A randomized clinical trial to assess the efficacy of trial-based cognitive therapy compared to prolonged exposure for post-traumatic stress disorder: preliminary findings.

BACKGROUND: Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a prevalent mental health condition that is often associated with psychiatric comorbidities and changes in quality of life. Prolonged exposure therapy (PE) is considered the gold standard psychological treatment for PTSD, but treatment resistance and relapse rates are high. Trial-based cognitive therapy (TBCT) is an effective treatment for depression and social anxiety disorder, and its structure seems particularly promising for PTSD. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy of TBCT compared to PE in patients with PTSD. METHODS: Ninety-five patients (77.6% females) who met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, criteria for PTSD were randomly assigned to receive either TBCT (n = 44) or PE (n = 51). Patients were evaluated before and after treatment, and at follow-up 3 months after treatment. The primary outcome was improvement in PTSD symptoms as assessed by the Davidson Trauma Scale (DTS). Secondary outcomes were depression, anxiety, and dysfunctional attitudes assessed by the Beck Depression/Anxiety Inventories and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale, as well as the dropout rate. RESULTS: A significant reduction in DTS scores was observed in both arms, but no significant difference between treatments. Regarding the secondary outcomes, we found significant differences in depressive symptoms in favor of TBCT, and the dropout rate was lower in the TBCT group than the PE group. CONCLUSION: Our preliminary results suggest that TBCT may be an effective alternative for treating PTSD. Further research is needed to better understand its role and the mechanisms of change in the treatment of this disorder.

Considerações sobre a clínica e o tratamento de uma manifestação incomum do transtorno dismórfico corporal: a síndrome de referência olfatória / Considerations on the clinical picture and treatment of an unusual manifestation of body dysmorphic disorder: the olfactory reference syndrome

Neste relato, descreve-se o caso de um rapaz de 23 anos que apresentava a crença de exalar um odor desagradável proveniente da transpiração e acreditava que incomodava as outras pessoas. O paciente foi medicado com amissulprida associada a técnicas de terapia cognitivo-comportamental (TCC), tendo havido acentuada melhora do quadro clínico. Foram abordados aspectos relativos à nosologia e às manifestações clínicas da síndrome de referência olfatória (SRO), e o seu tratamento foi discutido. Observou-se que experimentos comportamentais envolvendo exposição com desafio às crenças delirantes podem ser úteis no tratamento desse transtorno e que os antipsicóticos, particularmente a amissulprida, podem ser uma boa alternativa aos inibidores de recaptação da serotonina (IRSs) no tratamento da SRO.

We report the case of a 23 year old man who believed he emitted an unpleasant odor from perspiration which he’s believed bothered other people. He was treated with amisulpride in combination with cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and there was marked improvement in the clinical status. Aspects related to the clinical manifestations and nosology of olfactory reference syndrome (ORS) and treatment were discussed. It was noted that behavioral experiments involving exposure with challenge to the delusional beliefs may be useful in the treatment of this disorder, and antipsychotics, particularly amisulpride may be a good alternative to the serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) in the treatment of ORS.