Aluminum Carboxylate Modification Enabled Efficient and Stable Perovskite-Polystyrene Thin Films for Light-Emitting Applications.

Lead halide perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) have demonstrated great potential in emerging display technologies. However, the practical application of PNCs is hindered by the inherent instability of their ionic surface. Here, we proposed a surface modification approach to enhance the stability of CsPbBr3 PNCs by postsynthetic treatment with aluminum phenylbutyrate (Al(PA)3). Our study reveals that Al(PA)3 displaces ammonium ligands and binds tightly on surface halide, providing excellent air and moisture resistance while preserving a high quantum efficiency of 81.6%. The modified PNCs maintain a constant photoluminescence intensity under continuous UV light illumination for 500 h. Additionally, the Al(PA)3 ligand is compatible with styrene, enabling homogeneous dispersion of PNCs in polystyrene matrices to form bright and uniform PNC-PS thin films. We demonstrated the application of the composite films for display backlighting, which exhibits a wide color gamut of 125% NTSC. The result highlights the potential of AlPA-modified PNCs in light-emitting and other optoelectronic devices.

Dysfunction of the glymphatic system in childhood absence epilepsy.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the glymphatic system in childhood absence epilepsy (CAE) using diffusion tensor image analysis along the paravascular space (DTI-ALPS) index. Methods: Forty-two CAE patients and 50 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were included in this study. All participants underwent scanning using a Siemens 3.0 T magnetic resonance scanner, and the DTI-ALPS index was calculated. The study compared the differences of DTI-ALPS index between CAE patients and the healthy controls. Additionally, this study also assessed the relationship between the DTI-ALPS index and clinical characteristics such as age, seizure frequency, and duration of epilepsy. Results: The DTI-ALPS index was lower in CAE patients compared to the healthy controls (1.45 ± 0.36 vs. 1.66 ± 0.30, p < 0.01). The DTI-ALPS index showed a negative correlation with the duration of epilepsy (r = -0.48, p < 0.01) and a positive correlation with age (r = 0.766, p < 0.01) in CAE patients. However, no significant correlation was observed between the DTI-ALPS index and seizure frequency. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that children with CAE exhibit dysfunction in the glymphatic system of the brain, which might contribute to understanding the pathophysiological mechanism of CAE. The DTI-ALPS, as a non-invasive diagnostic marker, can be used to assess the function of the glymphatic system in CAE patients, providing promising applications in the diagnosis and research of CAE.

Treatment of vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

BACKGROUND: In adults, vitamin K-dependent coagulation factor deficiency (VKCFD) increases in the recent years. We treated a VKCFD patient with subarachnoid hemorrhage, with favorable outcomes. METHODS: A 19-year-old male student with VKCFD was treated at our hospital. The initial treatment was injection of a large dose of vitamin K and fresh plasma, and then with oral high dose of vitamin K4. RESULTS: At 4 weeks after admission, the focus of hemorrhage subsided, neurological examination was normal, and the patient was discharged. CONCLUSIONS: VKCFD is rare and its diagnosis should be based on the history of the patient and the results of laboratory examinations. A large dose of vitamin K is the first choice of treatment.