor NKG2D and NKG2A expression on NK cells and CD3(+) T cells and their ligand MHC-I A/B (major histocompatibility complex class I-related chains A/B) and HLA-E expression in leukemia cells, as well as its immunological significance. Flow cytometry was used to detect the killing rate of NK92 cells to 8 leukemia cell lines, and the expression of NKG2D and NKG2A on NK cells and CD3(+) T cells as well as their ligand MHC-I A/B and HLA-E expression on leukemia cells. The results indicated that the NK92 showed different killing activity to different leukemia cell lines. The positive expression rate of NKG2D and NKG2A on NK cells and CD3(+) T cells in ALL patients was no significantly different from that in AML patients (p > 0.05), but positive expression rate of MHC-I A/B and HLA-E in ALL patients was obviously higher than that in AML patients (p < 0.05). It is concluded that there is difference of immune cell function between ALL and AML patients, this difference may be associated with the expression difference of NKG2D and NKG2A ligands on leukemia cells while does not associated with the killing and inhibiting receptors expressed on NK cells and CD3(+) T cells.